Noise level in universities in Cairo and its effect on students

1. Investigation of noise level in universities
in Cairo and its effect on students
Eng. Esraa Hussein

2. Introduction
• Noise pollution is one of the biggest problems that face the humanity and the
environment especially in the last years as a result of the developments in all fields
and the increasing of population. According to WHO “World Health
Organization” noise pollution is any sound that level exceed 65 dB. WHO
recommended noise levels be kept below 65 dB during the day and indicates that
restful sleep is impossible with nighttime ambient noise levels in excess of 30 dB.
Traffic is one of the main sources of noise pollution in Egypt. About 60% of noise
that we exposed to in Egypt is from traffic. Noise from traffic represented by
vehicles speed, engine sound, friction between tires and road surface, radios,
driver’s behavior like the use of car horn and poor urban planning.

3. Literature Review:
Study Noise level mapping in University of Jos, Nigeria. Measure the distribution of
noise levels in University of Jos and determined the intensity of noise at different
locations within the campus at different times and days of the week. The noise level
recorded at the university for the period of 1 week ranged from 53.4 to 138.5 dB
while noise level limit recommended for educational institutions is 35dB. In order to
solve the noise problem, should reassign the land uses, especially the car parks to
reduce the noise generated from these places.
Noise level mapping in University of Jos, Nigeria
Elijah A.Akintunde, Julius Y. Bayei & John A. Akintunde
GeoJournal (2020)

4. Sayed Abas, 2012, collected data about the noise in twelve classes located in six
schools, within Assiut city. Measured school noise levels in Assiut city were ranged
between LAeq 61.3 dB and LAeq 73.2 dB, while the noise level in sensitive areas like
schools set by the Ministry of Environment is 45 dB.

6. Found that absence of road traffic noise, reduce LAeq by 12.6 dB. In case of absence
of railway noise, LAeq was decreased 11.3 dB. In case of absence of chatter in
classroom LAeq was decreased 8.2 dB.

7. • collected data about noise levels in 9 schools
in Cairo Governorate. The results showed that
the average sound level during school day was
ranged from 73 dB to 78 dB. The interior noise
measurements were ranged from 54 dB to 62
dB while the environmental limits for school
classes is 45 dB.
Mona Kamal and Reem Abd El-Rahman
“ 2012 ”

8. 2017

9. • Study the effect of roadside vegetation to reduce the road traffic noise by varying
planting intensities. The results showed that using vegetation from minimal to
moderate planting intensity reduce traffic noise by 50%. It found that a 5 m depth
of vegetation barrier was is an ideal depth for traffic noise reduction. Without the
vegetative barrier, the observed mean noise levels were 78 dB. Using vegetative
barriers (moderate to dense) reduce traffic noise by 9-11 dB.

10. • Study reducing traffic noise by using porous road surface. Six different types of
passenger cars were selected for measurement. For each car the sound pressure
level was measured twice under the same conditions: dry pavement, no wind, air
temperature between 14 and 18 °C. First, with the old dense asphalt surface, and a
few days later, with the new porous asphalt surface. Change of the road surface to
porous surface, leads reduce the noise level and annoyance for all velocities within
the range of 20 <V<60 km/h.

12. Data Collection & Methodology
10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00 12:30 1:00 1:30 2:00
Uni. 1 87.5 80 69 70 82 68.6 72 76.8
Uni. 2 71.6 75 70 72 72.4 70 65 67
Uni. 3 65 60 62 55 57 54.4 52 51.6
Uni. 4 92 95.4 88 75 86 83.7 76.9 90.7
Table (1): Noise measurement in Universities

13. 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
10:30 11:00 11:30 12:00 12:30 1:00 1:30 2:00
Noise Level
Uni. 1 Uni. 2 Uni. 3 Uni. 4

18. Do you suffer from noise sources in the university
Yes 60%
No 15%
To some extent 25%
Did your concentration effected by noise level
Yes 80%
No 10%
To some extent 10%
What are the most annoying sources of noise while you are inside the
university
Equipment Sound 15%
Student Sound 80%
Traffic 5%
No Noise Source ---
Do you suffer from one or more of Pathological symptoms while you
are inside the university?
Hearing impairment 10%
headache 75%
lack of concentration 65%
high blood pressure 5%
Suffer from nothing 1%

19. Hyperacusis
• Hyperacusis is a hearing disorder that makes it hard to deal with some types of
sounds. It also called Sound or Noise Sensitivity or Misophonia. If you have it,
certain sounds may seem unbearably loud even though people around you don't
seem to notice them. There is no an exact statistic about the actual number of people
who suffer from hyperacusis, but during the study we found that 6% of the students
we studied on them suffer from hyperacusis.

20. Sources of noise sensitivity

21. Heart Rate
• We exposed two students, one of them a
normal student and the other suffering from
sound sensitivity to the same noise level, and
we measured the heart rate. We noticed that the
heart rate rise to 106 while the normal student
had a heart rate of 80

22. Sleeping Analysis

23. During deep
sleep, a variety of
functions take
place in the mind
and body:
• physical recovery occurs
• blood sugar levels and metabolism balance out
• the immune system is energized
• the brain detoxifies

24. Effect on sensitive people

25. Conclusion &
Recommendation
:
- Quieter Cars reduce noise 8dB - 15dB.
- Limits car speed
- Vegetative barriers reduce noise 9dB -11dB.
- Apply System and rules reduce about 7dB - 9dB
- Maintenance of Equipment and machines
- Modifying Existing Old Equipment
- New alternative (quieter) techniques
- New Equipment or machines to reduce noise
level.
- Prevent the use of car horns in universities
areas reduce about 5dB.

26. Installation of
barriers

28. Reference
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/338404606_Noise_level_mapping_in_University_of_Jos_Nigeria
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003682X12003088
• http://www.eeaa.gov.eg/portals/0/eeaaReports/air/Noise/final%20Paper%20of%20El%20Azhr-.pdf
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003682X17300270
• https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0003682X0200124X
• http://www.eeaa.gov.eg/portals/0/eeaaReports/air/Noise/ ‫ﺗ‬
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• https://www.webmd.com/brain/sound-sensitivity-hyperacusis#1
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Misophonia
• https://www.webteb.com/articles/ ‫ا‬
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• https://www.healthline.com/health/how-much-deep-sleep-do-you-need#deep-sleep
• http://www.woodfitacoustics.com/project/clongowes-wood-college/

29. Thank You