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 Ingat Aturan Rantai pada Turunan :
 Jika kedua ruas diintegralkan, maka diperoleh
)('))(('))(( xgxgfxgf
dx
d
=
dxxgxgfdxxgf
dx
d
)('))(('))(( ∫∫ =
dxxgxgfCxgf )('))(('))(( ∫=+
dari definisi integral tak tentu
 Misal u = g(x), maka du = g’(x)dx
 Disubstitusi ke atas diperoleh
Cxgfdxxgxgf +=∫ ))(()('))(('
Cufduuf +=∫ )()('
1. Mulai dengan fungsi yang diintegralkan
2. Kita misalkan u = g(x)
3. Hitung du
4. Substitusi u dan du
5. Integralkan
6. Ganti u dengan g(x)
Hitunglah
Jawab
Misalkan u = 3x + 5 , maka du = 3 dx , dx = 1/3 du
Substitusi ke fungsi di atas diperoleh
dxx )53sin( +∫
CxCuududxx ++−=+−==+ ∫∫ )53cos(cossin)53sin(
 Hitunglah
 Jawab
 Misalkan u = -3x2
+ 5 , maka du = -6x dx atau
x dx = -1/6 du
dxxe x 53 2
9 +−
∫
CeCedue xuu
+−=+−=−= +−
∫
53 2
6
9
6
9
6
9
dxxe x 53 2
9 +−
∫
 Hitunglah
 Jawab
 Misalkan u = cos x , maka du = -sin x dx atau
sin x dx = -du.
Sehingga

xdxtan∫
dx
x
x
xdx ∫∫ =
cos
sin
tan
CxCxCu
u
du
dx
x
x
xdx +=+−=+−=
−
== ∫∫∫ seclncoslnln
cos
sin
tan
 Exercise
 Bentuk integral dapat
 diselesaikan dengan metode Integral By Parts
(Integral sebagian – sebagian) , yaitu
dxxfxgxgxfdxxgxf ∫∫ −= )(')()()()(')(
dxxgxf∫ )()(
Atau lebih dikenal dengan rumus
duvuvdvu ∫∫ −=
 Hitunglah
 Jawab
 Misalkan u = 3 – 5x , du = -5 dx.
dv = cos 4x , v = ¼ sin 4x dx
 Maka
dxxx )4cos()53(∫ −
∫∫ −−−=− )5)(4sin()4sin()(53()4cos()53( 4
1
4
1
dxxxxdxxx
 Hitunglah dxxx )ln()5( 3
∫ +
dxxe x
)cos(2
∫
dxxx )4cos(2
∫
a
b
c
Exercise
 Link to James Stewart
 The method of Partial Fractions provides a way
to integrate all rational functions. Recall that a
rational function is a function of the form
where P and Q are polynomials.
1. The technique requires that the degree of the
numerator (pembilang) be less than the degree
of the denominator (penyebut)
If this is not the case then we first must divide
the numerator into the denominator.
dx
xQ
xP
∫ )(
)(
2. We factor the denominator Q into powers of
distinct linear terms and powers of distinct
quadratic polynomials which do not have real
roots.
3. If r is a real root of order k of Q, then the partial
fraction expansion of P/Q contains a term of the
form

where A1, A2, ..., Ak are unknown constants.
k
k
rx
A
rx
A
rx
A
)()()( 2
21
−
++
−
+
−

4. If Q has a quadratic factor ax2
 + bx + c which
corresponds to a complex root of order k, then the
partial fraction expansion of P/Q contains a term of
the form

 where B1, B2, ..., Bk and C1, C2, ..., Ck are
unknown constants.
5. After determining the partial fraction expansion of
P/Q, we set P/Q equal to the sum of the terms of
the partial fraction expansion. (See Ex-2.Int.Frac)
k
kk
cbxax
CxB
cbxax
CxB
cbxax
CxB
)()( 222
22
2
11
++
+
++
++
+
+
++
+

6. We then multiply both sides by Q to get some
expression which is equal to P.
7. Now, we use the property that two polynomials
are equal if and only if the corresponding
coefficients are equal.
(see ex3-int.Fractional)
8. We express the integral of P/Q as the sum of
the integrals of the terms of the partial fraction
expansion.
(see Ex4-Int.Fractional)
9. Integrate linear factors:
rxAdx
rx
A
−=
−∫ ln
)(
1
1
111
)(
1)(
+−
−
+−
=
−∫
n
n
rx
n
A
dx
rx
A
for n > 1
10. Integrate quadratic factors:
Some simple formulas:






++=
+
+
∫ a
x
A
C
ax
B
dx
ax
CBx
arctan)ln(
2
22
22






+
+
−
=
+
+
∫ a
x
a
C
axa
BaCx
dx
ax
CBx
arctan
2)(2)( 3222
2
222
 Hitunglah
 Jawab
 Link Ex1-Int.Fractional
dx
xx
xx
214
16
2
23
−+
−+
∫
 Exercise
 Link to Drii – Int.Fractional
 Link to Strategi Pengintegralan
 Evaluate
 Answer
 Evaluate
 Answer
 Evaluate
 Answer
 Evaluate
 Answer
 Evaluate
 Answer
 Evaluate
 Answer
 Evaluate
 Answer
 Evaluate
 Answer
 Evaluate
 Answer
 Link to Tabel Rumus Umum integral

