The document discusses a personal experience giving an informative speech in a Communication Arts 101 class where the author identifies two weaknesses in their speech: reading note cards verbatim which caused a lack of fluency, and not commanding the material well which resulted in less eye contact with the audience. The author plans to improve by practicing their speech more to rely less on note cards and engage their audience through gestures and eye contact during their revised speech.
More than Just Lines on a Map: Best Practices for U.S Bike Routes
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Essay About Everyone Deserves A Second Chance
1. Essay about Everyone Deserves a Second Chance
Attending Samford University as a freshman, I was more than positive that all of my classes would be boring until I enrolled in Communication Arts
101. Communication Arts is a class required for all freshmen to take and it helps develop writing and speaking skills that will empower us as students.
Traditionally, college professors will ask their students to write an essay and move on to the next assignment. In contrast,Samford University
incorporates formal speeches into the curriculum to help students vocally express their research and thoughts. Our class was recently assigned to
deliver an Informative speech, which is a major portion of our grade. My speech received a fairly good grade; however, there are some aspects of my
speech that...show more content...
The second weakness I observed in my Informative speech was my lack of commanding the material. While I was delivering my speech, I
continuously read my notes cards verbatim instead of paraphrasing my information to make my speech sound fluent. There were many accounts where
I constantly made this mistake of reading my note cards verbatim. For instance, this occurred when I alleged, "Social Media Networking is the process
in which society use social media to promote businesses and communicate with friends and family." When I read this statement from my note cards
verbatim, it showed my audience my lack of mastery over the material. The audience may become uninterested and unreceptive when the presenter
reads from their notes too often. This weakness can also cause the presenter to makes less eyeācontact with the audience. Even though my eyeācontact
was decent throughout the speech, I continuously stared at my note cards which caused the attention of my audience to drift away. In order for this
not to reoccur, I simply need to practice more. I know this may sound broad, but the more I practice my speech the less I will depend on my note cards
to get me through the presentation. Henceforth, I stood in the mirror for numerous hours imagining the mirror was my audience. I envisioned my
classmates in front of me as I assimilated gestures and constant eyeācontact to engage my audience. When I deliver my Revision speech, my audience
will
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2. I was born in Mexico where I lived for 10 years and at that age I moved to the US. I didn't speak English at all and also, didn't know anyone in this
foreign country. I was constantly bullied at middle school because I didn't know the language very well and had an accent when I spoke. At that
moment I vowed to myself to work hard everyday and never let anyone bring me down. I started reading out loud in my room, learning how to
pronounce words and finding the definitions to everything I was reading. I was also, placed in a class for English as a Second Language and was
enrolled in this course for my first two years during middle school. In 8th grade I was able to transfer out of this class into a regular English class. I got
an award for English
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3. Second Person Narrative
The first couple steps were bumpy, my trembling feet vibrating against the crackling floor. The door swings open as I go to knock creating a loud
screeching noise. As I walk into the unfamiliar home, I become more aware of the man I'm about to meet. I travel further into his world and can
hear the noise coming from under my feet. I get closer and closer until I find it, the crooked door where he told me to meet him. As the stairs appears
from the darkness, my path becomes lighted ahead of me. The shady man sitting on his spinning stool, saying "come in, come in." The rumbling of the
drums coming clear to a stop. though the air speaking a language I have yet to understand. However, his heart and soul still playing to the beat of the
music,...show more content...
I ask him why? He explains how lucky we are to be who we are, and how we don't have an everyday struggle like the kids do he sees everyday. It
was just heartbreaking to see the trouble they go through as young little kids. As I become more in tune in what he is putting out there, I am able
to understand the message he is passing onto me. It's not all about the work, it's not all about the money, but surely, it's about helping people who
need help. The more he talks the more I feel the sorrow that drifts into his heart from the kids who surround him. Some not being able to talk or
walk, and some not being able to function without someone's help. "The most self rewarding jobs we do as a company is when we do charity work
for Zoe's Race. We have supported this foundation for over five years, donating to people who have children with disabilities." Chic and his crew
remodel homes and make them handicap accessible for these children, making it easier for them and their
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4. Imagery And Second Person Imagery
People have various reasons and emotions that prompt them to carry out an event in a certain way. First Person Imagery and Third Person
Imagery are the two ways that determine how a person will act. The idea of the use of various imagery perspectives can affect memory and
emotions can cause a person to react. "Third person imagery tends to understand behavior as a function of the actor's disposition, whereas actors tend
to understand their behavior as a function of the situation (Libby et al., 2007). This imagery perspective allows a person to understand the purpose,
reasoning, and the effects of making a decision. For example, a person is using third person imagery when making an important decision, such as
voting or picking a career. Social judgement and character are the factors that help people decide whether their decision will be one way or another.
