Pharmaceutical technology chapter

2. ➢What is drug delivery?
Drug delivery is as a method or a process of administering or delivering a
pharmaceutical compound in systemic circulation to achieve its therapeutic
effect in humans or in animals.
➢Types of Drug Delivery System
• Conventional/Traditional Drug Delivery System
• Novel Drug Delivery System
➢ Conventional/Traditional Drug Delivery System
Conventional drug delivery systems (tablets, capsules, syrups, ointments, etc.) suffer from
poor bioavailability and fluctuations in plasma drug level and are unable to achieve
sustained release.

3. ➢ Why do we need NDDS?
• Patients compliance.
• The conventional dosage forms provide drug release immediately and it
causes fluctuation of drug level in blood depending upon dosage form.
• Therefore to maintain the drug concentration within therapeutically
effective range need novel drug delivery system.
➢ What is NDDS ?
A Novel Drug Delivery System (NDDS) can be defined as a new approach
that combines innovative development, formulations, new technologies, novel
methodologies for delivering pharmaceutical compounds in the body as
needed to safely achieve its desired pharmacological effects.

4. ➢NDDS is a system for delivery of drug other than conventional drug
delivery system. NDDS is a combination of advance technique and new
dosage forms which are far better than conventional dosage forms.
➢ TheAIM
• NDDS is to provide a therapeutic amount of drug to the appropriate site in
the body to accomplish promptly and then maintain the desired drug
concentration.
• For drug to reach the targeted site with little or no side effects.
• To minimize drug degradation and loss.
• To increase bioavailability of the drug.

5. Classification of NDDS
➢ By Mode Of NDDS
• Targeted drug delivery system.
• Sustained release drug delivery system.
• Controlled release drug delivery system.
➢ By Route OfAdministration
• Oral drug delivery system.
• Nasopulmonary drug delivery system.
• Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery System
• Implatable drug delivery system.
• Others.

6. ➢ Targeted Drug Delivery System
Targeted drug delivery, sometimes called smart drug delivery, is a method of
delivering medication to a patient in a manner that increases the concentration
of the medication in some parts of the body relative to others, By route of
implant.

7. ➢ Sustained Release Drug Delivery System
Drug Delivery system that are designed to achieve prolonged therapeutic effect
by continuously releasing medication over an extended period of time after
administration of single dose.” The basic goal of therapy is to achieve steady
state blood level that is therapeutically effective and non toxic for an extended
period of time.

8. ➢ Controlled Release Drug Delivery System
Controlled release are drug delivery system which maintain constant level
of drug in blood and tissue for extended period of time. It impliesA
predictability and reproducibility in drug release kinetics.

9. ➢ Oral Drug Delivery System
The oral drug delivery method is a favorable route for the administration of
the drug, leading to increased treatment efficacy and patient compliance and
reducing drug administration frequency.

10. ➢Nasopulmonary drug delivery system
Pulmonary drug delivery is a route of administration in which patients use
an inhaler to inhale their medications and drugs are absorbed into the
bloodstream via the lung mucous membrane.

11. ➢ Implantable drug delivery systems
Implantable drug delivery systems are bioengineering devices surgically
placed inside the patient's tissues to avoid first-pass metabolism and
reduce the systemic toxicity of the drug by eluting the therapeutic payload
in the vicinity of the target tissues.

12. ➢ Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery System
Mucoadhesion is commonly defined as the adhesion between two materials,
at least one of which is a mucosal surface.
Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems prolong the residence time of the
dosage form at the site of application or absorption.

13. ➢ Advantage
• Improve patient compliance
• Accurate dosing.
• Enhanced efficacy and safety
• Decreased toxicity/side effects
• Controlled delivery by maintaining desired drug concentration and
contralled rate.
• Beneficial to patients with improved comfort and standard of living.
• Reduction in drug accumulation with chronic therapy
➢ Disadvantages
• Less patients compliance.
• Repeated dosage is necessary.
• Large amount of drug deliver.

14. ➢ Challenge of novel drug delivery systems (NDDS)
• To identify problems involved and overcoming challenges in the
delivery of poorly soluble drugs.
• To identify novel approaches in the delivery of poorly soluble
drugs.
• How to overcome bioavailability hurdles for poorly soluble
clinical candidates.
• Overcoming challenges in protein drug delivery.
• Challenges in pediatric and geriatric drug delivery.