All World Muslim Educational Conference 2022 (AWMEC’22) Proceedings

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Conference Proceedings

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© IJSmart Publishing Company
Title of Book: All World Muslim Educational Conference 2022 (AWMEC’22) Proceedings
Editors:
Ms. Saba Malik
Dr. Sanaullah Panezai
This book is protected by Copyright Act. No part of this publication can be reproduced, stored in retrieval system,
or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without
prior permission of the copyright owners
To request permission, contact the publisher at info@ijsmartpublishing.com
ISBN Number: ISBN978-627-7593-00-1
FIRST EDITION 2023
Presented By:

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FORWARD
With great joy and immense honor, I present to you the All World Muslim Educational Conference 2022
(AWMEC’22) being held September 21, 2022, at FAST National University of Computer and Emerging
Sciences, Faisalabad-Chiniot Campus. AWMEC’22 is held at the District Chiniot as a face-to-face event to
re-establish a historical common platform for Muslims & non-Muslims (Ullama, researchers, scholars,
doctors, and common people) to promote and encourage their research or ideas (all scientific & social
issues) worldwide. This conference was a reform of the All India Muslim Educational Conference started
by our leader Sir Sayyed Ahmad Khan, through this conference we continue the legacy of Sir Sayyed
Ahmad Khan. Moreover, this was the opportunity to promote SDG goal 4, quality of education.
I am thankful to all those who participated in the conference by submitting abstracts and making this
event productive. I am sure that the keynote speeches, presented papers, and the ensuing discussion
during and after each activity in the conference have affected your creativity, interests, and have
benefitted all. It is also hoped that each individual presentation has reflected the critical thinking and
experiences of the authors/presenters, common audience, and experts in the chair in their respective
fields of research and interest. This edition of the congress features for the first time in the district Chiniot,
adding in this way a new dimension to reflect the growing interest of Industry in Research.
AWMEC’22 has proved a source of inspiration and impetus to stimulate the research community across
the world to warmly participate in such events in the future. Organizing and conducting research is not an
easy task and reflects that a lot of inputs have been put in place to make the event a success. In other
words, AWMEC’22 bespeaks the unflinching efforts of a number of researchers and scholars in the field
of research. In this regard I am extremely thankful to the national and international guest speakers for
sparing their precious time for the event. Besides, I also express my gratitude to all members of the
Scientific Committees.
I would like to specifically mention and thank our Honory Committee Syed Mahmood Asadullah (Great
Grandson of Sir Sayyed Ahmad Khan), Dr. Mushtaq Bashir Akif (Chief Executive Officer Health Department
Chiniot), Syed Munawar Abbas (Director Colleges District – Chiniot) and Zaffar Abbas Rehan (CEO-
Education Chiniot) for the professional, dedicated work and his kindness. Personal thanks go to Dr.
Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, Chairman, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Statistics, University of Agriculture
Faisalabad (UAF) professional conference organizer, who did not hesitate to spend several days working
on the local arrangements. Special thanks go to our venue partner Fast National University Chiniot
Faisalabad Campus and the Statistical Department head the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad for
supporting this historical conference. In a nutshell, I am thankful to all those who made this event
possible.
Ms. Saba Malik
AWMEC’22 General Chair

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ABOUT ALL WORLD MUSLIM EDUCATIONAL CONFERENCE 2022
(AWMEC’22)
AWMEC is the research development program of IJSmart Publishing Company® (. All World Muslim
Educational Conference (AWMEC) is the reform of Muslim's first “All-India
Muhammadan Educational Conference,” organized by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan in 1886 in
India. Later on, the name was changed to “All India Muslim Educational Conference
(AIMEC)” in 1923 after the death of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan. The series of (AWMEC)
conferences was conducted annually to promote education and Muslims from a
common platform. Muslim Educational Conference was concerned primarily with
Muslim education. It kept a vigilant eye on the spread of modern education among
Muslims, passed resolutions, and took steps to deal with the factors hindering its
progress.
“All World Muslim Educational Conference (AWMEC) is the new phase of All India Muslim Educational
Conference (AIMEC); AWMEC is providing a new platform to raise your strong voice”
All India Muslim Educational Conference (AIMEC) became a platform to promote education, specifically
modern and western education, to clarify the doubts and misconceptions about
western and modern education. Due to its publicity, Aligarh Movement leaders
joined and promoted this activity. This conference was a powerful instrument for
intellectual awakening and spreading knowledge among Indian Muslims. IJSmart
promotes the vision of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan with the start of the new conference,
"All World Muslim Educational Conference," in Pakistan. After the separation of
India-Pakistan, the two nations are separated from each other. So, in 2022 this
conference will be modified from “All India Muslim Educational Conference (AIMEC)
to "All World Muslim Educational Conference" (AWMEC). IJSmart Publishing continued the legacy of our
leader "Sir Syed Ahmad Khan," and started the AWMEC to provide a unique opportunity for all
researchers.
All India Muhammadan Educational Conference (AIMEC) 1886
All India Muslim Educational Conference (AIMEC) 1923
All World Muslim Educational Conference (AWMEC) 2022
IJSmart Publishing Company initiated this
program in the Chiniot City of Pakistan and will be
implemented in the whole country. Through this
program, our vision is to see Pakistan as the
number 1 country in Research Publications. We will give a positive message to the Country through this
Research Development Program.
AWMEC’22 (All World Muslim Educational Conference) is instrumental in providing an opportunity for
researchers to display their inborn qualities. People from all over the world, from all religions, from all
talents (scientific knowledge, experiments, theories, methods, and techniques, books, reports, abstracts,
research papers, review papers, e-books, experience essays, poetry, research, issues), and all area of study
are invited to join this conference. AWMEC’22 (All World Muslim Educational Conference) is an open
the reason for choosing Chiniot city is because it’s an
underdeveloped city and hometown of Founder / CEO Ms. Saba
Malik. She wants to give her contribution to the city, So, this
program is initiated in Chiniot City for the development of the city

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platform for all the person all over the world to be connected. Prospective members are encouraged to
submit papers/ideas for evaluation by the Scientific Committee.
“We continue the legacy of Sir Syed Ahmad Khan”
There are three important points that motivate you to be a part of this conference (AWMEC’22):
- It’s the first conference of Chiniot City
- It continues the legacy of Sir Sayed Ahmad Khan
- It is an international conference
- We are providing a positive impact worldwide.
“All World Muslim Educational Conference (AWMEC) is founded in the light of Sir Syed Ahmad
Khan”
The theme of the conference is “Idea”, this idea can be any social issue, theory, or experimental research. This
conference accepts the papers in following areas:
Life Sciences
➢ Biological Sciences
➢ Chemical Sciences
➢ Physical Sciences
➢ Medical Sciences
IT, Technology & Engineering
➢ Computer Science & IT
➢ Engineering
➢ Mathematics
Social Sciences
➢ Linguistic & Literature
➢ History
➢ Management Science & Commerce
➢ Religious Studies
➢ Legal Studies
➢ Finance
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The “All World Muslim Educational Conference (AWMEC)” adopts a charter of aims and objectives as
under:
· To provide a common platform for Muslims & non-Muslims (Ullama, researchers, scholars,
doctors, and common people) to promote and encourage their research or ideas (all scientific &
social issues) worldwide.
· To arrange a forum through which Muslims (from all disciplines) can connect with other (non-
Muslim) researchers.
- To aware students of the research publications, and the importance of conferences.
- To provide researchers a platform for the promotion of their research.
· To promote quality of education by promoting lifelong learning opportunities through
conferences.
- To promote SDG goal 4, Quality of education
- To produce future scientists
Through this conference, people will discuss their research ideas, educational issues, and national issues
to pursue the path of national welfare and integration with renewed zeal and zest.
VISION OF AWMEC
Muslims hardly ever gathered at one platform to discuss a matter of mutual interest. Muslims never
assembled after the “All-India Muhammadan Educational Conference” event at the local level. The