First person imagery perspective allows people to carry out an action or event without much influence on emotions and social judgement. This
perspective offers the chance for people to analyze and use their emotions can occur when making a decision (Holmes et al., 2008). The emotions that
initially in making a decision comes out first, not the influences of other plus your emotions. For instance, a person has their feelings towards war, the
environment, and politics. In first person perspective, people have the chance to only express their emotion towards various situations. Using third
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5. Personal Narrative: The Second Sibling
The second sibling was born January twentyāthird of 1988. 28 years later, he has graduated from high school, attempted college, and is married.
Currently and still resides in El Paso, Tx with his family too. As he and his wife, moved out of their households to live with one another, as he and
wife moved back in with our parents. They moved in not only because of financial reasons, but because our mom is doing well and is getting
weaker. He has advanced himself, due to the fact that he started at an entry level position at his work and is not the head manager. As higher
authorities have been sending him to major conferences in a couple of states around Texas. However, he has been really engaged with our mom, as I
believe he still resides in
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6. My Experience With Second Language Learners
English is my primary language, and I would like to think that I have mastered the English language. However who ever ends up reading this journal
entry might think differently. It did take me twenty plus years to get to become a proficient reader, writer, and speaker in this language. Do to my
experiences with learning the English language, I do show empathy to ELL's students. Not only are they learning a new language; they must also use
this new language to comprehend and learn academic areas such as science, math, and social studies. I am fairly new to academia as an educator, so
my experience with second language learners in the classroom is limited. I would be lying if I said I did not struggle with instructing and
communicating with ELL's students. What I have found is that ELL's students are far better at communicating with me that I am with them. However,
the more time that I spend in the classroom, I have found ways to over come this communication barrier. By just differentiating how I communicate
and using universal signs or signals has helped. Using drawings and other students in the classroom has gotten me a long way. Still, I am a work in
progress when it comes to working with language learners. Outside the classroom, by exposure to second language learners is far greater. What I have
notice from my travel around the world is English is an international language. Majority of people outside the United States speaks a limited amount
English, some better than
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7. My Reflections
My reflections towards second language acquisition has a sweet and sour experience. My very first experience was when I was doing some
volunteering work in my children's elementary school in the school's office doing easy tasks like making copies for the teachers and putting them in
their boxes while my boys were in class there I meet this secretary a very nice lady who helped me a lot, she gave me a very thick Spanish/English
dictionary to help my kids translating their homework, teaching them new vocabulary following their teachers advice, and guiding them to pick up
English effectively from there I was taking academic English classes in an adult education program. Simultaneously, I was in a nursing assistant
program in...show more content...
For me that was my dream come true even in the most stressful situations when the doctors were calling from the operating room asking to add on a
lab test to patient's blood we had in the laboratory already. There were times where I was about to give up and thinking I'm not going back to work
the following day, but there I was back in the laboratory ready to work. I also used to work with the laboratory supervisor on certain days and she
was praising me and telling me the difference when I first started to work with them and that I mastered all the laboratory protocols and
procedures. I was and always will be grateful with them because they believed in me and for the opportunity they give me. I am also proud of
myself because in despite of my English limitation I was standing up there and able to do the work. On the other hand, I believe because I'm not a
talkative person English has been a big challenge, but I believe in myself and I know that one way or another I will find the way to reach the
desired level I need to reach a higher level. In the meantime I will be working until I reach my goals. .In addition during this certification program so
far I have learned a lot I believe what I need is just to have more English conversations to achieve
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8. Second language acquisition is a process whereby people learn an additional language on top of their native ones. Learning a second language can be
functional to oneself especially when communicating with a person whom you do not have a common language with. In acquiring the second
language, there will be difficulties that one might face as compared to acquiring the first language, which makes it harder to acquire. Our mother tongue
is easier to learn as we would have been brought up by our parents or grandparents that speak the language. Learning a second language can be difficult
as we are not brought up for that language and would not know the basis of it. Some factors that makes it hard is the age of the learner, experience, the
cognitive...show more content...