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Teknik-Pengintegralan

  • 1.
  • 2.  Ingat Aturan Rantai pada Turunan :  Jika kedua ruas diintegralkan, maka diperoleh )('))(('))(( xgxgfxgf dx d = dxxgxgfdxxgf dx d )('))(('))(( ∫∫ = dxxgxgfCxgf )('))(('))(( ∫=+ dari definisi integral tak tentu
  • 3.  Misal u = g(x), maka du = g’(x)dx  Disubstitusi ke atas diperoleh Cxgfdxxgxgf +=∫ ))(()('))((' Cufduuf +=∫ )()('
  • 4. 1. Mulai dengan fungsi yang diintegralkan 2. Kita misalkan u = g(x) 3. Hitung du 4. Substitusi u dan du 5. Integralkan 6. Ganti u dengan g(x)
  • 5. Hitunglah Jawab Misalkan u = 3x + 5 , maka du = 3 dx , dx = 1/3 du Substitusi ke fungsi di atas diperoleh dxx )53sin( +∫ CxCuududxx ++−=+−==+ ∫∫ )53cos(cossin)53sin(
  • 6.  Hitunglah  Jawab  Misalkan u = -3x2 + 5 , maka du = -6x dx atau x dx = -1/6 du dxxe x 53 2 9 +− ∫ CeCedue xuu +−=+−=−= +− ∫ 53 2 6 9 6 9 6 9 dxxe x 53 2 9 +− ∫
  • 7.  Hitunglah  Jawab  Misalkan u = cos x , maka du = -sin x dx atau sin x dx = -du. Sehingga  xdxtan∫ dx x x xdx ∫∫ = cos sin tan CxCxCu u du dx x x xdx +=+−=+−= − == ∫∫∫ seclncoslnln cos sin tan
  • 9.  Bentuk integral dapat  diselesaikan dengan metode Integral By Parts (Integral sebagian – sebagian) , yaitu dxxfxgxgxfdxxgxf ∫∫ −= )(')()()()(')( dxxgxf∫ )()( Atau lebih dikenal dengan rumus duvuvdvu ∫∫ −=
  • 10.  Hitunglah  Jawab  Misalkan u = 3 – 5x , du = -5 dx. dv = cos 4x , v = ¼ sin 4x dx  Maka dxxx )4cos()53(∫ − ∫∫ −−−=− )5)(4sin()4sin()(53()4cos()53( 4 1 4 1 dxxxxdxxx
  • 11.  Hitunglah dxxx )ln()5( 3 ∫ + dxxe x )cos(2 ∫ dxxx )4cos(2 ∫ a b c Exercise
  • 12.  Link to James Stewart
  • 13.  The method of Partial Fractions provides a way to integrate all rational functions. Recall that a rational function is a function of the form where P and Q are polynomials. 1. The technique requires that the degree of the numerator (pembilang) be less than the degree of the denominator (penyebut) If this is not the case then we first must divide the numerator into the denominator. dx xQ xP ∫ )( )(
  • 14. 2. We factor the denominator Q into powers of distinct linear terms and powers of distinct quadratic polynomials which do not have real roots. 3. If r is a real root of order k of Q, then the partial fraction expansion of P/Q contains a term of the form  where A1, A2, ..., Ak are unknown constants. k k rx A rx A rx A )()()( 2 21 − ++ − + − 
  • 15. 4. If Q has a quadratic factor ax2  + bx + c which corresponds to a complex root of order k, then the partial fraction expansion of P/Q contains a term of the form   where B1, B2, ..., Bk and C1, C2, ..., Ck are unknown constants. 5. After determining the partial fraction expansion of P/Q, we set P/Q equal to the sum of the terms of the partial fraction expansion. (See Ex-2.Int.Frac) k kk cbxax CxB cbxax CxB cbxax CxB )()( 222 22 2 11 ++ + ++ ++ + + ++ + 
  • 16. 6. We then multiply both sides by Q to get some expression which is equal to P. 7. Now, we use the property that two polynomials are equal if and only if the corresponding coefficients are equal. (see ex3-int.Fractional) 8. We express the integral of P/Q as the sum of the integrals of the terms of the partial fraction expansion. (see Ex4-Int.Fractional)
  • 17. 9. Integrate linear factors: rxAdx rx A −= −∫ ln )( 1 1 111 )( 1)( +− − +− = −∫ n n rx n A dx rx A for n > 1
  • 18. 10. Integrate quadratic factors: Some simple formulas:       ++= + + ∫ a x A C ax B dx ax CBx arctan)ln( 2 22 22       + + − = + + ∫ a x a C axa BaCx dx ax CBx arctan 2)(2)( 3222 2 222
  • 19.  Hitunglah  Jawab  Link Ex1-Int.Fractional dx xx xx 214 16 2 23 −+ −+ ∫
  • 20.  Exercise  Link to Drii – Int.Fractional
  • 21.  Link to Strategi Pengintegralan
  • 31.  Link to Tabel Rumus Umum integral