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AWMEC’22 vision is to gather all Muslims in one platform not only from cities, or provinces but from all
over the world. All Muslims are encouraged to take part in this conference and discuss their ideas.
“Speakers from different parts of the world will be sharing their knowledge. AWMEC’22 is providing
opportunities to Muslims to display their inborn qualities”
We want to see Pakistan as the top-ranked country in research. Our vision is to provide scholarships to
researchers.
CONFERENCE VENUE
The conference was held on 21st
September 2022 in Fast University Auditorium Chiniot, 35400, Pakistan. Fast NU |
CFD – the National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences Faisalabad-Chiniot Campus.
ORGANSING COMMITTEE
CONFERENCE CHIEF ORGANIZER
Ms. Saba Malik
M.Phil. (Zoology, Wildlife, & Fisheries)
Department of Science,
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Founder & CEO
IJSmart Publishing Company®.
HONORARY COMMITTEE
Syed Mahmood Asadullah
Great Grandosn Sir Sayyed Ahmad Khan

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Dr. Mushtaq Bashir Akif
Chief Executive Officer
Health Department Chiniot
Syed Munawar Abbas
Director Colleges District - Chiniot
Zaffar Abbas Rehan
CEO-Education Chiniot
CONFERENCE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
1. Ms. Iqra Iqbal, MA. Mass Communication University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan, Chief
Finance Officer & Marketing Head, IJSmart Publishing Company®.
2. M. Muawwiz Zia, MS. Project Management, Air University Islamabad, Director, Be Positive
Productions (Pvt.) Ltd.
3. Ms. Samina Rasheed, M.A, M.Ed., Director, M/s. Sufa Welfare Society
4. Muhammad Ahmer Zaman, BSCS FAST-NUCES, CEO & Founder Yunguns Studios
5. Mr. Hassaan Abdullah Director, Aromatic Mineral Water
CONFERENCE ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
1. Dr. Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, Ph.D. Senior Laparoscopic, Bariatric & Metabolic Surgeon -Rashid
Hospital & Dubai Medical College - Dubai, UAE
2. Dr. Sanaullah Panezai, Assistant Professor, Department of Geography and Regional Planning,
University of Balochistan, Quetta
3. Dr. Saif Maqbool, Assistant Professor, FAST School of Management, FAST – University
Faisalabad-Chiniot Campus
4. Muhammad Awais, Superior University, Pakistan
5. Dr. Yasir Jamil, Chairman, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Agriculture
Faisalabad (UAF).
6. Dr. Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, Chairman, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Statistics, University of
Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF).
7. Dr. Naeem Gulzar, MBBS, Family Physician Gulzar Clinics - Chiniot
8. Dr. Muhammad Gufran Khan, Associate Professor & Head of Department, Fast National
University, Chiniot

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9. Dr. M. Usman Jamshaid, Senior Tutor, Soil and Environmental Sciences, MNS University of
Agriculture, Multan
10. Dr. Naureen Rana, Assistant Professor, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Zoology, Wildlife and
Fisheries, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF).
11. Dilawar Abbas, Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Pakistan
12. Fakhar Hussain, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Pakistan
13. Haq Nawaz, Allamah Iqbal Open University (AIOU), Pakistan
14. Junaid Haider, Riphah International University, Pakistan
15. Narjis Fatima, Riphah International University, Pakistan
16. Rija Jameel, University of Sargoda (UoS), Pakistan
17. Sidra Malik, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Pakistan
18. Sana Akhtar, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Pakistan
19. Aqsa Munir, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Pakistan
20. Maryam Mazhar, Government College (GC) University, Pakistan
21. Aamna Shahzadi, University of Lahore (UoL), Pakistan
22. Rai Ahmad Raza Tahir, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Pakistan
23. Fast University, Chiniot, Pakistan
24. Iqra bibi, University of Agriculture Faisalabad (UAF), Pakistan
25. Taiba Zia Elahi, Assistant Director, Be Positive Productions Pvt. Ltd.
26. Aaleen Fatima, Executive Development Coordinator, Be Positive Productions Pvt. Ltd.
27. Hareem Ali Malik, Assistant Creative Manager, Be Positive Productions Pvt. Ltd.
28. Ms. Rafia Irfan, Fast National University Chiniot
29. Taiba Zia Elahi , Assistant Director, Be Positive Productions Pvt. Ltd.
30. Aaleen Fatima, Executive Development Coordinator, Be Positive Productions Pvt. Ltd.
31. Hareem Ali Malik, Assistant Creative Manager, Be Positive Productions Pvt. Ltd.
PUBLICATION CHAIRS
Muhammad Sibt-e-Ali, Zhengzhou University, China

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GUEST SPEAKERS
INTERNATIONAL SPEAKERS
Dr. Zamokuhle Mbandlwa
Lecturer
School of Management, Durban
University, South Africa
James Daniel Chindengwike
University of Dodoma, Tanzania
Dr. Zulfiqar Ali
MBBS
Lecturer
Dubai Medical College, UAE
Dr. Zafar Iqbal Gondal
MBBS(PB), MCPS(PK),
FCPS(PK), MRCS (Ireland),
FRCS (Glasgow),
FEBS(Belgium), and
FACS(USA)
NATIONAL GUEST SPEAKERS
Dr. Abdul Rauf Bhatti
Director ORIC Innovation, and Commercialization. GC University
Faisalabad.
Dr. Muhammad Ali (Ph.D.)
Associate Professor of Political Science.
University of Karachi, Pakistan

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Dr. Zulfiqar Ali
Consultant Physician, Rashid Hospital, Dubai (FRCP, MRCP, MRCPS, MRCS A&E, EMDM, PgD Diab)
Bio/Profile
Dr. Zulfiqar Ali is a Dubai-based consultant physician. He completed his graduation from Allama Iqbal
Medical College, Punjab University Lahore in 1990. In 1995, he joined the Ministry of Health, UAE and
later Dubai Health Authority in 2004. He obtained MRCP (Ireland) in 2003, MRCSEd A&E (UK) 2005, and
EMDM (Italy) in 2007 and MRCPS (Glasgow) in 2014. He got his FRCP (Ireland in 2017) and completed
postgraduate diploma (PgD) in diabetes from (UK) in 2019. At present, Dr. Ali is performing his clinical
duties at Rashid Hospital Dubai, UAE. He is a teaching faculty with Dubai Medical College and visiting
faculty as Professor of Medicine at Sialkot Medical College. He is also a member of the team serving H.H.
Sh. Mohammad Bin Rashid Al Maktoum, the Prime Minister and Vice-President of UAE and the Ruler of
Dubai.
In addition to his clinical commitments, Dr. Ali has great interest in academics, research, teaching and
training. Many of his research articles have been published in various local and international journals. He
is actively involved in teaching and training both undergraduates and postgraduate healthcare
professionals. His personal academic courses and workshops such as Advanced ECG, Pearls of Clinical
Diabetes, Clinical Toxicology, Emergency Pharmacology, Emergency Radiology, ABGs Interpretation, etc.
are a regular feature of Dubai Health Authority’s MED training schedule. He is also a senior instructor and
faculty for many life support training courses such as ACLS, PALS, PEERS, ACLS-EP, PHTLS, and few more.
He has been a regional faculty (MENA region) for American Heart Association (2010 – 2016) and
contributed significantly in establishing life support training networks in Pakistan. He was also the
founding member and General Secretary of Medical Wing of Pakistan Association Dubai in 2008-09. He
was also a founding executive member of Association of Pakistani Physicians and Surgeons (APPS) –
Middle East in 2021.
Presentation Topic
Tashkhees - A handbook on Diseases Awareness
As man develops, so do the diseases that risk stable health, but most importantly, so does man’s ability
to fight and triumph over them. Tashkhees dives into the surface of common diseases man falls victim to,
symptoms or manifestations that follow through, and helps to raise the alarm on emergency situations
and circumstances where doctor’s aid is a necessity. This book is a compilation of medicinal information
on everyday ailments and common complaints, providing the knowledge base for a comprehensive
outlook and understanding on ways to tackle them through the initial treatments available. Tashkhees
presents the basic awareness to avoid the risk of medicinal malpractice by ordinary masses arising due to
preconceived opinions and notions on what disease a symptom might indicate.