This refers to the way the learner understands, analyze and interpret the information he/she accumulates. Without proper understanding, the language
can be misused and might lead to social arguments. In cognitive style, there are two different types that plays a part ā Field independence and Field
dependence. Field independence is whereby the learner analyzes the information and branching out the most relevant to the irrelevant information that
helps his or her study of the language. Field dependence on the other hand is the opposite whereby the learner takes into account all the information
without highlighting the key points. It is important for earners to adopt cognitive styles to ensure that they have understood the language thoroughly so
as to not make any mistakes while communicating. The best style to adopt would be the Field Independence. By noting down the specific points, a
learner can better understand the use of the language appropriately. (Parker & Riley, 2010, p. 95) In firstlanguage acquisition, as a child, they will go
through the different stages of acquiring their first language for example, acquisition of phonology. Through this, he/she can learn how and why a
certain word is pronounced in such a way. Acquiring this while at a young age can help them speak the language fluently and with the right tone. If
this stage is being followed during the acquisition of the second language, the learner can better understand how the language is truly spoken. (Parker
& Riley, 2010, p.
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9. Personal Second Language Acquisition Theory Research Paper
Thesis and Introduction Many popular theories of second language acquisition have been analyzed throughout history. The socialization of L2 learners,
their present emotional state that is present at the time of acquisition, as well as the comprehensible input and output with the use of scaffolding play a
major role in second language acquisition. Kirsten Hummel states, "The one most effective way to increase L2 competence was by exposure to
'comprehensible input'." (Hummel, 2014, p. 73) Let us also not forget the importance of written expression as well as reading comprehension with
these L2 learners. Each plays a role in language development. However, I believe that to acquire language one must use a variety of techniques that
work together to create a balance within the learning environment. Furthermore, all L2 learners acquire language differently and so using a variety of
resources that are based on the ability of each student is neccesary. There are many theories that have been developed by highly qualified experts in the
field of linguistics. However, I will address those areas that I agree with as I present my personal theories on second language acquisition.
Description and Explanation of Personal SLA Theory Many second language acquisition theories have been developed over the years. These theories
examine the avenues in which second language is acquired and the avenues in which they are
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10. Essay On Second Language Learning
Second Language Acquiring Second Language learning process will start after learning the first language or native language. It involves a special
purpose or some cause. For example in India people acquire English after the native language as it involves day to day communication also. And some
people learn French or Latin in order to survive France or Latin American Countries. Second language learning may or may not involve class room
instructions. Both are not one and same. Learning of second language process is different from learning Foreign Language. Second language learning
process involves the learning of nonānative language by the aid of nonānative language speakers. In contrast, learning of Foreign Language learning
involves the learning process in the environment of native language. The learning of First Language differs from others as a child is exposed to
language rich environment over the many years. The richness of...show more content...
Syntax is the rules that govern the word order in sentences. Knowing the syntax will allow the individual to produce infinite number of sentences with
correctness and comprehensibility.
Morphology studies the word formation. Morphemes represent the minimal meaning of a word.
Semantics is the meaning of words. It includes word formation, meanings and combination of words.
Pragmatics is the way of language used in the context.
The skills of above varies from a mature speaker to novice speaker.
Models for acquiring Second Language Learning
a.Universal Grammar Model
b.Competition Model and
c.Monitor Model
Universal Grammar Model: Principles, conditions and properties of all human languages. Second Language Learners will base their language learning
through the elements common to all languages. Different languages have various set of rules. Second language learners will base their second language
acquisition on universal Grammar
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11. Second Grade-Personal Narrative
It was second grade,I remember it like it was yesterday. The worst day of second grade. The day started out just fine with me eating
breakfast,starting with oatmeal and a glass of milk. I rode the bus and my stomach started to rumble and I was feeling weird. It went away after a
little while. When lunch rolled around things started to change. I sat there in the lunchroom with my best friend at the time Justin. We ate beef
nachos and talked until lunch was over and we were called to the gym. There we played dodge ball which I was pretty good at but that day I was
doing terrible I tried so hard but I got hit 4 times in the stomach. I hurt, it felt like I had got punched In the stomach. I felt sick and ready to throw up. I
came
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12. Personal Narrative: Second Man
My father and I sat down in the car to go back home from getting a haircut. We almost left the parking lot before we noticed two grown men running
through the parking lot; One man was chasing the other man for some reason. The first man ran away into the nearby neighborhood and escape the
clutches of second man. My father, a recently new police officer, decided to find out the problem from the second man. The second man explained to
my father that the first man had stolen his car keys from him and ran away. My father heard this and his instinct was to go find that man and take the
keys and return them to the rightful owner, so my father and I drove in the car to the neighborhood the first man ran towards to try and find him. I
became exhilarated
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13. The love for a better place for their children to learn and grow, drove my parents to move my siblings and me from Nigeria to America. The
adjustment to a new community and culture along with the: education system, government, currency, social norms, and language were difficult for
my family to adjust to. In elementary school, I found it difficult to communicate with other students; I tried speaking to them the way the people on
old tv shows spoke, but they did not "catch my drift". As I got more acquainted with the language I began joining clubs and playing sports. I was not
placed in an ESL, English as a Second Language, program because I knew just enough English to barely pass tests. I was unable to keep up with the
language and vocabulary...show more content...
