IPM and IDm

1. • Topics :-Methods of diagnosis and detection of
various insect pests and plant diseases.
• pest risk analysis
submitted to:-
Mr. Mithlesh pandey
A.P and H.O.D Agri....
Submitted by :-
Dharmendra kr
Bsc Agri.

2. Terms...
Detection:-
To determine the causal agents whether living or non living
by observation, noticing and recognition.
• special emphasis on symptomless individual
Diagnosis:-
To identify the disease nature of illness and damage or
problem by examination of symptoms.
• plant showing symptoms
• Sign:- Evidence and visible structure of pathogens or
itself.
• symptoms:-host response to the pathogen

3. Steps in diagnosis of insect pests and disease damage.
1. define the problems.
A.plant identification and characteristics.
-identification of normal plant
-describe abnormality sign and symptoms
B. Examine the entire plant and its community.
-determine primary problems
-parts of plant where initial damage
occurred.

4. Normal plant
Abnormal

5. 2. Looks for patterns
A. Non uniform damage pattern
-scattered damage on one or only a few plant spaces
-indicates living forms like pathogens aur insect
pest.
B. uniform damage pattern
-over a large area inform pattern on individual plant
or parts
-indicates the non living factors such as
mechanical physical chemical Itarsi

7. 3. Delineate time development of damage pattern.
A. progressive spread of the damage.
B. damage occurs does not spread to other plants for
parts

8. 4. determine cause of the plant damage
A. distinguish among living factors
-Symptoms and signs of pathogens
-Symptoms and signs of insect pests mites and
other animals.
B. distinguish among nonliving factors like mechanical
physical or chemical

9. Identify pest according to damage..
Chewing Insects Insects
tear , chew or grind food
Examples
- grasshopper
- Beetle
- Cutworms
- Caterpillars
Damage by chewing
insects includes tearing ,
chewing , or grinding all
parts of the plant
Piercing - Sucking Insects
Punctures plant and sucks
the sap usually from
underside of the leaves or
the stem Examples
- Aphids
- Mealy bugs
- Mites Aut
- Scale
- whiteflies Damage
causes yellow spotted
leaves which result in
stunted growth

10. Rasping - Sucking insects Rasps or breaks
surface and sucks sap Example
- thrips
Damaged plant tissue becomes speckled
and white.
etc.

11. Pest Risk analysis
IPPC:-INTERNATIONAL PLANT PROTECTION CONVENTION
Aim:-to secure common and effective action to prevent the
spread and introduction of pests and plants products and to
promote appropriate measures for their control.
ISPMS:-INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS FOR PHYTOSANITARY
MEASRES (WTO)
Aim:-provide guidance to the member countries in
implementation National programme and fulfilling
requirements of IPPC

12. Kinds of pest according to IPPC
1. QUARANTINE PEST
2. REGULATED NON QUARANTINE BASED
PRA
it is the the process of evaluating biological or other
scientific and economic evidence to determine whether
it should be regulated and the strengthen of a
phytosanitary measures to be taken against it.

13. Activities....
-probability and the similarity impact of particular peste
assessed.
-the means of reducing these are evaluated and the
result of these review are shared with those involved.
-it helps to ensure that decision on the control of
imports and exports are based on science related to the
risk involved and have minimal impact on trade

14. Objectives
• to protect the country's agriculture from that can be
called by harmful paste which can be brought in along
with important committees
• tevaluate and manage risk from a specific pest and
international trade commodities
• to assist in identification of appropriate management
options

15. PRA process
Stage 1 - Initiation
Stage 2-pest risk assessment
step1-categorisation off pests(PRA)
step2-assessment of the probability of
introduction
-entry.…. from where
-establishment due to suitable conditions
-spread

16. S2....
Step3-impacts .that impacts on productivity yield and
losses.
Step4-overall assessment of risk
• extreme
• high moderate and
• very low
Step5-uncertainty

17. Stage 3:-Pest risk management
• level of risk
• technical information
• Acceptability of risk
• identification and
• selection of appropriate
management option

18. Stage 4 - Documentation
• pest list
• Pathway
• PRA area
• endagered area
• surce of information
• conclusion of risk assessment
• conclusion of risk management

20. THANK YOU