This topic was presented for Nutrition student on the Food-Drug Interaction subject.

1. The Benefits of Herbal
Medicine in Archipelago
Emmy Kardinasari, M.Sc.
Department of Nutrition
Health Polytechnic of Pangkalpinang

2. Definition The Benefits
Local Studies Nasional Studies
01 02
03 04
Outlines

3. Herbal Medicine
• An herb is a plant or plant part used for its scent, flavor,
or therapeutic properties.
• Herbal medicines are one type of dietary supplement.
• They are sold as tablets, capsules, powders, teas,
extracts, and fresh or dried plants. People use herbal
medicines to try to maintain or improve their health.
• Negara tropis seperti Indonesia memiliki berbagai
tanaman yang dapat dijadikan sebagai obat herbal.
• Pemanfaatan untuk bahan aromatik, suplemen, atau
pengobatan

4. Active Ingredients
• Herbal medicines contain active ingredients.
• The active ingredients of many herbal preparations are as yet
unknown.
• Some pharmaceutical medications are based on a single
active ingredient derived from a plant source.
• Practitioners of herbal medicine believe that an active
ingredient can lose its impact or become less safe if used in
isolation from the rest of the plant.
• Terdapat bahan aktif yang bermanfaat dalam obat-obatan
herbal.

5. The Use of Herbal Medicine
• Herbal medicine aims
to return the body to a
state of natural balance
so that it can heal
itself. Different herbs
act on different systems
of the body.
• Obat Herbal dapat
membantu tubuh
sembuh lebih cepat
dengan sendirinya.

6. Benefits (Manfaat)
A. Can help to reduce side effects.
Herbal medicine is a natural entity so our bodies can respond to it
positively. Lebih mudah beradaptasi dengan sistem tubuh karena merupakan
bahan alami dari alam.
B. Can help with self-healing
Prescription drugs usually just mask the issue or put a bandaid over it. Herbal
medicine, on the other hand, may force individuals to listen to what the
body is saying and to target the source of pain or discomfort.
Penyembuhan tubuh secara mandiri dan mendukung proses tubuh
menyembuhkan diri sendiri.

7. Benefits (Manfaat) 2
A. Can help improve the overall health
Herbal medicines provide several notable health benefits. These medicines
are used to treat the cause of the issues you are having and not just mask
the symptoms. Menargetkan penyebab, tidak hanya gejala atau tidak hanya
meredakan rasa sakit.
B. Can actually save money
Patients can actually save money when they opt for herbal medicines. Some
prescription drugs can cost a lot of money, and if you don’t have health
coverage, you would be paying out of pocket for these costs. Herbal
medicine tends to be cheaper. Lebih murah dan terjangkau.

8. Herbal Medicine Researches
• Oxidative stress and inflammation are the main perpetrators in various diseases.
Inflammation factors were prominent in many degenerative diseases.
• Medicine always produced according to needs.
• Disease.
• Endemic.

9. Local Study: VCO
• Bangka is one of the main area for
coconut plantation in Indonesia.
• Utilisation of local potential to
improve health and growth.
• Therapeutic function exploration of
local functional food.
• Widely consummed and traditionally
produced at household level.

10. VCO Extraction Methods

11. Extraction Method: Heating VCO Ectraction

12. Extraction Method: Cold Press VCO Extraction

13. Previous Studies on Bangka
Origin Virgin Coconut Oil

14. After extraction, phytochemical analysis was conducted.
Study 1: Phytochemical Analysis of VCO
Alkaloids;
Promoted inhibition to the production of inflammatory factors. Improved nerve
conditions in diseases such as Alzheimer's and autoimmune diseases that weaken
muscles.
Saponins;
Protective function against microorganisms that could harm humans, promotes lysis
of bacteria membrane. Saponins was able to suppress cytokine activity and reducing
activation of Th1 factor.
(Phytochemical identification of bangka origin virgin green coconut oil: Anti-inflammatory and anti-
bacterial potential; Kardinasari E, and Devriany A, 2020)

