Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

1. Hansala Indrachapa
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2. Attention
Deficit
Hyperactivity
Disorder 2

3. What Is It?
• Does your child find it hard to focus?
• Kids with ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) are fidgety
and easily distracted.
• This makes it tough to stay "on task," whether it's listening to a
teacher or finishing a chore.
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4. Symptoms in Children
• Is easily distracted
• Doesn't follow directions or finish tasks
• Doesn't appear to be listening
• Doesn't pay attention and makes careless mistakes
• Forgets about daily activities
• Has problems organizing daily tasks
• Doesn’t like to do things that require sitting still
• Often loses things
• Tends to daydream
• Low self-esteem
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5. Can't Pay Attention
Hard to listen to a speaker, follow
directions, finish tasks, or keep track
of her stuff.
She may daydream a lot and make
careless mistakes.
Or she may avoid activities that need
concentration or seem boring to her.
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6. Hyperactive
Another sign of ADHD:
Your kid just can't seem to sit still.
He may run and climb on things
all the time, even when indoors.
When he's sitting down, he tends
to squirm, fidget, or bounce.
You also might notice he talks a
lot and finds it hard to play
quietly.
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7. Impulsive
• You'll notice that your kid may find
it hard to wait his turn. He may cut
in line, interrupt others, or blurt
out answers before the teacher
finishes a question.
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8. What Causes It?
• less activity in areas of the brain that control attention.
• Imbalances in brain chemicals called neurotransmitters.
• ADHD runs in families, experts believe genes play a role.
• Genes
• Cigarette smoking, alcohol use, or drug use during pregnancy
• Exposure to environmental toxins during pregnancy
• Exposure to environmental toxins, such as high levels of lead, at a young
age
• Low birth weight
• Brain injuries
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9. How to Get a Diagnosis
listen to your description of behavior problems, and look at her
teacher's comments.
To get a diagnosis, your child must show some combo of symptoms for
6 months, like not paying attention, hyperactivity, and impulsive
behavior.
They must have appeared no later than age 12.
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10. Medications for ADHD
• Stimulant meds help increase your
child's attention span and control
hyperactive and impulsive behavior.
• Studies suggest these drugs work in
65% to 80% of kids with ADHD.
• As with any medicine, there can be
side effects. Discuss these with your
doctor.
• Nonstimulant drugs are options for
some kids, too, but they also can
have side effects.
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11. Counseling
It can help your child learn to handle frustrations and build self-esteem.
It also teaches you some support strategies.
social skills training (therapy), shows him how to take turns and share.
alone.
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12. Special Education
Most kids with ADHD go to regular classrooms, but some do better in a
place that's got more structure. If your child goes to special education,
he'll get schooling that's tailored to meet his learning style.
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13. The Role of Routine
• You can give your child more structure
at home if you lay out clear routines.
• Post a daily schedule that reminds her
of what she's supposed to do
throughout the day.
• This helps her stay on task. It should
include specific times to wake up, eat,
play, do homework and chores, and go
to bed.
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14. Your Child's Diet
• Food that's good for the brain
could be helpful.
• Things that are high in protein,
like eggs, meat, beans, and nuts,
may help your child concentrate
better.
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15. ADHD and Television
• The link between sitting in front of the tube and
ADHD isn't clear, but the American Academy of
Pediatrics suggests you limit your young child's
screen time.
• The group discourages TV viewing for kids under 2
and suggests no more than 2 hours a day for older
kids.
• To help your child develop attention skills,
encourage activities like games, blocks, puzzles,
and reading.
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16. Can You Prevent ADHD?
steps you can take to cut the risk.
When you're pregnant, avoid alcohol, drugs, and tobacco.
Kids whose mothers smoke during pregnancy may be twice as likely to
get ADHD.
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17. Child ADHD Assessment
https://www.webmd.com/add-adhd/childhood-adhd/child-adhd-
assessment/default.htm
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18. Reference
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/attention-deficit-
hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/index.shtml
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-
disorder-adhd/
https://add.org/adhd-facts/
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Hansala Indrachapa