GENDER AND SOCIETY SUBJECT

1. WOMEN: A SECTOR
SITUATIONER
BIT 1-S (Group 7)

2. SECTORAL
SITUATIONERS
•An overview of the
condition of women both
in the Philippines and
around the globe in
relation to oppression.

3. WOMEN AND THE ECONOMY:
WOMEN AND WORK
OCCUPATIONAL
SEGREGATION OF
WOMEN
• VULNERABLE
EMPLOYMENT
• HOME-BASED
EMPLOYMENT
• SERVICE SECTOR

4. WOMEN, WORK, AND
POVERTY IN THE
PHILIPPINES
• WOMEN AS A SOCIAL CLASS ARE THE
FIFTH POOREST
15.6% classified as poor
• GENDER BIASES
Limited career choices
Lack of support facilities
Sexual harassment
Lack of protection for the informal sector
Limited monitoring on labor standards
Unremitting promotion for labor export policy

5. WOMEN AND EDUCATION
•Gender parity
•Inequality
•Gendered nature of
certain specialization
Women have higher basic
literacy and numerical skills
than men.
96.1% - WOMEN 95.1% - MEN

6. WOMEN IN
POWER AND POLITICS
The Philippines made it to the top
ten countries in the World
Economic Forum Global Gender
Gap Index for 2015
It is due to the number of women
participating in the election
process, as well as those in office.
From 13th place to 7th of the 142
countries surveyed in terms of
gender equality.

7. WOMEN IN
POWER AND
POLITICS
ISSUES:
SEX-ROLE
STEREOTYPE
S &
GENDERED
ASSUMPTIONS
• Women in the political sphere deal
with the multiple burden of their own
political career and taking care of
their families.
• Filipino voters often look for someone
who is aggressive and assertive.
• Women in positions of power may not
even prioritize women’s issues.

8. WOMEN IN THE RURAL /
AGRICULTURE SECTOR
• The Asian Development Bank cites
agriculture as the second largest
sector for women’s employment in
the Philippines.
• In the Philippines,
women – farmers and rural women
in general play an important role in
agriculture at all levels.

9. WOMEN IN THE RURAL
AGRICULTURE SECTOR
• Few women farmers have access to high-
quality production inputs, credit,
information on farming techniques &
markets.
• Unpaid domestic work & care burden
• Limited access to resources such as
credit and financial services
• Inadequate education
• Government services
CHALLENGES:
• Disadvantage in social protection
• Discrimination in most aspects of work
in the Philippine Labor context
• Limited access to property
• Recognition of male adults as heads of
the household in rural communities
makes women less regarded as farmers
or agricultural holders & consequently
reducing their position in decision-
making.

10. MIGRANT WOMEN
• The Philippines deployed some 2.2
million OFWs in 2012 alone, almost
50% of which were women as the
demand for care workers increased
due to aging population of the
developed world.
This phenomenon brought about
further feminization of labor among
Filipino workers.

11. MIGRANT WOMEN
• More women OFWs were employed
as laborers and while some
approaches have been formulated by
various agencies to ease the issues of
the informal sector, women are
underrepresented and are often
excluded from policy processes. It is
supported by the common notion that
men are capable in matters of
business and finance.

12. DOMESTIC WORK &
DOMESTIC WORKERS
• Women dominated this
industry, earned less per day
(PHP23.20 over PHP188.17 for
male domestic workers)
despite rendering slightly more
time per week than their male
counterparts
(52.1 hours versus 51.4 hours)

13. DOMESTIC WORK &
DOMESTIC WORKERS
• No fixed working hours
• Can be called any time & overtime work is
not compensated
• No formal contract
• Most of them are not educated
• Some came from depressed areas /
migrated from poor rural areas
• Susceptible to abuse and exploitation

14. THE SEX TRADE
SEX INDUSTRY
•Reproductive activity
called coitus / sex in
exchange for pay.
•Most sex workers are
female & most buyers
are male.
SEX WORKERS
•Prostitutes being
women who were
mostly out of work or
unable to find work &
find other forms of
livelihood

15. THE SEX TRADE
SEX WORK
• Rooted in the double standard of
sexuality
• Offers higher pay than other, low-
skill occupations
• Illegal & dangerous
• No protection
• High risk for abuse, trafficking &
sexual abuse
• Takes advantage of poor &
vulnerable women even children
• Exploitation of women and
children as the symptom of the
unequal power relations
dominating issues of sex &
sexuality

16. WOMEN & DOMESTIC SPHERE
• The reproductive sphere is the
woman’s place, where she is said to
have power & authority. However,
this glorification of women who are
delegated to the domestic sphere is
mere tokenism. It ignores the fact
that domestic women are
dependent on men for their income.

17. WOMEN & DOMESTIC
SPHERE
• The current model of Philippine
economy places value on monetary
income and devalues care work.
It isolates women from the public
sphere & public participation. This
separation of the private & public
sphere is an excuse for men to
dismiss their role as caregivers, using
their earnings as a method to avoid
the responsibility.

19. GROUP 7
NARAL , JAY FRANCIS
RAMOS, MARIELLE
MISLANG, JESS
SEEPING, PATRICIA