Tool layout and geometry of single point cutting tool

1. Manufacturing technology
TOPIC: TOOL LAYOUT
Presenting by
A Goutham Raj
MECH A
18951A0331

2. WHAT IS MACHINING?
The manufacturing process consists many types of processes used in real
world.
Mainly classified in to two types they are:
1.Material removal process
2.Additive manufacturing process
Machining comes under material removal process
In additive manufacturing process we have like:
1.Welding
2.Casting
3.Rapid prototyping etc.
MACHINING :the raw material is machined and converted in to useful
material which gives profit(value) to raw material. And can use universally

3. OPERATIONS OF MACHINING TOOLS
There are various operations in Machining process they are:
1. Milling
2. Treading
3. Turning
4. Planning
5. Shaping
6. Drilling
7. Grinding
8. Parting etc.

4. Tool layout
Every process we have different dimensions
The tool is divided in to two parts;
1.Shank
2.Actual tool
Shank is fixed in the chuck (lathe chuck)
Actual tool is made with alloys and it is brazed with shank

5. LAYOUT OF TOOL
The tool is divided in to parts to know or give the proper
dimension they are:
1. Rake face
2. Cutting tip/nose/point
3. End relief/flank/clearance or (auxiliary flank face)
4. Side relief/flank/clearance or (principle flank face)
5. End cutting edge
6. Side cutting edge
7. Shank
Now we are dealing with single cutting tool ie ; these are the parts
of SCT.

6. shank
Side cutting
edge
Side
relief/clearance
face or principle
flank face
Cutting tip
Rake face
End
cutting
edge
End
relief or
auxiliary
flank
face

7. TYPES OF TOOL SIGNATURE
SYSTEMS
There are two types of such systems
they are:
1.ASA (AMERICAN STANDAED )
2.ORS(ORTHOGONAL RAKE SYSTEM)
ACCORDING TO THESE SYSTEMS WE
HAVE TOOL SIGNATURES

8. ASA SYSTEM
1. Back rake angle
2. Side rake angle
3. End relief angle
4. Side relief angle
5. End cutting edge angle
6. Side cutting edge angle
7. Nose radius (mm)

9. ORS SYSTEM
1. Inclination angle
2. Orthogonal rake angle
3. Orthogonal clearance angle
4. Principle cutting edge angle
5. Nose radius
*end cutting edge angle
In system we don’t have end cutting edge angle but we must use
that to get accurate dimension of product.

10. Front view of tool
Side rake angle
Side relief angle

11. Top view
End cutting edge
angle
Side cutting
edge angle

12. Side view
Back rake
angle
End relief angle

13. What are the uses of angles?
1. Rake angle:
a. The function of rake angle is to provide easy chip flow.
b. It separates the chip from the machine area.
c. The range of rake angle is 10 to 15 degrees for ducktail
materials and -1 to 8-10 for hard and brutal materials.
2. relief/clearance angle
a. These angles are provided to avoid rubbing action between
cutting tool nad work piece
b. To avoid the contaaact between cutting tool and machined
surface
c. The maximum range of angle is 5 to 15 degree and it is always
positive

14. What are the uses of angles?
3. Cutting angles:
a. The end cutting edge angle provided to avoid contact between
the cutting tool and machined surface
b. Side cutting edge angle provides the initial contact impact
c. The usual range of side cutting angle is 15 to 30 degrees
d. And for end cutting is 8 to 15 degrees
4. Nose radius
a. Nose radius enhance tool life
b. It also increase the surface finishing
*but execive nose radius increases vibration and chattering.

15. There are some tools like neckling tool which have cutting edge
angle zero they are used for parting etc.
THANK
YOU