1. Introduction of Vietnam
Household Biogas Digesters
Speaker: Tran Hai Anh (MSc., MBA)
2002 SESAM Student
2015 Alumni Workshop – Flensburg

2. Content
1. Vietnam country
2. Introduction of household biogas
3. Vietnam household biogas models
4. Evaluations and Comparisons of household biogas
5. Biogas programsVietnam
6. Conclusions

3. 1. Vietnam Overview

4. 1.1 Fast Growing and Dynamic Nation
MainlandArea: 331.690km2
Politicalregime: SocialistRepublicofVietnam
TheCommunistpartyisleadingparty.
Population: 90.5million
Laborforce: 50.137million
Currency: DONG(VND)
1US$=22,340VND
1NOK=2,655VND)
GDPgrowthrate: 6.0%(2014)
6.2%(forecasted2015)
Nationalspecialcities: Hanoi-thecapital
Hochiminhcity–thecenterofbusinessandfinance
Nationalcities: HaiPhong,DaNang,CanTho
Laborcost MinimumsalaryforworkersinHanoiUSD145/month
MinimumsalaryforworkersinHochiminhcityUSD149/month

5. 1.2 Powerful Manufacturing Nation
 3rd world footwear and handbag
exporter.
 5th world garment exporter.
 6th world furniture exporter.
 10th world electronic device exporter
(78% growing rate p.a.).

6. 1.3 Powerful Agriculture Nation
 1st world pepper exporter.
 1st world catfish exporter.
 2nd world coffee exporter.
 2nd world rice exporter.
 2nd world cashew exporter.
 2nd world cassava
exporter.
 5th world tee exporter.

7. 2. Introduction of household biogas

8. 2.1 Household Biogas Concept
1. Biogas for cooking.
2. Biogas for lighting.
3. Biogas for electricity
4. Bio-slurry for fertilizer
HOUSEHOLD BIOGAS LAYOUT
Breeding facility
Intake tank
Overall lock
Gas pipe
Biogas
Digester
Bio- slurry tank

9. 2.2 Fixed Dome Components
1. Intake tank
2. Inlet pipe
3. Digester
4. Gas pipe
5. Outlet pipe
6. Compensation tank

10. 2.3 Three In One Digester
Inlet OutletGas outlet
Gas holder
Digester

11. 2.4 Working Principle
Intake tank
Digester Compensation tank
Outlet
0 level
Min. level
Intake tank
Digester Compensation tank
Outlet
0 level
Min. level
Intake tank
Digester Compensation tank
Outlet
0 level
Min. level
V = Vd + Vg +V0

12. 3. Vietnam Household Biogas Models

13. 3.1 KT1 & KT2 designs
KT1
KT2

14. 3.2 Construction of KT1 &KT2

15. 3.3 Composite design
40
0
1000
mm
1000
4
0
0
R=
2600
Inlet: 800 Outlet: 900
1300
600
80
40
0
20
0
Gas
outlet
Gas holder
Digester
Gas pipe
OutletInlet
Zero level
Over flow level
Min. level

16. 3.4 Construction of Composite

17. 3.5 KT 31 design
1. Digester
2. Gas holder
3. Inlet
4. Outlet
5. Gas outlet
6. Compensation tank

18. 3.6 Construction of KT31

19. 3.7 KT 31 – Large scale

20. 3.8 Nylon bag

21. 3.9 Construction of Nylon bag

22. 3.10 Recycle plastic Design

23. 3.11 Construction of Recycle Plastic Digester

24. 3.12 Recycle plastic Design – Medium Scale
Inlet Compensation Tank
Gas Pipe

25. 3.3 Construction of Composite

26. 4. Comparison and Evaluation

27. 4.1 Household Biogas Models
 Made from brick and composite: KT31
 Three in one Composite
 Made in brick KT1 & KT2
 Nylon bag
 Each models are built one in the North of Vietnam (colder) and one in the
South ofVietnam (hotter)

28. 4.2. Evaluation Criteria
1. Construction material (10 scores max.)
2. Convenient of construction method (20 scores max.)
3. O&M (30 scores max.)
4. Return on Investment (30 scores max.)
5. Sanitation (10 scores max.)
Total: 100 scores