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The purpose of this book is clear and explicit: to inform. Informative books on health issues are usually
discriminatory - written to be interpreted solely by medicine practitioners. Tashkhees is written otherwise.
The authors of this book have gone beyond medicinal terminology and have employed the most basic
language that can be construed by almost anyone. In essence, this book is a handbook for everybody.
After all, the nature of healing is in the art of understanding, where each brush stroke is dipped in clear
facts that paints a picture for every human.
With 305 diseases and common complaints presented to browse through, there are 5 basic frequently
asked questions answered for each of them:
▪ What is it?
▪ What causes it?
▪ Is it an emergency?
▪ What are the home remedies?
▪ When do I see a doctor?
The answers acquired through these questions will stimulate a better understanding of the situation and
will present guidance on how to proceed forward.
The relationship between doctors and patients is simple: the doctor is active; the patient is passive. While
the patient presents their injuries, doctors observe, determine and tend to. I wrote this book to flip the
tables. I wrote this book so that patients can take it upon themselves to observe, determine -and if
possible- tend to their own wounds. I wish for every patient to acquire the knowledge -the basic rules of
survival- to be able to be conscious about the workings of their bodies, what causes pain and what irks it.
With very limited medicinal books in basic and simple phraseology, and even less so in languages that are
not English, I hope that this book lends a helping hand to those in need.

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James Daniel Chindengwike
Assistant Lecturer, St. John's University of Tanzania
Bio/Profile
James Daniel Chindengwike is an Assistant Lecturer at St. John's University of Tanzania. He teaches
Accounting and Finance subjects. Also, he teaches part-time at Open University of Tanzania. Also is TRA
consultants in Tax reforms for two years 2020-2022. Also is a research scholar since he published different
books, articles, and conference working papers related to the fields of Accounting, finance, and
economics. He graduated with a Master of Science in Accounting and Finance from the College of Business
and Economics at the University of Dodoma-Tanzania. He also holds a Bachelor of Accounting and Finance
at St. John’s University of Tanzania- Tanzania. He also holds a Diploma in Business Administration
(Accounting) at St. John’s University of Tanzania- Tanzania. He has good knowledge of Econometric
methods and application of STATA, E views, and SPSS software. Currently James Daniel Chindengwike
serves as Tax Management Officer at Tanzania Revenue Authority.
Presentation Topic
Effectiveness of Financial Planning on Public Sector Performance in Tanzania
Financial planning is very imperative in public and private sectors performance not only in developed
countries but in developing countries. The study examined the effectiveness of financial planning on
public sector performance in Tanzania. The performance of organizations was measured by Return on
Assets (ROA). The study used the “cross - sectional survey research design”. Data was collected from 128
staff from five public sectors in Tanzania through questionnaires. Probability sampling was employed to
choose staffs. This study opted for a mixed research approach. This study opted for descriptive analysis
such as standard deviation, mean and variance. Furthermore, correlation and multiple linear regression
models were conducted to demonstrate the association between determinants. SPSS application was
employed in analysis of data. The results showed that there is statistically positive association between
financial planning and public sector performance in Tanzania with P-Value 0.04. The study recommends
that the governments should increase the oversight in order to ensure that the financial planning is
implemented effectively and efficiently, therefore to archive the public sector's performance in Tanzania.
The study likewise suggests that all public sector organizations should make sure that the operation
systems are implemented effectively, therefore can achieve the performance. Also, the study suggests
that financial strategies and full accountabilities from staff are needed in public sector organizations in
order to increase performance.

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AWMEC’22 SPEAKERS
KEYNOTE SPEAKERS
Dr. Hassan Tohid
MBBS, SUDCC, CCATP
TEDx Speaker, Neuroscientist,
Board Certified in Addiction Counseling
Chief Executive Officer,
M/s. California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology
Dr. Hassaan Tohid MBBS, SUDCC, CCATP, is a 3 times TEDx Speaker, Neuroscientist & Board Certified
Addiction Counselor, Book Editor and a Published Author. He is also featured on prestigious TED talks at
the platform of TEDx UCDavissf and TEDx UAlberta. He is California Board Certified in Addiction
Counseling and is the Editor of the Springer Book “Tohid & Maibach International Medical Graduates in
the United States: Challenges and Solutions” He is also the founder and CEO at California Institute Of
Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology. Where he trains IMGs for research and publications. He is the
Editor of Springer's Book “International Medical Graduates in the United States: A Complete Guide to
Challenges and Solutions.”
Dr. Tohid also served as the Course Director of Psychiatry for FirstAid/ScholarRx-USMLE-Rx where he
helped the clinical vignettes creating and approval of the questions related to psychiatry and behavioral
sciences. Previously he served as the faculty of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Neuroscience for
FirstAid/Scholar-Rx. He was also awarded Honorary Professorship by Tecnia Institute of Advanced Studies,
India in 2020 for his services to the student community. For the past 5 years as the CEO of California
Institute Of Behavioral Neurosciences and Psychology, he manages and runs the organization with the
goal of making the students successful in achieving their career goals. He also delivers lectures in Spanish,
Urdu, Hindi and English languages.

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Muhammad Haider Miraj
Marketing & PR. Executive – FAST-NU, Chiniot – Faisalabad Campus
Free Lance Consultant for Advertisement, Business Development and
Conceptual Art
Chief Operating Officer – Xsparc Inc.
Certified Trainer by School of Leadership, Karachi
Certified facilitator by British Council
Agent of Change – Djuice
Passion is what he know and he live. Being an engineer, he have been a juggler with too many things on
my plate.He can be counted in as a consultant, doer, narrator, orator and kind-of Public Speaker.
Contribute his bit in multiple educational institutes and development initiatives. Founded and a traveller
at Askolay (A creative space in Lyallpur). He is a trainer who loves taking individuals to the journey of self-
exploration and loves learning from environment, fellows and Karma,

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List of Abstracts
Title and Authors Page
Resources and Power Abuse by South African Government Political Leaders and Public
Servants
Zamokuhle Mbandlwa
18
Role of All India Muslim educational conference for Renaissance of Indian Muslim
Dr. Muhammad Ali (Ph.D.)
19
Assessment of Solid Waste Management Practices in Khanozai Town, Balochistan,
Pakistan
Sanaullah Panezai, Bakhtnama Malik, & Shahab E Saqib
20
Enhancement of tilapia seed productivity by using sex reversal technique (SRT) in Punjab,
Pakistan
Sidra Maumtaz
21
Morphological and Biochemical Changes in chickpea under CdCl2 stress with foliarly
applied sodium dodecyl sulphate
Aqsa Munir
22
Alantolactone as an Antimalarial Drug: A Molecular Docking Study
Aneeta Sher
23
A review on mobile cloud computing
Syed Zohaib Hassan
24
Reduced Differential Transform Method for the System of Nonlinear Long Wave
Equations with Dissipation Effects
Muhammad Umer Iqbal
25
Beneficial Effects of Turmeric During Insectecides Toxicity on Blood Parameters of
Common Carp
Dure Shahwar
26
An Improved MMC-Based Grid-Connected Photovoltaic system with Triple Active Bridge
Converter
Muhammad Ahmad Khurshid
27
Conceptual Physics Part 1 Urdu Translation
Ali Zaheer
28
The Effect of Psychological Ownership on Civilized Tourist Behavior of Pakistani Overseas
Diaspora: Empirical Evidence Based on SEM
Iffat Tahira
29
Race-equal society: Analysis of Negroid Racism in “I have a dream” by King Martin Luthe 30

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Ummarah Shamim and Sarah
Tess' Naivety: A Critical Study of Tragic Flaw in Tess of D'Urbervilles
Tahseen Aiman
31
Improving EFL Creative Writing through Short Stories at Graduation Level in Pakistan
Azha Farid
32
Impact of English Newspapers in building EFL vocabulary at higher Secondary Level in
Pakistan
Syed Sheraz Ali
33
Project Success in the Construction Industry of Pakistan and the PRINCE 2 Perspective
Muhammad Muawwiz Zia, Muhammad Haris
34
Economic Upgrading of Chickpea Value Chains in Punjab, Pakistan: Challenges and
Opportunities
Fakhar Hussain
35
Pakistan Relations with Afghanistan during Seventy-Five Years and Analysis of Its Major
Policy Formulations
Azmat Ullah
36
Smart Blind Stick
Muhammad Abdullah Malik
37
Power System Operation through Energy Management
Dr. Abdul Rauf Bhatti
38
Comparison Between the Various Optimal Trajectories in (3-D) and Their Effect on Control
Effort of a Quadrotor UAV
Muhammad Yasin Mohsin, Sohaib Tahir, Muhammad Yousif, Ghulam Farid, Waqar Tahir,
Waqas Ahmad Wattoo
40
Optimal Scheduling and Management of Loads in Transactive Home Energy Management
System
Rabbiya Rehman Gul, Hassan Abdullah Khalid, Saqib Suleman Balouch, Muhammad Yasin
Mohsin, Hassan Farooq, Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi
41

