EG UNIT-IV SECTION OF SOLIDS.ppt

GE 8152 - ENGINEERING GRAPHICS
Dr.R.Ganesamoorthy.
Professor / Mechanical Engineering.
Chennai Institute of Technology.
GE8152- ENGINEERING GRAPHICS UNIT-IV SECTION OF SOLIDS
UNIT-IV SECTION OF SOLIDS

What is Section of Solids:
Sections and sectional views are used to show hidden detail more
clearly. They-are created by using a cutting plane to cut the object.
A section is a view of no thickness and shows the outline of the object
at the cutting plane. Visible outlines beyond the cutting plane are not
drawn.
A sectional view, displays the outline of the cutting plane and all visible
outlines which can be seen beyond the cutting plane.

Section of Solids Objectives:
This session will help you to learn
The need for sectioning.
How a cutting plane can be described.
How the true shape of an apparent section can be described.
How the frustum of a solid can be described.
How the sectional views of solids may be drawn.

Types of Section Views:
 Full sections
 Half sections
 Offset sections
 Revolved sections
 Removed sections
 Broken-out sections

Cutting Plane
Section views show how an object would look if a cutting plane (or saw)
cut through the object and the material in front of the cutting plane was
discarded.
Representation of cutting plane
According to drawing standards cutting plane is represented by chain
line with alternate long dash and dot. The two ends of the line should be
thick.

Full Section View
In a full section view, the cutting plane cuts across the entire object
Note that hidden lines become visible in a section view
Hatching
On sections and sectional views solid area should be hatched to indicate
this fact. Hatching is drawn with a thin continuous line, equally spaced
(Preferably about 4 mm apart, though never less than 1 mm) and
preferably at an angle of 45 degrees

Frustum of a solid and Truncated solid:
When a solid is cut by a cutting plane parallel to its base, the portion
Obtained after removing the top portion is called "Frustum".
When a solid is cut by a cutting plane inclined to its base, the portion
obtained after removing the top portion is called the "truncated" solid.

Types of Sectional Views for Solids:
By using the five different types of perpendicular section planes we obtain
the following five types of sectional views of solids:
1.Cutting plane is obtained by horizontal planes.
2.Cutting plane is obtained by vertical planes.
3.Cutting plane is obtained by auxiliary inclined planes.
4.Cutting plane is obtained by auxiliary vertical planes.
5.Cutting plane is obtained by profile planes.

Types of Sectional Views : Perpendicular to the VP & Parallel to the HP
1. A pentagonal pyramid of base 25mm and height 55mm rests with its base on the HP
such that one of its edges is perpendicular to the VP. A section plane parallel to the HP
and perpendicular to the VP cuts the pyramid at 20mm from the apex.

2. A hexagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 55 mm rests on its base on
the HP with two edges of the base parallel to the VP. A cutting plane parallel to the HP
cuts the pyramid at a height of 25 mm above the base. Draw the front and sectional top
view.

3.A cone of base diameter 40 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on its base on the HP. It’s
cut by a plane parallel to the HP at 25 mm above the base. Draw the sectional top
view.

4.A cylinder with 50 mm base diameter and 60 mm long axis is resting on its base on
HP. It is cut by a section plane parallel to and 40 mm above HP. Draw its front view and
sectional top view.

Types of Sectional Views : Perpendicular to the HP and Parallel to the VP
5.A cube of side 35 mm rests on the HP on one of its faces with a vertical face inclined
at 450 to the VP. A plane perpendicular to HP and parallel to VP cuts the cube 10 mm
away from the axis and further away from the VP. Draw the top and sectional front
view.

6.A cylinder of 45 mm diameter and 60 mm height stands vertically with its base on HP.
It is cut by a plane perpendicular to HP and parallel to VP, at a distance of 15 mm from
the axis. Draw its top and sectional front view.

7.A cone of base diameter 40 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on its base on the HP. It is
cut by a vertical plane parallel to the VP at a distance of 10 mm from the axis. The axis
nearer to the VP than the cutting plane. Draw the top and sectional front view.

8.A hexagonal prism having base with 35 mm side and 65 mm long is lying on its base
in HP and one of its rectangular faces parallel to VP and axis perpendicular to HP. It is
cut by a plane at 20 mm from the axis and towards the observer. Draw the top and
sectional front view.

9. A cube of side 45 mm rest with a face on the HP such that one of its faces with a
vertical face inclined at 300 to the VP. A section plane parallel to VP cuts the cube
distance of 15 mm from the vertical edge nearer to the observer. Draw the top and
sectional front view.

Types of Sectional Views : Cutting plane perpendicular to both HP and VP
10.A pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on its base on
the HP with an angle of base perpendicular to the VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular
to both HP and VP. The cutting plane cuts the object at 12 mm right of the axis. Draw
the front; top and sectional right side of the pyramid.