I became well acquainted with the language with the help of the people around me. My parents did not understand how this new country worked; they
had an onerous time finding jobs. My mother started going to school to help her better understand the culture around her. She wanted us to become true
Americans, so she sought out to obtain citizenship for the family; at that time there were only five people in the family. In the cafeteria I was afraid of
eating in front of the other students because they thought my looked weird or gross. Oldest child, setting an example for younger siblings. As the
first child I strive to set an example for my siblings. I have tried my best to set forth example for my siblings to follow. The transition from a
Nigerian Catholic church to an American Catholic church was not difficult, but interesting, I have heard and seen the same prayers performed in
different ways. My family still found a church family that keeps us grounded and has helped us through trying times. Though we are now American
citizens, my mother does not want us to lose our culture and forget where we came from. We still keep up with the latest, music, movies and news; my
siblings and I still play Nigerian games such as Ludo and Ayo, which Americans call
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14. Language carries the beauty and persona of our thought process and the study of Linguistics helps us develop insights, appreciate and analyze many
aspects of this powerful medium of expression. My fascination with Second Language Acquisition (SLA) began with the course 'Language Acquisition
and Learning' that I took while I was in the 4th year of my undergraduate program at the University of Dhaka. In that course, for the first time, I was
introduced to various theories and hypotheses about how people acquire a second language, such as Stephen Krashen's five main hypotheses on
language acquisition (the acquisitionālearning hypothesis, the monitor hypothesis, the natural order hypothesis, the input hypothesis, and the affective
filter hypothesis), Larry Selinker's Interlanguage theory, John Schumann's Acculturation model, and Howard Giles's Accommodation theory. These
theories helped me realize the robustness and richness of SLA research and made a permanent impression on my mind about this field. Besides SLA, I
was also acquainted with Psycholinguistics through this course. I have learned about several theories of first language acquisition, e.g. the Behaviorist
theory, the Innatist theory, the Cognitive theory, and the Maturational theory. It is worth mentioning here that this course really helped me set my
dream to become an academic as well as a researcher in the field of language acquisition and learning. With this growing interest in Linguistics, I chose
Applied
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15. Personal Narrative: Growing My Second Language
Growing My Second Tongue English is not my first language but I wish I would've started learning English at a younger age. I have studied English
in both reading and writing throughout my high school. However, the education system in South Korea does not fully encourage students to learn
second languages, but the system is more focused on mathematics. For this reason, there were less hour of English classes per week compared to
math. First, when I was in the high school, I did not feel comfortable using English and thought that English was not important for me living in
Korea. At that point, I never worried about my English skill. Until I decided to take an English proficiency test. To prepare I bought some English
books from South Korea. Also, I used my pocket money for internet lectures. When I went to my English academy school for the first time, it was
very difficult for me. I did not understand the contents. For example, usual students had to memorize the vocabularies, but I did not know a lot of
vocabularies in English, so I memorized it like a machine to catch up. Accordingly, I had looking for the other way to study. After that, I found another
way that was watch movies and listen to music. Nevertheless, I had another problem that I didn't have anyone to practice English...show more content...
I decided to take a proficiency test to see where my English level was. After I got the test result, I started to realize that I should focus more on my
English ability. So I entered an after school English academy. And it opened the whole new world to me with their new style of teaching. At that time,
I felt like everything I see is different. However, I found it boring to study just from the textbook in academy. At first it was difficult for me to
understand, so I use a lot of dictionary and a lot translation. But, I still could not understand and it took practice and memorizing
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16. Personal Narrative: The Second Degree Hand
I call it "The second degree hand"
It was around 1:30ish in the morning, in the middle of January. In spite of the sultry weather, out on the backyard patio, having a late night snack,
sitting around on wild country outdoor chairs, for almost an hour. We would discuss how our day had gone, talked about matters which concerned us,
and made future family plans. Conversation was spontaneous and unpredictable, although negative topics were discouraged since they might impair
our appetites. Discussion between bites are fun, and often interspersed with fits of giggling with my sister, Vivian, about my father's constant
chagrin. On the left side of the backyard, off in the bushes, surrendered by flowers, was a charcoal barbeque. Next to it, my brother was bending
down, that his elbows could touch his knees, preparing the charcoal in the chimney starter for my Dad's glossy silver hookah. I always had that
feeling that he was my father's favorite kid. Obviously because, he's more like Dad than any of us, and they both extremely practical, like father, like
son....show more content...