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Resources and Power Abuse by South African Government Political
Leaders and Public Servants
Zamokuhle Mbandlwa1
1
Lecturer, Department of Public Management and Economics, Durban University of Technology
Email: ZamokuhleM@dut.ac.za
Abstract
South Africa has been characterized as a corrupt country and the corruption has been attached to a few
names. The corruption is perceived as black dominated and government officials in general and the ruling
political party in particular. This article is presenting an objective view of how the abuse of power and
resources emanate from. The previous regime was regarded as the most corrupt leadership in South Africa
and there was a high level of resource abuse. The main factor that contributes to the abuse of power by
politicians in South Africa is caused by the economic conditions. Historically, black people in South Africa
have been oppressed in various facets. The economy of the country is still controlled by the white owned
companies in majority. The government is controlled by black dominated political parties which only have
political power to make decisions but do not have economic power. Therefore, the majority of black
people are using their political power or positions to extract resources from the government. The
economic system in South Africa is favoring the rich and does not uplift the poor. This is supported by the
recent report that indicated that South Africa is the most unequal society globally. This study suggests
that the abuse of resources cannot be stopped by systems hence the country has the best control
measures to stop the abuse of resources. The country needs to address the root cause of the problem and
not the symptoms.
The objectives of the study are to create an awareness of the causes of the abuse of power and resources
in the government of South Africa. Secondly, to link the economic conditions of the country with the
behavior of government employees and political leaders. Systems to stop the abuse of resources are
created by people and the people can also bypass the system. Nevertheless, the South African
government has not done so well in consequence management.
Keywords: Resources, Power Abuse, South Africa, Government, Political Leaders, Public Servants

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Role of All India Muslim educational conference for Renaissance of
Indian Muslim
Dr. Muhammad Ali (Ph.D.)1
1
Associate Professor, Department of Political Science., University of Karachi, Pakistan Email:
muhammad.ali@uok.edu.pk
Abstract
The All-India Muhammadan Educational Conference (AIMEC) was founded by Sir Syed Ahmed Khan , the
founder of Aligarh Movement, in 1886. It was an organization, promoting modern, liberal education for
the Muslim community in India. The principal aims of the Conference were: to promote education and to
provide the Muslims with a common platform and to encourage the teaching of modern sciences and
literature among themselves. The Conference Proved to be a form of Parliament where educational issues
relating to Muslims were debated by their representatives. Main objective of this study is to evaluate the
massive role of the AIMEC in promoting Muslim Education which ultimately helped in the preservation of
Muslim identity and culture in the United India. Moreover, the study also analyzes the untiring services of
Sir Syed Ahmed khan in the field of education for Muslims, and imparting literary guidelines to the Muslim
community of the whole world. It is expected that the results of this study, would not only facilitate the
scholars and expert of Social Sciences and historian but it would be also a massive significant for general
public as well. It is hope that, this study makes an impressive and quality contribution to literature the
field of educational studies and fills the gaps which is missing in previous study
Keywords: AIMEC, Renaissance, Aligarh Movement, Syed Ahmed Khan, Indian Muslim

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Assessment of Solid Waste Management Practices in Khanozai Town,
Balochistan, Pakistan
Sanaullah Panezai1
, Bakhtnama Malik2
, Shahab E Saqib3
1
Department of Geography and Regional Planning, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan;
Email: sanaullah.panezai@gmail.com
2
Department of Colleges, Higher and Technical Education, Government of Balochistan, Quetta,
Pakistan; Email: bakhtnama.malik@gmail.com
3
Directorate of Commerce Education and Management Sciences, Higher Education, Archives and
Libraries Department, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Peshawar, Pakistan; Email.
shahabmomand@gmail.com
Abstract
The solid waste management remains a serious problem in most of the developing countries, although it
consumes a larger portion of municipal budgets. Solid waste includes solids or semisolids, non-soluble
materials (including gases and liquids in containers) such as agricultural refuse, demolition waste,
industrial waste, mining residues, municipal garbage, and sewage sludge. In this paper the household solid
waste is discussed. This study aims to assess the solid waste management at the household level, and
explore households’ willingness to pay for improved solid waste management in Khanozai Town, Pishin
district, Balochistan. A multistage sampling technique was used to collect the data. Purposive sampling
method was used to select the Pishin district within 33 districts of Balochistan. Furthermore, UC Khanozai
was selected among three UCs of Pishin district purposively. Moreover, the households within UC
Khanozai were selected through universal sampling technique. A total of 741 households were
interviewed in the survey, questionnaires were used as data collecting tool and data were analyzed using
Descriptive (Mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistic (Binary logistic regression model).
Binary logistic regression model was used to show cause and effect between variables. Results show that
76.2% disposed of the waste at open spaces, 31% of the households burnt the waste at homes. Little more
than two-third (61.9%) of the households were satisfied by the SWM services by the Municipal Committee
Khanozai. Results also show that solid waste management practices are one of the big social problems in
the Town as 63.8% of the households reported it as medium priority problem and 18.6% households
reported it as top priority problem while 17.5% households reported it as low priority problem. Moreover,
83.3% of the household were willing to pay for improved sloid waste management. To improve the state
of affairs of this pressing problem, the municipal committee and other stakeholders in the town have to
put efforts for establishing sustainable management of solid waste through cost sharing by households.
Furthermore, it is direly needed to assess the actual quantity of solid waste generated in the town through
proper survey. It is also important to initiate awareness campaign targeting the households, business
community, schools and individuals for proper management of solid waste from sources of generation to
disposal.
Keywords: Solid waste management; solid waste, willingness to pay for improved solid waste
management; waste disposal; waste management; Khanozai; Balochistan.

of 45
Enhancement of tilapia seed productivity by using sex reversal
technique (SRT) in Punjab, Pakistan
Sidra Maumtaz1
1
Department of Zoology, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Email: sidra9105@gmail.com
Abstract
The cultivation of tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, is gradually expanding in the Pakistani region of Punjab.
Working with tilapia presents management issues due to their early development and frequent spawning.
Male tilapia develops more quickly than females, making them ideal for cultivation. Sex reversal is the
most popular method among many that have been created to produce male tilapia for cultivation. Tilapia
fry that has just hatched lack developed gonads. The development of the gonadal system can be
controlled at this early stage of life history to create monosex populations. 17-methyltestosterone (MT),
a synthetic androgen, is frequently used to reverse sex in Niletilapia in order to produce only male
offspring (Oreochromis niloticus). Sex reversal is the term used to describe this phenomenon. Male and
female development is guided by androgens and estrogens, respectively. The androgen most frequently
used to control tilapia sex is methyltestosterone. Different treatment duration and dosage rate regimens
have been examined. All rely on hormone therapy with sexually unequal fry. Partial or full harvests of
spawning containers can yield fry. Earthen ponds, indoor and outdoor tanks, and cages with fine mesh
nets are all employed for tilapia spawning (hapas). When fish are given the right amount of androgen from
the start to the finish of the gonadal differentiation period, the resulting fish population will be heavily
skewed toward males. The range of the fish output is 4400–7000 kg/ha. This production fluctuation might
be the result of how the farmers manage their input and fish farms. The demand for tilapia is very strong
here. The size of the fish affects how much fresh, iced seafood costs. Fish weighing 600–700 grammes this
year sold for a decent price ($2.0/kg). However, the cost of fish was roughly half as much last year as it is
this year. Southern and central Punjab are experiencing rapid growth in tilapia production. The challenges
of expensive fish feed, low fry survival, fish health problems, fish processing, and fish marketing have
nevertheless been brought up by fish farmers. The Punjab province of Pakistan's tilapia culture is
addressed in terms of its various facets.
Keywords: Cirrhinus Mrigala, Growth Performance, Vitamin E

