1. TDC 1
Pedagogical Grammar
Class 2

2. Review
 Definitions of Grammar
 English Studied by Native Speakers
X
English Studied as a Foreign Language
 The History of English
 Direct Approach X Indirect Approach
 Prescriptive Grammar X Descriptive Grammar
 Deductive Teaching X Inductive Teaching

3. Parts of Speech
• Noun
• Pronoun
• Adjective
• Verb
• Adverb
• Preposition
• Conjunction
• Interjection

4. Approaches to Explaining the
Parts of Speech
• Giving Definitions
• Questions
• Slot and Filler
• Nouns -  I have a ____.
 a ____
 the ____
 five ____
 ____s*

5. Parts of Speech - Nouns
the name of a
• Definition person, place, thing, quality, e
who? – Who took the money?
motion...
• Questions what?see an _____. eat?
- I – What did you
- She is a _____.
• Slots - There are four _____.
- the _____
- _____ is important.
1. Common X Proper
2. Concrete X Abstract
Workbook Page 39
ELLs’XUsual Errors?
3. Count Non-count

6. Parts of Speech
• Noun
• Pronoun  Page 51
• Adjective  Page 53
• Verb  Page 46
• Adverb  Page 55
• Preposition  Page 59
• Conjunction  Page 57
• Interjection  Page 62

7. Parts of Speech
• Noun
A noun is a word used to name a person, animal, place,
thing, and abstract idea.
• Pronoun
A pronoun can replace a noun or another pronoun. You
use pronouns like "he," "which," "none," and "you" to
make your sentences less cumbersome and less
repetitive.

8. Parts of Speech
• Adjective
An adjective modifies a noun or a pronoun by
describing, identifying, or quantifying words. An adjective
usually precedes the noun or the pronoun which it
modifies.
• Verb
The verb is perhaps the most important part of the
sentence. A verb asserts something about the subject of
the sentence and express actions, events, or states of
being. The verb or compound verb is the critical element
of the predicate of a sentence.

9. Parts of Speech
• Adverb
An adverb can modify a verb, an adjective, another
adverb, a phrase, or a clause. An adverb indicates
manner, time, place, cause, or degree and answers
questions such as "how," "when," "where," "how much".
• Preposition
A preposition links nouns, pronouns, and phrases to
other words in a sentence.

10. Parts of Speech
• Conjunction
You can use a conjunction to link words, phrases and
clauses.
• Interjection
An interjection is a word that shows emotion. It is not
grammatically related to the rest of the sentence.

11. Phrases, Clauses and Sentences
• A word is the smallest element that may be uttered in
isolation with semantic or pragmatic meaning.
• A phrase • A clause • A sentence
consists of consists of consists of
one or more one or more one or more
words. phrases. clauses.
• Based on the entries above, come up
with your own definition of the terms
phrase, clause and sentence.

12. Phrases, Clauses and Sentences
• A phrase is a group of words (or sometimes a
single word) that form a constituent and so
function as a single unit in the syntax of a
sentence.
Examples:
The title of the course that she was looking for
was Woodland Ecology.

13. Phrases, Clauses and Sentences
• A clause is the smallest grammatical unit that
can express a complete proposition.
Examples:
The title of the course that she was looking for
was Woodland Ecology.

14. Phrases, Clauses and Sentences
• A sentence is a grammatical unit expressing
an independent statement
, question, request, etc, often preceded and
followed in speech by pauses.
Example:
The title of the course that she was looking for
was Woodland Ecology.

15. Homework
Book:
- Pages 42 – 73 (Self-study)
“Parts of Speech”
Workbook:
- Pages 38 – 62 (Self-study)
“Parts of Speech”
Extra Exercise:
- “Parts of Speech”

16. Moodle Week
1) Grammar Key 13 4) Why the Twelve
• Word Forms English Verb Tenses
Matter
• Participial Parts of a Verb
2) Grammar Key 5
• Verb Tenses - Introduction
• Count and Non-count Nouns
3) Grammar Key 7
• Articles