music of cordillera, mindoro, palawan and visayas

2. MUSIC OF CORDILLERA
Sadimumay
- a song famous in Cordilleras, was introduced during
world war II
- limited voice range and the use of ornamentations like
tremolos or trills and slides are one of the musical
characteristics of this song.
- it is usually sung by groups and for use in entertainment.

3. BAD – IW
- AN IBALOY/IBALOI RITUAL SONG.
- USES A LEADER CHORUS TYPE OF SINGING.
- RITUAL USUALLY GIVES HOPE OF GAINING FAVORS
FOR THE LIVING FROM THE SPIRITUAL – RELATIVES.

4. Og – gayam
- itneg (tribe) song.
- performed during festivals, weddings, peace
agreements, harvest time, or even in welcoming
guest.
- KALINGA FLUTE can accompany the melody of
the Og – gayam during performances.

5. KALINGA ETHNIC INSTRUMENTS
- One of the most preserved traditions is the Kalinga ethnic instruments
that has been used for many years now.
- Very rich in singing and instrument playing
- Part of everyday experiences
- Used of ethnic instruments plays importance role in the lives of the
people
- Musical instruments use in various rituals and festivities show
differences in the construction
- The manner and style of playing them and their sound, although there are
striking similarities among them.

6. ETHNIC POP
• Appeared in phils. On 1980s.
• Seeks to incorporate ethnic component into modern music culture such as the structure of the music,
types of musical instruments, and the attire of the participants.
• Most tackled contemporary problems in society, particularly environment, human rights and social
justice.
• It is quest as “unique” and “national” identity.
• Ryan Cayabyab who ventured into ethnic pop, Asin (band), Emil Sanglay, and other musicians who
advocate genre.

7. THE DIFFERENT ETHNIC INSTRUMENTS
1. GANGSA (OLD NAME FOR COPPER
OR BRASS)
- Flat gong without boss and considered as the
most treasured instrument among the Kalinga.
- Played during festivities like peace
agreements, burial rites, or head-hunting
ceremonies.

8. TWO WAYS OF PLAYING GANGSA
•GANGSA – TOPAYYA
-Set of set graduated gong tied to the belts of the six men who kneel
down and lay their gongs to their lap
•GANGSA – PALOOK
- Requires six or more men striking the inner side of the gong with
sticks and allowing them to vibrate.

10. 2. BUNKAKA OR BALINGBING
(BAMBOO BUZZER)
•Bamboo tube with an opening or split
at one end
•Payed by striking the split end
against the palm of the hand to
produce a buzzing sound.
•played to drive away evil spirits

11. 3. PATANGGUK
(Quill – Shaped Tube)
•Made of one internode of
a long slender variety of
bamboo.
•Struck against a bamboo
tube or piece of hardwood

12. 4. PATATAG OR PATETEG
(LEG XYLOPHONE)
•Set of bamboo blades in graduated
size.
•Played in an ensemble of six members
by one or two sticks and produces
strong and dampened sound.

13. 5. TANGATONG
(STAMPING TUBE)
•Consisting of six
bamboo tubes of
different lengths with
node base but open at
the upper ends.

14. 6. ULIBAW
(JEW’S HARP)
• Bamboo instrument made of thin, narrow strip of bamboo
brass.
• Its name varies from tribe to tribe: kolobau (tingguian),
uribaw (apayao), aba – a’fu (bontok), akpio (ifugao metal
harp), and afiw (bontoc metal harp)
• Characterize by very thin slit with a thin tongue at the middle
part.
• Used for courtship, intertainment and usually played solo.

15. 7. KOLITONG/KULITONG
•A string instrument made of
single bamboo piece
around 3 3-4 inch in
diameter with node at each
end.

16. 8. SAGGEYPO
(PIPE)
• SET OF FIVE, SIX OR MORE BAMBOO PIPES WITH
DIFFERENT SIZES PLAYED IN THREE OR MORE
ENSEMBLES.
• PLAYED SEPARATELY
• PLAYER MAYBE ASSIGNED TO PLAY ONE OR TWO
PIPES.

17. 9. DIWDIW – AS
(PANPIPES)
•ROW OF 5 OR MORE SLIM
BAMBOO TUBES OF
VARYING LENGTHS TIED TO
EACH OTHER.