of 45
Morphological and Biochemical Changes in chickpea under CdCl2 stress
with foliarly applied sodium dodecyl sulphate
Aqsa Munir1
1
Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. Email:
aqsamunir171@gmail.com
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is an essential crop of pulses, in African & Asian nations, which is grown and
consumed worldwide. It’s also a source of proteins, & carbohydrates considered as more important
protein pulse. Cadmium is an extremely hazardous heavy metal. and shows deleterious impact on plant
growth and development. However, sodium dodecyl sulphate SDS is an important protectant use for
removal of contaminates in use soap industry. Therefore, in order to determine the impact of cadmium
chloride CdCl2 stress and foliar application of SDS sodium dodecyl sulphate on two varieties of chickpeas
(Cicer arietinum L.). V1 (bittal 2016) And V2 (Punjab 2008) research was conducted. Chickpea (Cicer
arietinum L.) was treated with 2-folds of 500 μM CdCl2 solution & sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) 5 mM
solution foliar application to assess the effects of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) and sodium dodecyl sulphate
(C12H25NaO4S) on Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). the design use for experiment was CRD 3 replicates of
each. Both exposures to growth factors (root & shoot length, fresh & dry weight, numbers of leaves,) as
compared to stress free plants of both varieties were analyzed which showed significant reduction in plant
height, root, shoot length and both dry and fresh weights of shoot and roots physiological attributes as
chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids and total chlorophyll of stressed plant. Leaf MDA, H2O2, decrease as the
antioxidants increase were also analyzed antioxidants activity as SOD, POD, CAT, increase in stressed
plants and they also showed high level of proline and cadmium chloride accumulation as compared to
stress free plants the results were compared to two parameters. The obtained results were evaluated
with one-way study of variance and ANOVA.
Keywords: Cadmium, Chlorophyll, Chickpea, ANOVA

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Alantolactone as an Antimalarial Drug: A Molecular Docking Study
Aneeta Sher1
1
Institute of zoology, University of the Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam Campus, Lahore
Email: aneetasherbhatti@gmail.com
Abstract
Malaria remains the leading cause of mortality throughout the world. It is caused by an apicomplexan
belonging to genus Plasmodium transmitted by Anopheles mosquito. Owing to the development of
resistance and decreased sensitivity to the frequently used conventional antimalarial drugs, malaria is still
a major challenge for the health sector. From time to time, many new antimalarial drugs have been made
but their efficacy is reduced after some time due to development of resistance against them. So, there is
a dire need for development of new antimalarial drugs with improved antimalarial efficiency. Herbal
medicine has been used by humans since earliest times due to its high efficacy, low side effects and high
availability. Compounds extracted from plants belonging to Asteraceae, Apocynaceae, Araliaceae,
Apiaceae, Asclepiadaceae, Canellaceae, Guttiferae and Menispermaceae are specially processed to form
versatile medicines against a number of diseases. Alantolactone is a sesquiterpene lactone extracted from
roots of plants of Asteraceae family and has been widely and successfully used in humans in various drugs
due to its antitumor, anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory effects.
In current study, we analyzed the antimalarial effect of alantolactone via in silico molecular docking
method. Our investigation revealed that alantolactone strongly interacts with various proteins of
Plasmodium including lactate dehydrogenase, falcipain-2, calcium-dependent protein kinase, cGMP-
dependent protein kinase and protein kinase 7 that were crucial for its transmission and infection cycle.
The binding energies obtained from the binding of alantolactone with the above-mentioned molecules
were -8.6kcal/mol, -10.8kcal/mol, -7.9kcal/mol, -9.4kcal/mol and -7.5kcal/mol respectively. Alantolactone
interacted with the binding pockets of all of the studied proteins through their residues including ARG109,
PRO141, ALA194, ALA194, MET325, GLU321, ARG123, ARG25, VAL30, CYS114, PHE75, VAL186, ARG185,
CYS150, LYS153, ILE326, LYS172, LYS172, ALA328, LYS381, LEU702, LYS704 and LYS704. This study
revealed that alantolactone can successfully bind with proteins of Plasmodium and affect their
functioning. Prediction of toxicity and ADME analysis for drug-like properties suggested that alantolactone
is safe to use as an antimalarial drug for humans. To further prove the antimalarial effect of alantolactone,
in vivo and in vitro investigations are suggested which may then lead to the use of alantolactone as a
potential antimalarial drug with high efficacy against malaria.
Keywords: Drugs, Alantolactone, Antimalarial, Molecular docking

of 45
A review on mobile cloud computing
Syed Zohaib Hassan1
1
School of Computer Science and Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing China
Abstract
A foremost debated thread in the IT world is the Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC) which merges the cloud
computing and the mobile computing; MCC a prospective technology of mobile services that has been
inaugurated together with fast development in mobile applications and cloud computing technology. MCC
is right now in an initial phase of development, so this is essential to have in depth knowledge of the
technology in order to identify forthcoming research. The present article gives transitory explanation
about cloud computing and mobile computing. Applications such as M-healthcare M-commerce and M-
gaming" have been discussed to debate about potential applications for a mobile cloud computing.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, Mobile Cloud Computing, Hybrid Cloud, Private Cloud, Public Cloud

of 45
Reduced Differential Transform Method for the System of Nonlinear
Long Wave Equations with Dissipation Effects
Muhammad Umer Iqbal1
1
University of Engineering Technology (UET) Lahore, Pakistan Email: mumeriqbal013@gmail.com
Abstract
The major goal of this study is to deal with the coupled system of nonlinear long wave equations under
the effects of dissipation. Reduced differential transform method which is a semi analytical approach is
employed to find out the solution of the coupled system. Reduced differential transform method is mainly
designed to calculate the approximate solution in the form of convergent power series by simple, easy
and straightforward process. In the framework of reduced differential transform method, many nonlinear
coupled problems had been solved which did not have the mixed partial derivatives. To solve a nonlinear
coupled system containing mixed partial derivatives is not an easy task. Particularly, the current study is
based on such type of nonlinear system. Using Maple, the numerical results are computed, and the
program is executed several times by taking different intervals of time to determine the efficiency and
appropriateness of the suggested technique. The numerical and graphical results for the coupled system
of the nonlinear long wave equations with dissipation effects are calculated. The result shows that
reduced differential transformed method is turned to be a very reliable and efficient technique.
Keywords: Differential Transform Method, System of Nonlinear, Long Wave Equations, Dissipation Effects

of 45
Beneficial Effects of Turmeric During Insectecides Toxicity on Blood
Parameters of Common Carp
Dure Shahwar1
1
Department of Zoology, Wildlife & Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad
Email: shahwarshafiq@yahoo.com
Abstract
Turmeric is a yellow phenolic compound obtained from the herbaceous plant Curcuma longa. It displays
a wide variety of significant biological activity such as increased hepato-protective, antioxidant,
antiparasitic, immuno-modulatory and bactericidal properties. Fipronil is noticeably poisonous to many
fish, but its toxicity varies from species to species. The present research was organized to analyze the
beneficial impact of turmeric on hematological parameters of Cyprinus carpio at different concentrations
of fipronil pesticide. A 45-day trial was conducted for this purpose, CUR were supplemented in diet and
fipronil was added in water. C. carpio was divided into four treatments. (T0) was attended as a control
group fed on a basic diet with 0.14 mg/L water-borne fipronil (1/3 of the 96 h LC50), (T1) was treated with
2% curcumin powder (2g/100g diet) and 0.14mg/L water-borne fipronil, (T2) was expose to 3 % turmeric
powder (3 g/100 g diet) and 0.14 mg/L water-borne fipronil and (T3) was treated with 4 % turmeric
powder (4 g/100 g diet) and 0.14 mg/L water-borne fipronil. Blood was obtained for the conclusion of the
test by fish caudal vein. Different blood parameters were analyzed by using standard protocols. The data
was calculated through a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). The harmful effects of FIP intoxication
were reduced when turmeric was added to the basic diet. The outcomes illustrate that the fish given 0.14
mg/L FIP with 2-4 % turmeric powder had higher levels of RBCs, Hct, Hb MCH, MCV and MCHC and lower
levels of WBCs than the control group that received 0.14 mg/L FIP only. The Physical and chemical
parameters was likewise maintained and checked on a regular basis.
Keywords: Benturmeric, Insectecides, Toxicity, Common Carp

of 45
An Improved MMC-Based Grid-Connected Photovoltaic system with
Triple Active Bridge converter
Muhammad Ahmad Khurshid1
1
University of Engineering Technology (UET) Taxila, Pakistan
Email: mahmad.khurshid@students.uettaxila.edu.pk
Abstract
In the field of MTDC systems, MMC is a promising topology. The article analyses the Grid-Connected
Photovoltaic (PV) system by Triple Active Bridge (TAB) converter. No power mismatch occurs by
connecting the TAB converter with the above arm and lower arm of MMC. This arrangement overcomes
the problem of capacitor voltage profile by eliminating differential-mode component. A circulating-
current controller is proposed to reduce the second-order harmonic capacitor voltage. In addition, the
half-bridge circuit is being used in the TAB converter which reduces the overall components in the system,
cost, and the volume of the system. The MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation shows the validity proposed
topology.
Keywords: Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC), Photovoltaic (PV), Circulating Current, Triple Active
Bridge (TAB)