15. • Backrolling massage was given to post-partum mother, a group received only the
massage and the other group received massage with VCO as ointment.
• It was shown from this study that the group receiving massage with VCO has
improved breastmilk production of the 7th day compared to the group that received
massage only.
• Hence, giving back Rolling massage with VCO is the more recommended method in
improving breastmilk production.
(The Effect of Back Rolling Massage Method with Virgin Coconut Oil Extract Towards Breastmilk Production on Post
Partum Mother in Pangkalpinang City, Indonesia; Devriany A, Kardinasari E, Harindra, Bohari, 2021)
Study 2: VCO Used to Improve Breastmilk Production in Post-Partum Mothers

16. On Going Studies of Bangka
Origin VCO in 2022

17. Production Efficacy: Yields Production
No. Extraction Method VCO Yield R1 (ml) VCO Yield R2 (ml)
VCO Yield
(ml)
1. Heating 450 470 460
2. Fermentation 440 420 425
⁕ Heating and fermentation method were used to extract VCO from the locally
harvested VCO.
⁕ There is no significant difference of total VCO yields produced through the two
methods with p value = 0.34.
⁕ P > 0.05, this indicates that both method can produce equal number of VCO
from the same amount of coconut cream.

18. Production Efficacy: Oxidation Induction Time
⁕ Heating and fermentation method were used to extract VCO from the locally
harvested VCO.
⁕ The one tailed T-test showed that there is a significant difference induction time
of VCO groups produced through the two methods with p value = 0.0017.
⁕ P < 0.05, this indicates that the VCO extracted through fermentation has better
oxidation resistance, hence we can conclude that it has as better antioxidant
potential.
No. Extraction Methods
Induction Time
(hours) Average Induction Time
(hours)
1 2
1 Heating 25.84 24.52 25.18
2 Fermentation 41.54 43.08 42.31

19. Kombucha Teh Tayu

21. Daun Wungu

24. Special considerations for herbal medicine
• Herbal medicines can be mistakenly thought to be completely safe
because they are 'natural' products. This is not always correct.
• Herbal medicines may produce negative effects that can range from mild
to severe, including:
• Allergic reactions and rashes (alergi kemerahan pada kulit)
• Asthma (sesak napas)
• Headaches, sakit kepala
• Nausea, mual
• Vomiting, muntah
• Diarrhoea, diare

25. Be aware herbal medicine can interact with
other medications
• Herbal medications and supplements may interact in harmful ways with
over-the-counter or prescription medicines you are taking.
• Interaksi obat herbal dengan obat lain dapat memberikan efek yang
merugikan.
• Taking herbal supplements may increase or decrease the effectiveness of
other drugs you are taking or may increase the risk of negative side
effects.
• Dapat menggangu kerja obat lain yang bukan merupakan obat herbal,
tetapi ada pula kasus yang justru menguntungkan atau meningkatkan
efektivitas obat lain.

26. Medicinal uses for specific herbs
• Echinacea – to stimulate the immune system and aid the body in fighting infection.
Used to treat ailments such as boils, fever and herpes.
• Dong quai (dang gui) – used for gynaecological complaints such as premenstrual
tension, menopause symptoms and period pain. Some studies indicate that dong quai
can lower blood pressure.
• Garlic – used to reduce the risk of heart disease by lowering levels of blood fats
and cholesterol (a type of blood fat). The antibiotic and antiviral properties of garlic
mean that it is also used to fight colds, sinusitis and other respiratory infections.
• Ginger – many studies have shown ginger to be useful in treating nausea,
including motion sickness and morning sickness.
• Ginkgo biloba – commonly used to treat poor blood circulation and tinnitus (ringing
in the ears).
• Ginseng – generally used to treat fatigue, for example during recovery from illness.
It is also used to reduce blood pressure and cholesterol levels, however overuse of
ginseng has been associated with raised blood pressure.

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