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1. Emergency department-
• A serious, unexpected, and often dangerous situation requiring immediate action .
• AREA- the total internal area of the emergency department, should be at least 145m2(1560sqft) for 100 beds hospitals
• Medical emergency is situation when patient requires urgent and high quality medical care to prevent loss of life or limb to
initiate action for the restoration of normal healthy life.
General requirements-
• Entrance for patients arriving by ambulance, other modes of transportation, or conveyances.
• Separate from main hospital entrance.
• Porch outside the lobby to protect the unloading of the patients from rain and sunlight.
• Approach to lobby should be in the form of ramp and steps and it should be appreciate to use by the
disabled.
• The emergency department entrance mostly red and white sign is clearly visible.
Interface with other clinical areas-
• The ED must have ready access to those critical care areas and diagnostic facilities necessary from morden emergency medicine
to be practiced.
• Clinical areas which should be adjacent to the ED include.
• OT
• ICU
• BLOOD BAMCK
• LABORATORY
• OPD
• MORTUARY
• CCU
• Many sub-depts like OT, diagnostic
LOCATION OF THE EMERGENCY DEPARTMENT-
• ED needs to be placed in an area of the hospitals that is
accessible to emergency vehicles entering the site.
• Ed clinical areas should be on the ground floor.
• Located adjacent to OPD.

2. FLOW CHART FOR THE ED-
DOCTORS
ROOM
POLICE
ENQUIRY
STORAGE FOR
WHEEL CAIR
STRETCHER
PORTICO
60SQM
AMBULANCE
BAY 2 NOS OF
60SQM
RECEPTION AND
BULLING COUNTER
NOS- 8SQM
TOILET FOR
STAFF
6SQ.M
NURSE ROOM
ISOLATION
CUBICLES
OBSERVATIO
N WARD -
6NOS OF BED
RESUSCITATION
AND TRAUMA-
4NOS OF BED=
STORAG
E 8SQM
PLASTER
ROOM-
20SQM
TRIAGE ROOM
NURSE STATION-
4SQM
TOILETS
FOR
PATIENTS-
6SQM
DIRTY
UTILITY -
8SQM
GYNEA.AND
OBSTETRICS
ROOM 10SQM
TOILET
FOR
STAFF
6SQM
LOBBY
WAITING
AREA
2SQ.M

3. ENTRANCE DETAILS-
• Separate from main hospital entrance.
• Should be well marked and illuminated.
• It should open into spacious lobby.
• Porch outside the lobby to protect the unloading of
the patients from rain and sunlight.
• Approach to lobby should be in the from of ramp and
steps.
PORTICO-
AMBULANCE BAY:-

4. CIRCULATION DETAILS-
Corridors-
• Corridors provide patent, relative and staff access to all
parts of the emergency department, as well as access to
service areas of the emergency department, to storage ,
and access to equipment that is needed frequently or
urgently.
• Clinical areas- the minimum must be to allow 2 trolleys/
wheelchairs to pass easily with associated equipment e.g..
• A minimum width of 3m is recommended
Staircase and ramp details-
• Width of the staircase and ramp is min. 1500mm.
• Riser – 120mm
• Tread- 300mm.

5. CIRCULATION DETAILS-
RAMP-
• The slop ratio for the ramp 1:10.
• And the width of the ramp also 1500mm.
HANDRAIL DETAILS-
• The handrails are provided where the steps and ramp used.
• And also handrail provide for disable people.