2. INTRODUCTION-
Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology is a revolutionary concept that allows the
transfer of electrical power without the need for physical connections or wires. It
enables the transmission of power from a power source to a device or system
wirelessly, using various techniques such as magnetic resonance, electromagnetic
induction, or radio frequency energy. WPT offers convenience, flexibility, and
enhanced user experiences by eliminating the need for traditional power cords and
enabling seamless integration of power transfer into everyday objects and
environments. This technology finds applications in diverse fields, including
consumer electronics, electric vehicles, medical devices, industrial automation, smart
homes, and infrastructure systems. WPT has the potential to reshape industries,
improve energy efficiency, and contribute to a more sustainable future by reducing
reliance on traditional power sources and enabling wireless power delivery to a wide
range of devices and applications.
3. NEED FOR WPS-
Convenience and Flexibility: WPT provides a convenient and flexible
solution for powering and charging devices. It eliminates the need for
physical connectors and cords, allowing for easy placement and
mobility of devices.
Safety and Durability: WPT eliminates the need for physical connectors,
reducing the risk of accidents, and increasing the durability of devices.
Increasing Power Demand: WPT can deliver sufficient power to meet
the increasing energy demands of modern devices.
Environmental Impact: WPT can be integrated with renewable energy
sources, enabling sustainable and eco-friendly power transfer.
Industrial Automation and IoT: WPT enables wireless power supply to
sensors, actuators, and IoT devices in industrial automation systems.
This eliminates the need for frequent battery replacements, reduces
maintenance efforts, and enhances productivity in industries.
4. WORKING
Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) technology operates on the principle of electromagnetic
induction or magnetic resonance coupling to transfer electrical energy wirelessly from a
power source to a device or system. Here's a general overview of the working of WPT:
Power Source: The WPT system consists of a power source, typically an AC power supply
or a battery, which converts electrical energy into an oscillating current or voltage.
Transmitter Coil: The power source is connected to a transmitter coil, also known as the
primary coil. The transmitter coil is designed to generate a changing magnetic field when
current flows through it.
Receiver Coil: The device or system to be powered wirelessly is equipped with a receiver
coil, also known as the secondary coil. The receiver coil is designed to capture the magnetic
field generated by the transmitter coil.
5. Inductive Coupling: When the transmitter coil generates a changing magnetic field, it induces
a corresponding alternating current in the receiver coil through electromagnetic induction. The
receiver coil acts as an antenna, capturing the energy from the magnetic field.
Power Conversion: The alternating current induced in the receiver coil is then converted back
into electrical energy using a rectifier and power conditioning circuitry.
Power Utilization: The converted electrical energy is then used to power the device or charge
the battery of the system wirelessly. The device or system can be located in close proximity to
the transmitter coil or at a specific distance.
It's important to note that the specific design and technology used in WPT systems may vary
depending on the application and requirements.
Overall, the working of WPT involves the generation of a changing magnetic field by the
transmitter coil, the capture of this field by the receiver coil through electromagnetic induction,
and the subsequent conversion and utilization of the received electrical energy to power or
charge devices wirelessly.
7. FUTURE OF WPS
Advancements in Resonant Coupling: Resonant coupling, such as magnetic resonance coupling, has shown potential for
efficient WPT over longer distances. Future developments will contribute to the growth and adoption of WPT technology.
Miniaturization and Integration in Small Devices: As WPT technology advances, it is expected to become smaller and more
compact. This will enable its integration into small devices and wearable electronics, eliminating the need for batteries or
frequent charging through physical connectors.
Integration with Renewable Energy Sources: WPT technology can be integrated with renewable energy sources, such as
solar or wind power, to enable sustainable and eco-friendly wireless charging solutions. This integration would contribute to
reducing reliance on traditional power sources and promoting green energy practices.
Medical and Biomedical Applications: WPT has significant potential in medical and biomedical fields, enabling wireless
powering and charging of implantable devices, medical sensors, and other healthcare devices.
Integration in Space and Satellite Systems: WPT technology can find applications in space missions and satellite systems,
where wireless power transfer eliminates the need for physical connectors and enables efficient power delivery in harsh
environments.
8. Increased Efficiency: Researchers and engineers are continuously working on improving the efficiency of
WPT systems. Efforts are being made to minimize energy losses during transmission, increase power transfer
distances, and optimize the conversion and utilization of the received power.
Extended Range and Mobility: Future WPT systems aim to increase the power transfer range and enable
charging or powering of devices over longer distances.
Standardization and Interoperability: Standardization efforts are ongoing to ensure interoperability and
seamless integration of WPT into various industries and applications.
Integration with Smart Infrastructure: WPT technology is expected to be integrated into smart infrastructure,
including smart homes, smart cities, and IoT ecosystems. This integration would enable seamless power
transfer capabilities in everyday objects and environments
9. Real Life Examples
One real-life example of wireless power transfer technology is the Qi wireless charging standard commonly
used in smartphones and other electronic devices. The Qi standard, developed by the Wireless Power
Consortium (WPC), enables wireless charging by using inductive coupling.
With Qi wireless charging, users can simply place their compatible devices, such as smartphones or
smartwatches, on a Qi-enabled charging pad or dock. The charging pad contains a transmitter coil, while the
device has a receiver coil. When the device is placed on the pad, the transmitter coil generates a magnetic
field, which induces a current in the receiver coil of the device. This current is then converted back into
electrical energy to charge the device's battery.
