Efficiency of slow/controlled-release fertilizers or nano-endophyte on agronomy and yield of maize hybrids in the Mekong Delta of Vietnam. Kha Le Quy

1. Efficiency of slow/controlled-
release fertilizers or nano-
endophyte on agronomy and yield
of maize hybrids in the Mekong
Delta of Vietnam
Kha Le Quy 1 and Phuc Doan Vinh 2
1: Institute of Agricultural Sciences for Southern Vietnam, 121
Nguyen Binh Khiem Street, District 1, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Email: Kha.lq@iasvn.org;
2: Mekong University, Highway 1A, Long Ho District, Vinh Long City.

2. 1. Introduction
FAO (2016) : cost of production for 1 tone of
grain maize: USD 138 in Brazil, 142 in the
USA, 225 in Thailand, 275 in the Philippines,
282 in Indonesia but USD 329 in Vietnam.
The cost production components in maize
production in Mekong delta of VN (Ho Cao
Viet et al, 2014), in average cost of fertilizers:
30.0 - 35.5 %; labor cost: 38.2%;
mechanization: 5.0 to 8.7 %;

3. 1. Introduction (Cont)
To increase efficiency of fertilizer, lower cost of
production,
study of slow/controlled-release fertilizers (SCRF),
combined with nano endophyte and micro
nutrient Bioplant Flora (Ukraine), and
Amistartop325SC (Syngenta) were conducted
to investigate their effects on agronomy and yield
of MN585 maize hybrid in the Mekong delta of
Vietnam during 2016-2018.

4. 2. Materials and Method
Pls refer to my report in the
proceedings of 13th AMC

5. 3. Results and discussion

6. 3.1. Agronomical characters and yield of MN585 maize hybrid
affected by different fertilizer doses and SCRF
SCRF: 1 application
(10.4 tone/ha)
Recommended:3-4
applications (10.8 tone/ha)

7. 3.2. Agronomical characters and yield of MN585 maize hybrid
affected by different chemical fungicides and nano endophyte
7.39 tone/ha, 1 application
Minus 25%N+Nano Endophyte
50% N + Nano Endophyte
5.88 tone/ha,
3-4 applications

8. Both applied N 3 times
Recommended: 9.22 tone/ha 50% N: 5.88 tone/ha

9. 9.07 tone/ha 9.22 tone/ha
SCRF Full recommended

10. 3 times of N application
Amistartop325SC: 8.1 tone/ha
(2.8 Score of Ear Asp)
No Amistartop: 7.2 tone/ha,
Ear Aspect: 3.3 scores

11. 3 times of N application
Nano-Endophyte: 10.5
tone/ha, 2.0 scores of ear asp
No nano endophyte: 9.7
tone/ha, 2.67 scores of ear
apsect

12. 3.3. Effects of different fertilizer forms, chemical and nano
endophyte on economic efficiency of MN585 maize hybrid in
Mekong delta of Vietnam
Treatments
Dong Thap Winter Spring 2016-17 Dong Thap Summer Autumn 2017
Total
return
(VND
million)
Total
cost
(VND
million)
Net
benefit
(VND
million)
Rate of
return
Total
return
(VND
million)
Total
cost
(VND
million)
Net
benefit
(VND
million)
Rate of
return
90 P2O5:60 K2O 37.7 28.2 9.5 0.3 16.3 25.7 (9.3) -
220N: 60 K2O 54.5 29.1 25.4 0.9 40.7 26.6 14.1 0.5
220N: 90 P2O5 53.0 30.5 22.5 0.7 38.9 28.0 10.9 0.4
220N:90P2O5:60K2O 60.6 31.2 29.4 0.9 48.0 28.8 19.2 0.7
SCRF 60.0 28.3 31.7 1.1 46.4 25.6 20.9 0.8
Farmer’s
formula
60.5 33.2 27.3 0.8 45.2 29.8 15.4 0.5
Mean 54.4 30.7 23.7 0.8 39.2 28.0 11.2 0.4

13. Economic efficiency of different fertilizer doses and nano –
endophyte on MN585 maize hybrid in Mekong delta of Vietnam
Treatments
Dong Thap Winter Spring 2016-17 Dong Thap Summer Autumn 2017
Total
return
(VND
millio
n)
Total cost
(VND
million)
Net
benefit
(VND
million)
Rate of
return
Total
return
(VND
million)
Total
cost
(VND
million)
Net
benefit
(VND
million)
Rate of
return
Control 54.4 29.1 25.3 0.9 45.2 29.4 15.8 0.5
Amistatop325SC 59.2 30.0 29.2 1.0 49.9 30.3 19.6 0.6
Nano (particle)+
Bio (liquid)
56.9 32.0 24.9 0.8 48.7 32.4 16.3 0.5
Nano (particle) 55.8 31.8 24.0 0.8 48.1 32.1 16.0 0.5
Farmer’s practice 57.7 30.6 27.1 0.9 48.9 31.2 17.7 0.6
Mean 56.8 30.7 26.1 0.9 31.1 17.1 0.6

14. Dr BS Vivek visited experiments in early 2017
in Mekong delta of Vietnam

15. Dr BS Vivek visited experiments in early 2017 in Dong
Thap and Long An provinces of Mekong delta

16. 4. Discussion
Thanks to using SCRF only one time during
planting maize enough nutrients for the
whole crop, it saved labor cost and higher
economic efficiency compared to conventional
fertilizer doses with 3 or 4 times of
application .

17. 5. Conclusion and suggestion
Using SCRF was more efficient and labor saving
than conventional fertilizer application. It is
suggested that larger scale of demonstration
of using slow/controlled-release fertilizers or
nano endophyte should be conducted in
different soil types.