18. 10. TONGALI (NOSE FLUTE)
• FROM IFUGAO AND KALINGA
• NOSE FLUTE INSTRUMENT ORIGINATED FROM MANY TRIBES
AND CALLED BY MANY NAMES
• FIVE FINGER HOLES
• NORMALLY PLAYED SOLO BY MEN TO WOO WOMAN FOR
GENERAL ENTERTAINMENT

19. 11. SULIBAW/SOLIBAO (CONICAL DRUM)
•Drum with skin
head played with
a padded stick or
by tapping using
open hands.

20. 12. PALDONG
•TRADITIONAL BAMBOO LIP –
VALLEY FLUTE.
•OPEN AT BOTH ENDS AND
HAS FOUR FINGER HOLES

21. INSTRUMENT CHARACTERISTICS
• AN ENSEMBLE PRODUCE SIX DIFFERENT PITCHES BECAUSE OF ITS GRADUATED SIZES.
• INTERLOCKING TECHNIQUE
- STYLISTIC DEVICE CREATING RESULTANT MELODY THROUGH DISTRIBUTION OF FIVE OR MORE INSTRUMENTS.
• CLASSIFICATION OF INSTRUMENTS
1. AEROPHONE – WIND INSTRUMENT
2. CHORDOPHONE – STRING INSTRUMENTS
3. IDIOPHONE – PLUCKED/PERCUSSION INSTRUMENTS
4. MEMBRANOPHONE – STRIKING INSTRUMENTS

22. •MANGYANS
- ONE OF THE TRIBR PLAYES MAJOR ROLE IN MINDORO
- THEY HAVE MUSIC RITUALS FROM BIRTH TO DEATH
- VOCAL MUSIC IS FORM OF SONGS AND CHANTS
-MAXIMUM USED OF BAMBOO INSTRUMENTS
MUSIC OF MINDORO AND PALAWAN

23. AMBAHAN
-A TRADITIONAL CHANT OF THE SOUTHERN MANGYANS OF MINDORO
-MOST OFTEN PERFORM AS A CHANT WITHOUT A DETERMINED TONALITY OR
INSTRUMENTAL ACCOMPANIMENT.
-IT HAS DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS THAT ARE EXPRESSED IN A SYMBOLIC WAY.
-CREATED BY MANYANS TO SERVE DIFFERENT PURPOSES WITH IN THE
COMMUNITY.
-MANGYANS WANTS THIER AMBAHAN TO BE REMEMBER, TAUGHT AND PASSED ON
THE NEXT GENERATION.
-THEY WROTE AND CARVE THIER CHANTS IN BAMBOO LATHS USING ANY POINTED
SHARP OBJECTS

24. FOLLOWS CERTAIN SERIES OF THEMES;
•BIRTH
•CHILDHOOD
•ADOLESCENCE COURTSHIP
•WORK
•ILLNESS
home
problems
adulthood
death
wedding

26. MANGYAN'S MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
•BATIWTIW
IT IS 40 CM BAMBOO
INSTRUMENTFROM
MINDORO, PLAYED BY
STRIKING THE SPLIT END OF
A BAMBOO AGAINST THE
PALM.

27. GITGIT
•IT IS BAMBOO INSTRUMENT
WITH THREE OR FOUR STRINGS.
THE BOW IS MADE FROM HUMAN
HAIR. CAN ACCOMPANY THE
RECITING OF AMBAHAN IN
BETWEEN VERSES DURONG
COURTSHIP.

28. KUDLUNG
•BOAT - SHAPED BODY WITH FRETS THE MANNER OF PLAYING
THE STRINGS IS THROUGH PLUCKING. IT IS ALSO CALLED AS
KUTIYAPI OR KUDYAPI. IN MAGUINDANAO

29. KALUTANG
KIND OF MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
FOUND IN MARINDUQUE
PLAYED IN PAIRS TO PRODUCE
THE HARMONIES HARMONIES
OF SECONDS,THIRDS, OR
FOURTHS

30. KINABAN
•A BAMBOO INSTRUMENT OF
DIFFERENT SHAPES
APPROXIMATELY OF PEN SIZE
WITH A NARROW VIBRATING
TONGUE IN THE MIDDLE PART

31. LANTOY
•TRANSVERSE FLUTE WITH
FIVE HOLES AND IS TUNED
DIATONICALLY. IT IS ALSO
CALLED AS BADTEK IN
BUKIDNON.

32. AGUNG
•USED IN AN ENSEMBLE BY THE
HANUNOO, WHICH CONSIST OF TWO
LIGHT GONGS PLAYED BY TWO MEN
SQUATTING ON THE FLOOR: ONE MAN
BEATS WITH A LIGHT PADDED STICK
ON THE RIM OF ONE OF THE GONGS.
BOTH PERFORMERS PLAY IN SIMPLE
DUPLE RHYTHMS.

