4. Mechanism Of Action
Opioid drug bind to opioid receptor widely
distributed in CNS & other tissues.
These are the part of family of G- protein
coupled receptors.
Opens k+ channels.
Prevent opening of Ca2+ channels.
Inhibit the release of other neurotransmitters.
8. Addiction
A pattern of compulsive drug use characterized by
continuous carving for an opioids & need to use
the opioid other then pain relief.
The signs and symptoms of substance
abuse can be physical, behavioral, and
psychological.
One clear sign of addiction is not being able to
stop using the substance.
It is also not being able to stop yourself from using
more than the recommended amount.
9. Symptoms
Other signs and symptoms of opioid abuse include:
poor coordination
drowsiness
shallow or slow breathing rate
nausea, vomiting
constipation
physical agitation
poor decision making
abandoning responsibilities
slurred speech
sleeping more or less than normal
mood swings
euphoria (feeling high
depression
lowered motivation
10. What causes opioid
addiction?
Opioid drugs alter your brain by creating
artificial endorphins.
Besides blocking pain, these endorphins
make you feel good.
Too much opioid use can cause your brain to
rely on these artificial endorphins.
Once your brain does this, it can even stop
producing its own endorphins.
The longer you use opioids, the more likely
this is to happen.
You also will need more opioids over time
11. What is drug tolerance?
Drug tolerance is when your body, over time, gets
used to the effects of a drug.
As this happens, you may need to take a higher
dose of the drug to get the same effect.
When you take opioids over time, you need a
higher does to get the same pain relief.
If you stop using an opioid for a period of time,
your tolerance will begin to fade.
If you need to begin taking it again, you most
likely will not need your former higher dose.
That can be too much for the body to take.
If you stop taking a medication, and then resume,
12. What is drug dependence?
Drug dependence is when the way your body works
changes because you have taken a drug for a long time.
These changes cause you to have withdrawal symptoms
when you stop using the drug. Withdrawal symptoms
can be mild or severe, and may include:
sweating
nausea or vomiting
chills
diarrhea
shaking
pain
depression
13. Opioid addiction treatment
Treatment for opioid addiction is different for
each person.
The main goal of treatment is to help you
stop using the drug.
Treatment also can help you avoid using it
again in the future. These medicines
include(opioid Antagonists) Mainly:
methadone (often used to treat heroin
addiction),
buprenorphine
naltrexone.
14. Methadone and
buprenorphine
help reduce withdrawal symptoms by targeting the same
centers in the brain that opioids target.
Only they do not make you feel high.
They help restore balance to your brain and allow it to
heal.
15. Naltrexone
Doesn’t help you stop taking opioids.
It is for helping prevent you from relapsing. Relapsing
means to start taking opioids again.
This medicine is different from methadone and
buprenorphine because it does not help with cravings or
withdrawal.
