BSides Seattle 2024 - Stopping Ethan Hunt From Taking Your Data.pptx
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introduction cad.ppt
1. INTRODUCTION TO CAD
What is CAD?
โIntegration of CS techniques in engineering
design
โUse of computers(hardware & software)for
designing products
โNumerical method, optimizations etc.
โ2D/3D drafting
โ3D modeling for visualization
โModeling
curves,surfaces,solids,mechanism,assemblies,
etc.
2. โข ANALYSIS
โ Stress (deflection analysis,I.e. numerical
methods,FEM
โ Simulation of actual use
โ Optimizations
โ Applications
โ CAD/CAM integration
โ Process planning
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13. 3 ASPECTS OF CAD
โข Modeling
โข Display/visualization
โข Applications
โข MODELING
โ Definition of objects
โ Relation between objects
โ Properties
โ Orientations in suitable co-ordinate system
โ Modification of existing definition
(editing)
14. โข DISPLAY VISULIAZITION AIDS
โ Display of model objects
โ Mapping objects onto screen coordinates
โ Surface display,shading
โ Projections
โ Hidden line removal when multiple
surfaces are displayed
15. REQUIREMENTS OF
MODELING
โข Solids are modeled by storing information of
constituent surfaces
โข This help in
โ Displaying surfaces(3D)
โ Computing solid properties
โ Modeling by storing info.on bounding
curves or by storing their geometric
definitions
16. DATA BASES FOR CAD
Volume
Plane surfaces Warped surfaces
curves
Net of curves patch
point
Is bounded by
Is boundary of
Consist of Belongs to
Belongs to
Consist of surface
unit
Has boundary curve
Is chain of Makes up
precedes
succeeds
Has
starting
point
delimits
surface
Curve segment
17. DISPLAY DEVICES
โข Storage tube devices
โข Permanent phosphorescence
โข For erasing entire screen is flooded with a
particular voltage
โข Can draw a line from any point to any point
โข CALLIGRAPHIC REFRESH GRAPHICS
DISPLAY
โข Picture is refreshed 40-50 times a second
18. โข Display buffer & controller
โข Stores INFO about each entity to be displayed
Display
buffer
Vector/character
generator CRT
controller
Repeats whole process 40-50 times a
second
19. RASTER REFRESH
GRAPHICS DISPLAY
โข SCREEN IS A MATRIX OF POINTS
โข Each point (pixel) can be bright/dark
โข Lines & curves as series of bright pixels
20. โข Frame buffer stores a bit for each pixel(I if
on, o if off)bit plane
โข Additional bit planes for achieving different
gray levels/colors.
โข The programmer modifies the frame buffer
โข And the display controller refreshes the
screen on the basis of the frame buffer
22. โ Track ball
โ Joy stick
โข Digital type
โข Light pen
โ Light sensitive diode to point the screen
โ Positioned is sensed on basis of when pen
senses light
23. TABLET AND PEN
Pen emits radio frequency and intensity received by each
wire tells the position
Grid of wire
24. HARDCOPY AND OUTPUT
DEVICES
โข Flat bed plotters
โ Pen
โ X-drive motor & Y-drive motor
โ Pen raise & lower mechanism
โ Controller
โ Drum plotter
โข Pen
โข Raise and lower mechanism