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Conceptual Physics Part 1 Urdu Translation
Ali Zaheer1
1
Light House RTF, Pakistan; Email: alizaheerbaber@gmail.com
Abstract
American writer Paul G Hewitt's book conceptual physics is a renewed one in USA, its 13 editions had
been published, it is known for simple and to the point concept understanding for students. i made it Urdu
Translation for the students of Pakistan so that they also understand the concept and ideas of physics in
their own language. In my view it is so useful that any student of physics by reading it can clear his/her
ideas and concept of Physics in no time. Because it explains the complex and technical terminology in
simple and easy to understand language. I am so hopeful about its validity that i can present it with money
back guarantee.
Keywords: Concepts of Physics, Understanding of Physics, Conceptual Physics, Concept and Ideas of
Physics

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The Effect of Psychological Ownership on Civilized Tourist Behavior of
Pakistani Overseas Diaspora: Empirical Evidence Based on SEM
Iffat Tahira1
1
Hanyang University, Korea. Email: iffattahira@gcuf.edu.pk
Abstract
Civilized tourism behavior is supreme in improving destination image and promoting the tourism industry
by encouraging citizens and overseas diaspora. The civilized or uncivilized tourist behavior of overseas
Pakistanis has resulted to portray the positive/negative image of the country on global standing. The
purpose of this study is to fill the gap through empirical evidence on this subject. This study investigates
several determinants for tourism marketers by analyzing civilized tourism behavioral intention. This study
used the national identity that compels tourists to behave in a civilized manner and developed a
hypothesized model with three competing models to identify how national image affects civilized tourism
behavior. The data were collected through a face-to-face survey from (N=508) Pakistanis, staying in Korea.
For data analysis, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used. Results indicated a positive relationship
among all constructs: national characteristics, national identity, virtue of patriotism, psychological
ownership, and civilized tourist behaviors. Indirect effects showed that psychological ownership mediated
the relationship between national characteristics and civilized tourist behavior, and virtue of patriotism
and civilized tourist behavior. However, SEM results predicted the national identity model as the best fit
model to the hypothesized model as compared to the national characteristics model and virtue of
patriotism model. This study contributes that psychological ownership varies among Pakistani people who
live abroad depending on long-term or short-term stay and accordingly influence the civilized tourist
behavior to promote the country’s image.
Keywords: Behavior intention, Image, National identity, Patriotism, Tourist

of 45
Race-equal society: Analysis of Negroid Racism in “I have a dream” by
King Martin Luthe
Ummarah Shamim1
and Sarah2
1
Department of English, University of Sahiwal; Email: aouwazahmad@gmail.com;
2
Department of English, University of Sahiwal; sarahsuman77@gmail.com
Abstract
This article focuses on the concept of race-equal society based on the text of famous speech “I have a
dream” by King Luther. Using Critical-Race Theory on the text it is revealed that racism is directly linked
with mindsets and lack of awareness as well as courage. The deprivation of basic rights has direct influence
on discrimination based on color which later provokes target killing of Negroes. The undertaken research
unearths through textual analysis that Negroes also have to raise voices for their basic needs and stand
for their freedom. Any kind of discrimination leaves traumatizing effects on the minds from generations
to generations of minorities.
Keywords: Negroes, King Luther, Race-equal society, Racism, Discrimination

of 45
Tess' Naivety: A Critical Study of Tragic Flaw in Tess of D'Urbervilles
Tahseen Aiman1
1
University of Thal Bhakker, Pakistan; Email: tahseenaiman123@gmail.com
Abstract
This paper throws light on the tragic character Tess of Hardy's famous novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles. This
study analyses Tess through character personality and social background. Tess beauty, innocence and
pure Nature attracted her audience. Her problems and tragic death are unforgettable. Forces of
capitalism, unjust law, hypocritic morality affected her naivety. Patriarchal system, carelessness of her
father, fate, her own tragic flaw of naivety paves the way of her tragedy. Social force which is fate and
internal flaw that is naivety play important role in downfall. She was not a spokesperson for her rights
because of flaw of naivety in her personality. She is the one of the victims of sorrow. This study was
attempted through close reading method of text that have quantitative nature. Different aspects where
her naivety affected by society have been discussed in detail. Researchers came to conclusion that Tess is
a ruined girl because of tragic flaw of naivety and her tragedy is fateful.
Keywords: Unforgettable, Capitalism, Hypocrital, Naivety, Patriarchal

of 45
Improving EFL Creative Writing through Short Stories at Graduation
Level in Pakistan
Azha Farid1
1
Department of English, University of Sahiwal, Pakistan; Email: azhafarid54@gmail.com
Abstract
The study is based on quasi experimental design, including 13 days field study among the graduation
students. The objective of this study is to explore the results learning by short stories through pre and
post-tests. A significance difference is observed between the experimental and control group lastly;
responses of the participants were determined. Linda Flower and John R. Hyde’s model of cognitive theory
of writing is used to designate its theoretical frame work. The study is conducted on both manners,
qualitative and quantitative in nature. Different tools like short stories, test, scoring list, Rubrics, syllabus
and story assessment technique are used to collect and analyze the data This study explores that short
stories have a positive effect on students; improving EFL Creative Writing at Graduation Level Study
conclusions is that Pakistani students face problems while learning English because it is difficult to learn
non-native language. Different interesting techniques was used, they work as helping hands in learning
EFL. The way of communication, learning content and language organization was highly achieved by using
short stories in ELT classroom. Use of short stories has a positive impact in creative writing of EFL at
graduation level.
Keywords: Storytelling, Creativity, vocabulary, Fluency, Sentence structure

of 45
Impact of English Newspapers in building EFL vocabulary at higher
Secondary Level in Pakistan
Syed Sheraz Ali1
1
Department of English, University of Sahiwal, Pakistan; Email: syedsheraz251@gmail.com
Abstract
This study aims to explore reading English newspapers as a helping hand to improve English vocabulary.
This research targets the students of secondary level in Pakistan. The sample of 50 students was selected
by convenient sampling through internet resources. The sample belonged to different cities in Pakistan.
The interactive model of Vocabulary acquisition by vanniarajan is pinned with research. it shows that
students learn vocabulary by creating connection in words. The questionnaire was used as a research tool
to collect the data and explore the Pakistani students' factual experiences. A list of thirty words was
developed from a famous newspaper “Dawn” published on June 3, 2022. The list was prepared to check
the vocabulary of the students. At the initial level, a blank paper was provided to the participants, to make
a list of collected vocabulary that they get from the English newspaper. Responses of the participants
were collected through email and social media. Based on responses recorded through a questionnaire
and vocabulary list, the results were compiled using statistical analysis. The study indicates that reading
English newspapers gradually improves the English vocabulary of the students. It gives another direction
to readers about vocabulary building. It analyze how newspaper play important role in vocabulary
building.
Keywords: EFL creative writing, Vivid setting, Plot development, Themes, Imagination