A gentle breeze touched the warmth of my cheeks, sparks were flying, as the fire fanned by the breeze, and was rapidly spreading. A temporary
sensation entered my mind, as if a breeze ruffled through my thoughts. I remember visiting my grandparents over the summer, strolling along the
majestically beautiful golden wheat field of the twelveāmile old dirt road leading to my grandparents' house. My grandparent's property was quite
interesting. The house was a limestone structure with a front yard. The grape tree grew around the foundation, anchoring itself onto the pergola, it sort
of wild on the top of the
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17. Second Semester In Middle School
It was the second semester in middle school when I met my now best friend Jennifer. We were both in the seventh grade attending Smitha Middle
School. I remember it was around the time we had all just come back from the winter break. This is a story about a beginning of a new friendship.
We had two classes together, English, and History. They were both ESOL classes, so everyone basically knew each other from the last semester
since there weren't many students in ESOL. Jennifer was a new student, therefore me and my group of friends instantly noticed her. She had long
black hair with a pale skin tone, and her makeup was done well, and she was also dressed well. She walked into our History class, and my former
friend Martin took a quick glance...show more content...
I recall it being awkward since she was the "new girl" so me, and the other two students didn't really know what to say. So to break the silence, I
started naming some of the people I thought we should make the poster about, and we ended up choosing Rosa Parks. The teacher also started to
tell us that two people from the group had to go to the library, and check out books of the person chosen to write about, and the other two had to
print pictures. When the teacher informed us of this we immediately turned and looked at one, and the other, and I remember thinking "who
should I go with?", and by the look of Jennifer's and the other two students faces they were probably thinking the same thing. I was a pretty shy
person back then, but I was always nice to strangers that I didn't know, and felt bad about. For that reason, I decided to ask her to go with me to
check out some books from the library. The walk to the library was mostly silent but I tried to talk to her, asking her questions like, what school did
she come from, and where she was from, and I could tell that she was really shy, and didn't want to open
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18. Personal Narrative: Second Place
Second Place
After months of practicing every week for hours on end, I never expected anything less than perfection when I walked on stage at a cheerleading
competition. In my mind, even a small mistake meant you had ruined all chances of winning the competition. I held that expectation of perfection for
myself for seven years until January 18th, 2015.
When I arrived at the competition that morning and I saw the crowded, loud building a familiar feeling of nervousness set in. Soon after our arrival,
we made our way through the crowds to meet my team. There was a feeling of excitement in the air as everyone talked about our competitors. We
determined that we had a high chance of winning and I remember teammates warning others to not mess up....show more content...
Every step was a step closer to the dreaded moment of performing. Entering warm ups was similar to entering a battle zone. The large room was
filled with teams who all had it out for each other. The music all blended together and was so loud it seemed to increase my heart rate even more.
All around the room coaches were working their teams hard and loudly criticizing every mistake. As I stepped on the practice mat with my team I
noticed I wasn't the only nervous one. I was surrounded by worried faces as everyone scanned the room and realized our winning prediction may be
wrong.
I walked over to my group and silently prayed to stay in the air. The stunt went smoothly and soon was over which eased my fears about the real
performance. We continued to practice all our stunts and tumbling along with ourdance. The tumbling is what I feared most in the routine. Since I had
just gotten the skill I was to perform, my biggest fear was messing it
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19. For me, learning a language is a complicated process. It is different from learning other subjects. It involves a lot of practices and follow up. When I
talk about my personal experience, I would say that I have a rich experience in learning English as a second language. English was taught to me for
ten years starting from grade seven till graduation from university. After graduation, I felt that I should improve my language skills. Therefore, I did a
lot of efforts personally to increase my fluency. Until now I still learn the language. Indeed, learning a language takes a lifetime.
I started learning English as a second language when I was in first intermediate. I still remember my first classes and my first teachers. I remember that
my teachers changed frequently in the first year but all of them have much in common. All of them used grammar translation method. They used to
write bilingual lists of words on board, then we, as students, were asked to copy these lists and memorize them by heart. All teaching concentrated on
reading and writing skills, but there were no activities concentrating on speaking or listening. In addition, grammar rules were taught in that stage of
learning the language as mathematics equations, and we were asked to memorize the rules as we...show more content...
Of course, there are certain defects or gaps in my knowledge or ability to use the English language like using idioms and the appropriateness of some
vocabulary. Idioms have many connotations and denotations in the English language. Sometimes I use an idiom and I mean something, but the
connotations of the idiom means something else. Another gap of my knowledge of the language is the appropriateness of using certain vocabulary.
English language entails high sense of using the appropriate word for describing or narrating something. To my mind, I have not reached this point
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