Introduction to Basics of Python

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INTO PYTHON BASICS,
ITS POWER & VERSATILITY

iNTRODUCTION
TO PYTHON
Python is a high-level programming
language that is widely used in various
fields, including data
science, web development, and artificial
intelligence. Some of the key elements of
Python include:
01
DATA TYPES
02
VARIABLES
03
OPERATORS
04
CONDITIONAL
STATEMENTS
05
LOOPS
06
FUNCTIONS
07
LIBRARIES

Data Types:
So Many Flavors, So
Little Time!
In Python, data types are categories of
values that determine how the values
behave and what operations can be
performed on them. Here are some
common data types and their examples:
TYPES DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES
Numeric
Represents numerical
values
'int' , 'float' , 'complex'
Sequence
Represents a collection of
ordered and indexed values
'list' , 'tuple' , 'range'
Text
Represents a sequence of
characters
'str'
Mapping
key-value pairs
'dict'
Set
unique elements
'set' , 'frozenset'
Boolean
Represents a binary truth
value
'bool'
Binary Represents binary data
'bytes' , 'bytearray' ,
'memoryview'

Examples that shows how different data types can be used in
Python:

Variables:
Party Time! Get
Your Data On!
A variable in Python is just a name that
represents a value, and you can use it to
store and manipulate data throughout
your program.
Let’s understand the same with a small
example:
In Python, we’ll try to create a variable called "age" and
assign a value to it, like this:
Now, whenever you need to use that age value in your
program, you can just use the variable name "age". For
example:
The output will be:
In this example, the variable "age" is assigned the value 15.
Then, the print statement uses the value of the variable
"age" to output the string "I am 15 years old."
Note: We use the str() function to convert the integer value
of "age" into a string, so we can concatenate it with the
other strings in the output statement.

Operators:
Go crazy with
Calculations!
In Python, operators are symbols or
special characters that allow you to
perform different kinds of operations on
variables and values.
Here's a table that summarizes the
different types of operators in Python,
along with their descriptions and
examples:
Arithmetic
Operators
Used to perform arithmetic
operations
'2 + 3' returns '5'
Comparison
Operators
Used to compare
values
'2 < 3' returns 'True'
Logical
Operators
Used to combine and
manipulate boolean values
'True and False' returns
'False'
Bitwise
Operators
Used to perform
bitwise operations
'5 & 3' returns '1'
Assignment
Operators
Used to assign values
to variables
'x=5'
Identity
Operators
Used to compare the
memory location of
two objects
'x is y' returns 'True'
Membership
Operators
Used to check if a
value is present in a
sequence
'2 in [1, 2, 3]' return 'True'

Conditional
Statements:
Be the boss of your
code!
Conditional statements in allow you to control
the flow of your program based on certain
conditions. They are used to make decisions in
your code, and they help your program to be
more flexible and responsive to different inputs.
Here's a detailed description along with
examples that demonstrates the different types
of conditional statements in Python to perform
various kinds of checks, such as checking if a
number is greater than a certain value, or if it
falls within a certain range. When you run this
code, you will see the output for each
conditional statement.
If
statement
Executes a block
of code if a condition
is true
'x=5' 
'if x>3:' 
'print("x is greater than 3")'
If else
statement
Executes one block
of code if a condition
is true and another
block if it is false
'x=2' 
'if x>3: ' 
'print("x is greater than 3")' 
'else:' 
'print("x is less than or equal to 3")'
elif
statement
Executes a block of
code if a condition is true,
and if not, checks
another condition
'x = 5' 
'if x > 7: ' 
'print("x is
greater than 7")' 
'elif x > 3: ' 
'print("x is greater than 3 but less
than or equal to 7")' 
'else:' 
nested if
statement
Executes a block of
code if a condition is true,
and that block
can contain another
if statement
'x = 5' 
'if x > 3:' 
'if x < 7:' 
'print("x is between 3 and7")' 
'else:' 
'print("x is greater than or equal to 7")' 
'else:'

Loops:
Repeat After Me!
Loops are used to repeat a block of code multiple
times until a certain condition is met. There are
two main types of loops in Python: for loops and
while loops.
Here's an example of a for loop that iterates over
a list of numbers and prints each number along
with the output. In this example, the loop will
continue to run as long as count is greater than
0. Each time the loop runs, it prints the value of
count, then subtracts 1 from it. Eventually, count
becomes 0, and the loop stops running.
There are also other types of loops in Python,
such as nested loops, which allow you to put one
loop inside another, and break and continue
statements, which allow you to control the flow
of the loop.
INPUT OUTPUT
FOR
LOOP
LOOP TYPE DESCRIPTION
'for' loop
Used to iterate over a sequence of elements,
such as a list or string
'while' loop
Used to repeat a block of code while a certain
condition is true
WHILE
LOOP

FUNCTION TYPE DESCRIPTION
Built-in
functions
Functions that are built in python and can be
used without needing to define them.
Examples - 'print()' , 'len()' and 'range()'
User-defined
functions
Functions that you create yourself to perform
a specific task. They can be reused multiple
times throughout your code.
Functions:
The Superheroes
of Code!
Functions are reusable blocks of code that perform
a specific task. They allow you to write a piece of
code once and use it multiple times without having
to rewrite the code. There are two main types of
functions in Python: built-in functions and user-
defined functions.
In this example, we define a function called
add_numbers() that takes two parameters, a and b.
The function adds a and b together and returns the
sum. We then call the function with the values 2
and 3, which returns 5. Finally, we print the result.
INPUT OUTPUT
Built-in
function
User-
defined
function

Functions
Continue...
Here's an example of using the math library to
calculate the square root of a number:
Another example is using the pandas library to
read a CSV file and display its contents:

Python's Top Guns:
The Most Important
Libraries
1. NumPy
NumPy is a library for numerical computing in
Python. It provides fast and efficient array
operations and linear algebra routines.
2. Pandas
Pandas is a library for data manipulation
and analysis in Python. It provides
powerful tools for working with structured
data, such as dataframes and series.
Example for importing NumPy
Library in Python
Example for importing Pandas
Library in Python

Libraries
Continue...
Matplotlib is a library for data visualization
in Python. It provides a variety of plots and
charts for visualizing data, including line
plots, scatter plots, and histograms.
Scikit-learn is a library for machine
learning in Python. It provides tools for
data preprocessing, model selection, and
evaluation, as well as a range of machine
learning algorithms.
Example for importing
Matplotlib Library in Python
Example for importing Scikit-
learn library in Python
3. Matplotlib
4. Scikit-learn

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