of 45
Project Success in the Construction Industry of Pakistan and the PRINCE
2 Perspective
Muhammad Muawwiz Zia1
, Muhammad Haris2
1
Be Positive Productions Pvt. Ltd, Chiniot, Pakistan. Email: muawwiz@bepositiveproductions.org
2
Rahi Homes, Pakistan. Email: harisrahi@hotmail.com
Abstract
The aim of this paper is to provide an insight into firstly, what are the different factors identified by the
PRINCE 2 methodology that contribute to the project success. Secondly, the paper also seeks to identify
how project success is measured by the practitioners working in the construction industry of Pakistan, like
the different factors that the construction companies keep in view to consider their projects successful.
Furthermore, the paper identifies the most common factor determined by the practitioners and the
unique factors identified by different companies and practitioners. Lastly, the paper also provides a
comparison of both what PRINCE 2 methodology suggests and what is generally happening in the
construction industry of Pakistan. The nature of this study is explorative and thus data were collected via
interviews. Around more than 20 companies were approached for interviews out of which 13 interviews
were conducted successfully.
Keywords: Project Success, PMI, Prince2

of 45
Economic Upgrading of Chickpea Value Chains in Punjab, Pakistan:
Challenges and Opportunities
Fakhar Hussain1
1
Be Positive productions, Chiniot, Pakistan; fakharmalik672@gmail.com
Abstract
Agriculture is a key sector of Pakistan economy. It contributes 19.2 percent to country’s GDP and provides
employment to around 38.5 percent of the labor force. Pulses are a high-quality source of proteins and
vitamins which are very important for human health. Chickpeas are high in essential vitamins including
riboflavin, niacin, thiamin, folate, and beta-carotene, which is a precursor to vitamin A. The agro-food
value chain encompasses all activities that occur at the farm or rural level and throughout the movement
of products from farm to consumer, such as input supply, management, storage, processing, packing,
supply and all the activities of products move through various stages. The purpose of this study is to
calculate the economic advantages of various stakeholders participating in the chickpea value chain, as
well as to identify challenges in and explore opportunities for upgrading the chickpea value chains in
Punjab Pakistan. The lack of awareness about value chain is a major issue in our country. Primary data
was collected from 100 value chain actors through well-designed and pre-tested questionnaires from
districts of Bhakkar and Layyah, Punjab. Collected data was analyzed by using appropriate statistical
technique and results are presented in the form of thesis. Calculated profitability of value chain actors.
Results indicated the involvement of each actor in chickpea value chains. Profit of grower per acre was
8924.69 PKR, profit of commission agent per mond was 89.2 PKR, profit of processor per mond was 273.71
PKR and retailers per mond was 1002.48 PKR respectively. Most of farmers had small landholdings. The
yield of chickpea can be maximized by providing the latest machinery and improved varieties of seeds.
The government must promote the use of modern irrigation technologies like artificial rain system and
sprinkler irrigation system to improve the productivity of chickpea crop.
Keywords: Agriculture GDP, Chickpeas, Value chain

of 45
Pakistan Relations with Afghanistan during Seventy-Five Years and
Analysis of Its Major Policy Formulations
Azmat Ullah1
1
Government College University Faisalabad (GCUF), Pakistan. Email: azmat.wzr@gmail.com
Abstract
The relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan never remained cordial despite being Muslim neighbours
and could not succeed in seventy-five years to mend differences due to the time old claims of Afghanistan
over the territories of Pakistan. Anew rival neighbour was not favourable to Pakistan on its western border
beside India on its eastern border. Subsequently, Pakistan formulated policies for countering Afghan
claims over the territories of Pakistan and for stopping India from instigating Afghans against it. Later on,
to this policy was added the support of its favourites among the Afghan Mujahedeen (Islamic holy
warriors) during the government of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto as to outweigh the nationalist Afghans which
continued till the emergence of the Taliban regime in Afghanistan. Then Pakistan dreamt of a friendly
Islamist Taliban government in Afghanistan and an access to the Central Asian Markets which proved
short-lived. The Taliban failed to bring peace to Afghanistan and caused apprehensions for regional and
foreign powers. Finally, America attacked Afghanistan and toppled the Taliban regime for hosting Al-
Qaeda and its leader, Osama bin Laden. Pakistan suddenly joined the American war against terrorism
under pressure but the successive Afghan governments remained suspicious of Pakistan for supporting
the Taliban. Although Pakistan suffered a lot in the war against terrorism and launched several operations
but it could not win the goodwill of Afghan government. However, America recognized Pakistan’s active
diplomacy and made it as a mediator in its talks with Taliban who soon recaptured government in Kabul.
The current research work endeavours to answer the question that what were the major policy
formulations of Pakistan towards Afghanistan during the seventy-five years of neighbourhood?
Keywords: Policy Formulations; Durand Line, Islamists, Central Asia, Taliban, War on Terror

of 45
Smart Blind Stick
Muhammad Abdullah Malik 1
1
IT department, University of Sargodha, Pakistan; malikmuhammadabdullahnasir@gmail.com
Abstract
The conventional stick does not help to locate the walls in the front or the potholes in the route. There is
a need to upgrade conventional stick using the technologies of today. Therefore, we aim to create a stick
that can help the blind people walk safely without fear of hitting others on the way or other solid objects.
The smart stick comes as a proposed solution to enable them to identify the world around, it is a tool for
helping blind people who are sightless to recognize their path. The stick was designed using tools from
Solid Jobs. Using Proteus tools to design and model electrical circuits, the electric circuit was simulated.
So, a solution, provide in the form of a smart stick with infrared sensor to detect stair-cases and pair of
ultrasonic sensors (To sense the depth below or the obstacles in there, it uses two HC SR 04 ultrasonic
sensors) to detect any other obstacles in front of the user, within a range of four meters. I used many
tools in this project tools like Ultra sonic sensor, IR sensor, day night sensor, water sensor, battery,
arduino, wires etc. Moreover, another sensor is placed at the bottom of the stick for the sake of avoiding
puddles. Speech warning messages and the vibration motor are activated when any obstacle is detected.
This proposed system uses the microcontroller embedded system, vibration motor. The stick is capable
of detecting all obstacles in the range 4 meter during 40 ms and gives a suitable respect message
empowering blind to move twice his normal speed because she/he feels safe. As a Bluetooth interface
among the device and the mobile, sheeld. Whenever there is some impediment in front. The range from
the barrier is detected by the sensor and sent to the controller. The smart stick is of low cost, fast
response, low power consumption, and light weight.
Keywords: Stick, Blind Stick, Smart Blind Stick

of 45
Power System Operation through Energy Management
Dr. Abdul Rauf Bhatti1
1
Director ORIC (Office of Research, Innovation and Commercialization), Associate Professor/
Chairman, Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology, Government College University
Faisalabad, Pakistan
Abstract
Electrical energy management means optimizing of energy usage to increase profit and hence improve
the economic growth. Thus, energy must be utilized optimally, economically, and efficiently with possibly
reduced wastage. Experimental research shows that about 30% energy was saved by providing awareness
to the people about energy saving, but this saving was reduced to about 4% after one month.
Alternatively, there is a need to develop energy management scheme which is to develop a policy for
more efficient use of energy by defining the power delivery sequences for each source of the system to
achieve required objectives under the defined limitations. This presentation will mainly cover the topics
like Energy Management in Simple Power system, Photovoltaic energy source, Complication of Power
System Operation, Energy Management in Complex System, Energy Management Schemes in specific
electric power System, Applied Algorithms in Electrical Energy Management, a Case Study and lastly the
Conclusions.
Keywords: Power system, Power System operation, energy, energy management

of 45
Online Presentation

of 45
Comparison Between the Various Optimal Trajectories in (3-D) and
Their Effect on Control Effort of a Quadrotor UAV
Muhammad Yasin Mohsin1
, Sohaib Tahir2
, Muhammad Yousif3
, Ghulam Farid4
, Waqar Tahir5
, Waqas
Ahmad Wattoo6
1
USPCAS-E National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan.
Email:muhammadyasinmohsin806@gmail.com;
2
Comsats University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Pakistan; Email: sohaibtahir@cuisahiwal.edu.pk
3
USPCAS-E National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, Pakistan. Email:
yousif@uspcase.nust.edu.pk
4
Comsats University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Pakistan. Email: gfarid@cuisahiwal.edu.pk
5
Comsats University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Pakistan. Email: waqarntahir@cuisahiwal.edu.pk
6
Comsats University Islamabad Sahiwal Campus Pakistan. Email: waqqas@cuisahiwal.edu.pk
Abstract
In this work, Newton’s land Euler’s law is used for the development and the study of the various
trajectories of the quadrotor. This study discussed the four orbits of the quadrotor each of them is
characterized as Snap, Jerk, Acceleration, and Velocity orbits. The linearized model of the unmanned aerial
vehicles (UAV) is surveyed, and the results of the different orbital positions are examined. A proportional
differential integral (PID) controller or a linear quadratic controller is designed for the study of the various
orbital positions of the quadrotor. In the first part, the mathematical model is discussed which is used for
the development of the model. The fundamental entity which is generally characterized as the degree of
freedom and is abbreviated as the DOF is also discussed.
Keywords: Proportional differential integral, unmanned aerial vehicles, Degree of freedom, Trajectories