Types of Sectional Views : Cutting plane perpendicular to both HP and VP
11. A cone of base diameter 40 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on one of its base on HP.
It is cut by a section plane perpendicular to both HP and VP,10 mm to the right of the
axis. Draw the front; top and sectional right side.

Types of Sectional Views : Cutting plane perpendicular to VP and inclined to HP
13. A cube of side 35 mm rests on the HP on one of its faces with a vertical face
inclined at 450 to the VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to the VP and inclined at 300
to the HP and meeting the axis at 25 mm above the HP. Draw the front view, sectional
top view and the true shape of the section.

14. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 50 mm rests on its base on
the HP with one of the base edges perpendicular to the VP. It is cut by a plane inclined
at 450 to the base. The cutting meets the axis at 20 mm above the base. Draw the front
view, sectional top view and the true shape of the section.

15. A hexagonal prism of base side 25 mm and axis length 55 mm is resting on HP on
one of its bases with two of the vertical faces perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a plane
inclined at 500 to the top base. Draw its front view, sectional top view and true shape of
section.

16. A cone of base diameter 40 mm and axis length 50 mm resting on HP on its base is
cut by a plane inclined at 450 to HP and perpendicular to VP and is bisecting the axis.
Draw its front view, sectional top view and true shape of section.

17. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 30 mm and altitude 60 mm rests with its base on
HP and with a side of base parallel to VP. It is cut by a section plane perpendicular to
VP and inclined at 350 to the HP and bisecting the axis. Draw the sectional plan of the
pyramid and the true shape of the section.

18. A square pyramid of base side 50 mm and height 65 mm is resting on HP with a
base edge parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP inclined to HP such
that the true shape is a trapezium of sides 42 mm and 22 mm. Draw the projection and
find the angle of cutting plane.

19. A cylinder of 42 mm diameter and axis 55 mm height is resting on the ground on its
base. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to VP inclined at 350 to HP and meet the axis at
a point 20 mm from the top. Draw the sectional plan and true shape

20. A cylinder of diameter 48 mm and axis 65 mm rests on its base on the ground. A
plane cuts it perpendicular to the VP and inclined at 450 to HP. The cutting plane meets
the axis at a distance of 16 mm from the top. Draw the sectional Plane and true shape
of section.

21. A cone of diameter 60 mm and height 70 mm is lying on the ground vertically It is cut
by a plane perpendicular to VP inclined at 780 to HP and passes through the apex. Draw
the sectional Plane and true shape of section.

22. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 60mm on its base on the HP
with one of the base edges perpendicular to the VP. it is cut by a plane inclined at 500to
the base. The cutting plane meets the axis at 15 mm above the base. Draw the
sectional Plane and true shape of section.

23. A cone of diameter 50 mm and height 65 mm is resting on the base on HP. It is cut
by a section plane such that the true shape produced is a parabola of base 35 mm.
Draw the sectional Plane and true shape of section.

24. A hexagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 70 mm rests on its base on
the HP with two of its base side parallel to the VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to
VP inclined at 450 to HP and passing through a point 15 mm above the base and
located on the axis . Draw the sectional view and the true shape of the section.

25. A hexagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 70 mm has the hexagonal
end on VP with two of its edges perpendicular to HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to
VP inclined at 300 to HP cuts the pyramid at a point 8 mm from the axis and above.
Draw the sectional view and the true shape of the section.

26. A pentagonal pyramid of base side 25 mm and altitude 50 mm rests with its base on
HP and with a side of base perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a section plane
perpendicular to VP such that the true shape of the section is an isosceles triangle of
the maximum possible base and maximum height. Draw the sectional plan of the
pyramid and the true shape of the section and measure the inclination of the cutting
plane with HP.

Types of Sectional Views : Cutting plane perpendicular to HP and inclined to VP
27. A hexagonal prism of base side 25 mm and altitude 50 mm rest on one of its ends
on HP with two rectangular faces parallel to VP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to HP
inclined at 500 to VP, at a distance of 10 mm from the axis. Draw the sectional view and
the true shape of the section.

28.A right circular cone of base diameter 45 mm and axis length 55 mm rests on its
base on HP. It is cut by a plane perpendicular to HP inclined at 550 to VP, the short
distance between the cutting plane and top view of the axis 10 mm. Draw the sectional
view and the true shape of the section. the true shape of the section.

29. A pentagonal prism of base side 30mm and altitude 60 mm rest on one of its ends
on HP with one of its rectangular faces with axis perpendicular to VP. It is cut by a plane
perpendicular to HP inclined at 500 to VP, the cutting plane meets the midpoint of the
prism. Draw the sectional view and the true shape of the section.

30. A cylinder of diameter 50 mm and axis 60 mm rests on its HP on one of its
generators with its axis perpendicular to VP. A plane cuts it perpendicular to the HP and
inclined at 350 to VP and bisecting axis of the cylinder. Draw the sectional Plane and
true shape of section.

EG UNIT-IV SECTION OF SOLIDS.ppt

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