Proposed treatment process for industrial wastewater coming from different sources.

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Presentation By
HAYFORD AKROFI MENSAH AYIM
Hayford A.M. Ayim
INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Wastewater from steel industry that manufactures iron rods, landfill leachates,
heavy duty lube and washing stations, wastewater from fruit drink
manufacturing company that uses citrus fruits as raw material, wastewater
from soap industry that uses palm as part of its raw material and wastewater
from gold mining industry.
Hayford A.M. Ayim

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Content
Constituent of wastewaters
Physical Treatment
Physiochemical Treatment Process
Biological Treatment Process
General Treatment Process
Conclusion
Hayford A.M. Ayim
Constituent of wastewaters
Industry Constituent in Effluent
Steel Industry Water, suspended solids, cyanides, oils, greases, fluoride, ammonia, heavy
metals and low levels of BOD & COD
Soap Making Industry Kernel, fibre, caustic soda, heavy metals, husk of the kernel and dyes high
organic matter, suspended solids, lipids or oil and water
Gold Mining Industry Water, Acid, cyanide, slurry, heavy metals and low levels of BOD and COD
Heavy Duty Lube and Washing Station Dirty oil & fats, soapy water with high COD, BOD and some heavy metals
Fruit Drink Manufacturing Company High levels of BOD, COD, suspended solids, and water
Landfill Leachates Water, organic compounds have high BOD and COD, inorganic consist
mostly of heavy metals (K, Mg, P), Nitrogenous compounds (NH3, NH4, N
organic etc.)
Hayford A.M. Ayim

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Equalisation tanks serve to produce flows, or composition, or both which are closer to the
average value used in Industrial Wastewater Treatment Plant (IWTP) designs. It also functions as
a holding tank to allow storage and continuous supply of flow to the treatment plant.
Screens are basically used to remove gross pollutants from the wastewater
Grit chamber is designed for the removal of grits such as sand, palm kennel shells and other
minimal putrescible compounds.
The distribution chamber allocates wastewater to different divisions of the pond for same
treatment process.
Physical Treatment
Hayford A.M. Ayim
Physical Treatment
Chamber Filter Press
• Separation of solids from liquid
• Dewatering of slurry
• Thickening of solids
• Drying of solids
• Works effectively when slurry is pre-treated through coagulation
Hayford A.M. Ayim

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Reactions
Sulphur Processes:
Hydrolyses of cyanate ion to form ammonia and carbonate:
Addition of alum (Al2(SO4)3)
Liming
CN + SO2 + O2 + H2O CNO + H2SO4
CNO+2H2O CO3
2-
+NH4
+
Al3+
+3H2O Al(OH)3 +3H+
CO3
2-
+H+
HCO3
‾
+H2O
HCO3
‾
+H+
CO2 +H2O
CaCO3 +H2SO4 CaSO4 +H2O+CO2
Hayford A.M. Ayim
Physiochemical Treatment Process
Biosorption
Physiochemical Treatment Process
Hayford A.M. Ayim

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Decomposition of cyanide
Biological Treatment Process
CN + H2S(aq) HSCN + H
HSCN + 2H2O NH3 + H2S + CO2
Hayford A.M. Ayim
Hayford A.M. Ayim

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Conclusion
1. In other to manage water, individual industries must adopt a treatment system which will
enable them to reuse wastewater generated. In situations where wastewater is sent to a
different treatment plant, treated water must be sent back to individual industries for usage.
2. Also, in other to reduce the level of chemicals in water for usage, readily available biological
and natural treatment options should be practiced. A typical example is the aerated pond,
anaerobic ponds, activated sludge etc.
3. Also individual industries should adopt a practice where wastewater at various stages of
production or manufacturing will be stored in different tanks since some wastewaters do not
require major treatment and can be reuse. An example is those used for cooling.
Hayford A.M. Ayim
References
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2046, USA
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slides]. Cape Coast, Ghana: University of Cape Coast
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06:57 pm.)
• http://www.environmental-expert.com/products/astim-chamber-filter-press-183800 ASTIM Manufacturing
Inc. (Retrieved from google.com on Sunday, March 22, 2015 at 07:30 pm.)
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Hayford A.M. Ayim