of 45
Optimal Scheduling and Management of Loads in Transactive Home
Energy Management System
Rabbiya Rehman Gul1
, Hassan Abdullah Khalid2
, Saqib Suleman Balouch3
, Muhammad Yasin Mohsin4
,
Hassan Farooq5
, Syed Ali Abbas Kazmi6
1 Electrical Power Engineering USPCAS-E, National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST),
Islamabad, Pakistan; Email: rabbyarehman@yahoo.com;
Islamabad, Pakistan; Email: hakhalid@uspcase.nust.edu.pk
3 Executive Engineer Multan Electric Power Supply Company Pakistan; saqibsuleman@gmail.com
Islamabad, Pakistan; Email: muhammadyasinmohsin806@gmail.com
Islamabad, Pakistan; Email: Farooqhasaan@gmail.com;
Islamabad, Pakistan; Email: saakazmi@uspcase.nust.edu.pk
Abstract
Optimization algorithms have been successfully used in maintaining the needs of the demand side
management. Demand Side Management (DSM) is one of the important phenomena in Smart Grid and
Transactive Energy Management systems which allows users to optimally schedule the operation of their
residential appliances to maximize the cost benefits. In this article, a mathematical algorithm for the
optimal scheduling of residential appliances is implemented. The proposed algorithm takes in the
appliance’s power rating data, working hours, and time of use tariff as input. The operation of appliances
was divided into 24 hours consisting of 144 slots where one slot equals 10 minutes. The operation of
appliances was shifted from peak hours to off-peak hours based on the priority level of each appliance
and the cost of electricity in the respective slots. This system also calculates the bill at the customer end.
The proposed mathematical model can reduce costs up to $0.36 per day in electricity bills for the same
amount of energy consumed before the implementation of the algorithm
Keywords: Time of use Tariff, Transactive Home Energy Management System (THEMS), Load Shifting
Algorithm, Energy Management, Demand Side Management, Home energy management system

of 45
Respected Participants
Dr. Naveed
Hussain
Muqaddas
Javeed
Shoaiba Javid Ali Hamza Khatija Faiz Zaira Jhan khadijasadique
Mr. Khurrem
Shehzad
ZeenatShahzadi Momina
Shahzadi
M. Usman
Zafar
M. Soban Habib Shahnoor Habib Anisha Arif
Dr. Madiha
Ghamkhar
Maryam Javed SundasAzhar M. Bilal Amna Qamar Attique Sher
Bhatti
Esha Riaz
Muhammad
Umar Sharif
Mafia Bibi Aqsa Riast M. Arbaz Haseeb Ur
Rahman
Noor ul Huda Hamna
Kamran
Maham Shahid Atiqa Nawaz Amna Wahid M. Bilal Amna Noor Muhammad
Taqi
Mahnoor Afzal
Faiza Akbar Azmat Liaqat Ayesha
Younis
Amina
Khalid
Tanzeela Naz Qazi
Muhammad
Abuzar Iqbal
Alisha Noor
Iram Siddique Mahim Noor Jeveria Adan Ahsan Siddiqa M Hassan Ume Ayesha
Noori Saba Farah Basharat Zeenat
Abbas
Abdul
Samad
M.Ud Din
Alia Naveed Rida Zia Esha Riaz
Jannat Bazal Iftikhar Zainab Khalid M. Asif Arslan Munir Sana Tariq Huma Sadia
Muhammad
Usman
Afsah Farooq Hina Parveen M. Noman M. Yousaf Muhammad
Arshad Rasheed
Amna Ijaz
Muhammad
Muzammal
Riffat Shabbir Farah Rasool Imama
Chauhdary
Hafiz.
Khansamuqadas
Ayesha Anayt Ifra Waheed
Maham Hafsa Arshad Sitara Ajmal M. Zeeshan Kainat Jameel Asveera Zahoor Robina
Sikandar
Urooj Hanif Nimra Khalid
Hiba Faisal
Sadaf Fatima M. Asif Aqdas Shahbaz Iram Nosheen
Nazeer
Afia Amjad Saira Qayum Shagufta
Razzaq
Sania Sultan M. Saad
Hameed
Bareera
Raheeem
Arooj Fatima
Maria Arshad Tehreem Iqbal Muhammad
Sajad
Namra
Naeem
Nimra Riaz Mahnoor
Shafique
Eman Fatima
Muhammad
Bilal
Aqsa Afzal Hamna
Shahzadi
Emaan
Fatima
Arisha Imaan Sajid Ali Bismil Nadra Sultan
Esha Tariq Faiza Mehmood Haleema
Sadia
Saira Noor Samiullah Maryam Kashif Fakhira Ghazal
Hira Shafique
Alvi
Saba zulfiqar M.Shahid
Shafique
M. Arsalan s
Shoukat
Horrain Fatima Khatija Sadique Iqra Iftikhar
Madiha Ifrah Javed M.Awais
Amin
Sara Riaz Saba Bibi Ayesha Batool Tehzib Zahra
Aimen Asim Faiqa t
Tabasum
Kainat Munir Afia Basheer Ghulam Rasool Asia Saif Inshal Zahra
Nida Irshad Burhan Ellahi Aroma
Mustafa
Bismatir
Raza
Sehar Munawar Shumaila
Waseem
Alisha Noor

of 45
Aliza
Mehmood
Sadia Arooj Ayesha
Sadique
Hira
Mehbub
Shahid Aziz Ayesha Qudos Eisha Riaz
Khansa Hanif Muhammad
Mujtaba
M.Saqlain
Akmal
Talha Zubaria Muniba Ikram Shazia Zulfiqar
Memoona Arif Sadaf Ihsan Muhamad
Imran
Imaan Areeha Hassan Narjis Fatima
Sidra Asif
Student
Farah Naz Eisha Javed Sabra Sir Waseem Farina
Amama Akhlaq Sadia Arooj M.Ifan Muniba PRINCIPAL
CHANAB
COLLEGE
Muskan Arshaad
Mishal Khan Umme Aymen
Walayait
Sana Irshad Zarwa Ali Iman Munir
Fatima Bibi Kaynat M. Moaz
Safdar
Aiman Kamran Haiser Allah Maafi
Sinha Latif Sidra Ilyas Nabeela Saman Naz M. Farhsan Chanda javed
Ansa Sharif Tarfa Mubeen Sabuha
Fatima
Ayima Iqbal Farza Ahmad Muhammad
Taqi
Muhammad
Nadeem
Sana Yaseen Ayesha Arooj Maryam
Farid
Allah Ditta Sana javed
Zeshan Haider Afifa Sahar Hamdan
Manzoor
Muzammil
Hussain
Sana Ali Muniba Ikram
Nimra Perveen Muqaddas
Javeed
Toba Zaaka Abdullah
Tariq
Warisha Ifra Naeem

of 45
We (IJSmart Publishing Company® & AWMEC’22) would like to express our gratitude to GC university for their
collaboration. We would like to thank all members of different committees for their efforts before and during the
conference and all members of Committee for their hard work in providing reviews in timely manner. Special thanks
also to all our Organizers, Collaborators and sponsors:
• Be positive productions
• Yungus Studio
• GC university Faisalabad
• Healthcare Department Chiniot
• Education Department Chiniot
• Love Bites Restaurant
• Aromatic Mineral Water
All World Muslim Educational Conference 2022 (AWMEC’22)
21st
September 2022
https://ijsmartpublishing.com/awmec/
Contacts:
Ms. Saba Malik saba@ijsmartpublishing.com
infoawmec@gmail.com
awmec@ijsmartpublishing.com

of 45
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