1. DR.IJAZ ALAM BUKHARI
Gomal Medical College DIK

2.  The abnormal (Excessive)
accumulation of fluid in a body tissue.
 Accumulation may be in Interstitium
or intra cellular

3.  INTRACELLULAR
 Intra cellular swelling due to accumulation of fluid
in cell
 EXTRACELLULAR
 Excess of fluid in extracellular spaces

4.  INTRACELLULAR
 Hyponatriemia: low blood Na level
 Depression of metabolic system
 Chanell Blocking
 Lack of Nutrients

5.  EXTRACELLUAR
1. Increased Capillary permeability/ Abnormal leakage
• Immune reaction
• Toxins
• Infection
• Vitamin deficency
• Burns

6. 2. Increased Capillary pressure
 Excessive retention of salts and water by kidnay
 High venous pressure and venous constriction
 Decreased arteriolar resistance

7. 3. Decreased plasma proteins
 Loss of protein in urine
 Due to kidney damage and disorders like nephrotic
syndrome
 Loss of protein from burns and wounds

8. 4. Blockage of lymph return
 Cancer
 Bacterial infection (filiara nematodes)
 Surgery

9.  Failure of lymph vessels to return fluid and
protein to the blood is called LYMPHEDEMA.
protein conc: Colloid osmotic pressure
More fluid filtered from capillaries causes
edema called lymphedema.

10.  Low compliance of interstitium in the negative
pressure range
 Continuous lymph flow , which can rises upto
10 – 50 folds
 Washing out of interstitial fluid protein

11.  Low compliance contributes 7mmhg
 Increased lymph flow contributes 7mmhg
 Washed out protein 3mmhg
TOTAL 17mmhg
Capillary pressure must rises about this level to
cause edmea.

12. Thanks for your
Attention
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