29. 4.3 Comparison in terms of construction materials
8.58
6.79
5.00
10.00
7.58
4.79 5.00
9.55
-
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
10.00
12.00
KT31-
Northern
part
Composite-
Northern
part
Nylong
bag-
Northern
part
KT1 KT31-
southern
part
Composite-
Southern
part
Nylong
bag-
Southern
part
KT2
Total score (10 maximum) Availability (5 maximum) Strength (5 maximum)

30. 4.4 Comparison in terms of Convenient of construction
8.01
17.03
20.00
4.00
5.53
14.06
16.17
0.50
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
KT31 - The
north
Composite- the
north
Nylong bag -
the north
KT1 KT31- the
south
Composite- the
south
Nylon bag - the
south
KT 2
Total score (20 maximum) Soil excavation (5 maximum)
Easy to contruct (5 maximum) Manday (5 maximum)
Score for construction method (5 maximum)

31. 4.5 O&M Comparison
20.0
24.0
10.3
20.5 20.0
22.5
9.8
22.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
KT31 - the
north
Composite-
the north
Nylong bag-
the north
KT1 KT31-the
south
Composite-
the south
Nylong bag -
the south
KT 2
Total (30 maximum) Safety of the structure (6 maximum)
Safety of end user (6 maximum) Gas productivity (6 maximum)
Easiness for O&M (6 maximum) Easiness to dectect failure and to repair

32. 4.6 Comparison of ROI
12.26
10.01
16.66
19.40
12.48
11.23
16.66
17.89
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
KT31 - the
north
Composite- the
north
Nylon bag KT1 KT31- the
South
Composite- the
south
Nylon bag - the
south
KT 2
Total score( 30 maximum) Total investmetn csot (10 maximum) Average Anual investmetn cost (10 maximum)
Payback period (3.33 maximum) NPV (3.33 maximum) IRR ( 3.33 maximum)

33. 4.7 Comparison of Sanitation
No. Model Smell bad (5
maximum)
BOD 5, COD, coliforms (5
maximum)
Total (5
maximum)
1 KT31 5.00 5.00 10.00
2 Composite 5.00 5.00 10.00
3 Nylon bag 5.00 5.00 10.00
4 KT1-KT2 5.00 5.00 10.00

34. 4.5 Overall Comparison
58.85
67.83
61.96 63.90
55.59
62.58
57.63 59.94
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
KT31 - the
north
Composite-
the north
Nylon bag-
the north
KT1 KT31- the
south
Composite-
the south
Nylon bag
the south
KT 2
Total (100 maximum) Construction material (10 maximum) Construction (20 maximum)
O&M (30 maximum) Cost (30 maximum) Environment (10 maximum)

35. 5. Vietnam Biogas Programs

36. 5.1 Vietnam Household Program
 BP (the “Biogas Program for the animal husbandry sector of
some provinces inVietnam”), supported by GDIS/EnDev
 QSEAP (Quality and Safety Enhancement of Agricultural
Products and Biogas Development Project), financed by
ADB.
 LIFSAP (Livestock Competitiveness and Food Safety
Project), financed byWB, 2009-2012.
 LCASP (Low Carbon Agricultural Support Project), financed
by ADB, under implementation.
 Others

37. 5.2 Financial Support Mechanism
 QSEAP: subsidy of EUR 50/ plant
 LIFSAP: subsidy of EUR 176/ plant
 LCASP: subsidy of EUR 150/ plant
 BP
2003-2013: subsidy of EUR 50/ plant
2013-present: Result Based Finance: no subsidy but financial
incentive of EUR 50/ plant is given to masons/enterprises.
2013-present: receiving income from sellingVER.

38. 5.3 Vietnam Household Biogas
 220 000 household biogas plants have been constructed
 145 000 KT1 and KT2 under SNV program
 20 000 KT1, KT2 and Composite under QSEAP
 25 000 KT1, KT2 and Composite under LESAF
 30 000 KT1, KT2, Composite, Nylon bag, others are under
other programs or constructed purely commercial – basic.

39. 6. Conclusions

40. Conclusion
 Factor for successful:
Meet to market need
Strong R&D driving the market
Good cooperation among stakeholders
Strong participation of private sector
 High return on investment.
 Vietnam household biogas sector moving toward fully
commercialization.
 We would like to replicate the successful story in other
countries.

41. Thank you for your attention
Contact:
Tran Hai Anh – Renewable Energy Specialist
Tran_haianh@yahoo.com