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GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-2: Integrated Breeding -- Impact and challenges for crop productivity in Africa
This document discusses integrated breeding and its potential impact and challenges for crop productivity in African smallholder farmers' fields. It defines integrated breeding and describes various molecular tools that can assist in crop improvement, such as marker-based selection, marker-assisted selection, and marker-assisted backcrossing. It notes that smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa need improved crop varieties that address their needs in the shortest time possible with minimal cost. However, integrated breeding faces challenges including drought, soil fertility issues, diseases, food quality and safety concerns, lack of capacity and funding, personnel shortages, communications and connectivity problems, and policies.
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GRM 2011: KEYNOTE ADDRESS-2: Integrated Breeding -- Impact and challenges for crop productivity in Africa
- 1. Integrated Breeding: Impactand challenges on crop productivity in African poor farmers fields James G. Gethi KARI Katumani P.O. Box 340-90100 Machakos, Kenya Tel. +254 202413436 Email: jgethi@wananchi.com
- 2. What is integratedbreeding? Conventional Biotechnology Bioinformatics Transgenics Molecular breeding Products to end Users
- 3. Sub Saharan Africa •Land sizes • Many crops • Rain fed agriculture • Large population growth rates Characteristics Consequences • Under investment in agriculture • Access to technology hampered • Over regulation • Lack of facilities • Food insecurity and Poverty
- 4. What do thefarmers in SSA really need? • Improved crop varieties that address their needs, in the shortest time possible, with minimal cost • Support from their service providers in diagnostics for diseases
- 5. How can moleculartools assist? Marker based selection Marker Assisted selection Marker Assisted Backcrossing Marker Assisted Backcrossing Marker Assisted Recurrent selection Genome wide selection Crop improvement
- 6. Molecular tools… •Diversity studies •Qualitycontrol in seed production •Cultivar identity and characterization by regulators (DUS & VCU) •Disease diagnostics
- 7. Molecular tools… http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:GloFish.jpg Transgenic technologies •Drought • Disease • Nitrogen Use Efficiency • Food Quality
- 8.
- 9. Challenges •Drought •Soil fertility •Diseases •Food quality •FoodSafety •Capacity •$$$ •Personnel
- 10. Challenges beyond ourcontrol • Communications and connectivity • Policies Photo: Dibanzilua Nginamau, Angola
- 11.