33. PALAWAN'S MUSICAL INSTRUMENT
•SULING
IT IS A LONG BAMBOO TUBE
INSTRUMENT WITH A VERY THIN
SURFACE. THE HEAD OF THE SULING IS
SMALL HOLE, WHICH IS CIRCLED WITH A
THIN BAND MADE OF RATTAN TO
PRODUCE AIR VIBRATION.

34. ARUDING
•BAMBOO JEW'S HARP. IT IS AN
IDIOPHONE INSTRUMENT ALSO
KNOWN AS “THE SPEAKING
INSTRUMENT” IT HAS THE
COUNTERPART INSTRUMENT
FROM MINDANAO.

35. KUSYAPIG
•IT IS A LONG NECKED
PLUCKED LUTE
INSTRUMENTS. IT HAS TWO
STRINGS, ONE USED A
MELODY AND THE OTHER FOR
THE DRONE. ITS BODY IS
MADE OF WOOD

36. PAGANG
•IT IS A BAMBOO ZITHER
MADE FROM A SINGLE -
BAMBOO PIECE. IT IS ALSO
CALLED AS KOLITONG IN
BONTOC

37. AGUNG
•PLAYED WITH ENSEMBLE
•CONSIST OF TWO
SUSPENDED GONGS WITH
BOSS

38. MUSIC OF VISAYAS
•VISAYANS HAVE DIFFERENT RITUALS, CEREMONIES AND
LEISURE THAT THEY PREFER TO ACCOMPANY WITH
MUSIC AND INSTRUMENTS
•THEY ARE FOND OF SINGING, DANCING, AND PLAYING
TRADITIONAL INSTRUMENT.

39. BALITAW
• AN OLD VISAYAN FOLK SONG
• ITS METER IS THE SAME AS THE KUNDIMAN'S TRIPLE TIME, BUT THE BALITAW PROCEEDS IN A LIFTING AND JOYFUL
MANNER.
• IT WAS ORIGINALLY AN INDIGENOUS SONG AND DANCE DEBATE OR DIALOGUE SONG IN WHICH A MAN AND WOMAN
COMPLETE TO SEE WHO IS BETTER AT IMPROVISING ROMANTIC VERSES.
• IT IS SUNG MORE THAN IT IS DANCED.
• THE LYRICS ARE EXPRESSIONS OF VISAYAN ACTIVIES AND EXPERIENCES AND SOMETIMES MEMORIEZE IN
ADVANCE.
• FADED AWAY BY THE 1930S AND IS NO LONGER OBSERVED IN VISYAN SOCIETY THOUGH THE SONGS ARE STILL
PERFORMED.

41. PASTORES
•CHRISTMAS SONG PERFORMED IN SAMAR.
•IT ISUT THE STORY OF THE SHEPEREDS WHO VISITED THE BABY JESUS
IN MANGER.
•THE PRESENTATION IS THROUGH SINGING THE WORSHIP SON
“DAYGON” IN A HAPPY MOOD EXPRESSING THE PEOPLE TO CELEBRATE
AS THE SAVIOR WAS BORN.

43. BUKTOT
•CHORDOPHONE INSTRUMENT
MADE FROM COCONUT SHELL
WITH FOUR STRINGS IT IS
PLAYED WITH A BOW.

44. AGUNG
•IT IS HEAVY WIDE - RIMMED
SUSPENDED GONG
•IT PRODUCES A BASS SOUND IN
THE PERCUSSION SECTION. IT
CAN BE PLAYED TOGETHER WITH
DRUMS.

45. TULALI
•IT IS A BAMBOO FLUTE WITH SIX
FINGER HOLES.
•THIS AEROPHONE INSTRUMENT IS
USUALLY USED DURING HOLY WEEK
PARTICULARLY ON GOOD FRIDAY.

46. END OF PRESENTATION