Fffgdff

1. CENTURION UNIVERSITY OF
TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT,
BHUBANESWAR
BACTERIAL VACCINEON SCANNING
ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
NAME:-SANGITA DAS
REGD. NO.:-210705180010
SEC:-A
SESSION:-2021-23
SCHOOL OF APPLIED SCIENCE

2. CONTENTS
 INTODUCTION
 VACCINE
 BACTERIAL VACCINE
 TYPES OF BACTERIAL VACCINE
 TOXOID VACCINE
 SUBUNIT VACCINE

3. VACCINE
Vaccine is a biological preparation that provides artificial active immunity
to a particular disease.
The administration of vaccines is called vaccination.
The term vaccine derives from Edward Jenner’s in 1796.
Host pathogen interactions and responses to infection are dynamic
process involving multiple pathways in the immune system.
Vaccines also help prevent the development of antibiotic resistance.

4. BACTERIAL VACCINE
Bacterial vaccines contain killed bacteria that activate the immune
system.
Antibodies are built against that particular bacteria, and prevents
bacterial infection.
An example of a bacterial vaccine is the Tuberculosis vaccine.

5. TYPES OF BACTERIAL VACCINES
Bacterial vaccines can be classified in to different groups that is
toxoids, subunit vaccines, killed whole cell vaccines etc.


6. TOXOID VACCINES
Toxoid vaccines are made by purifying the bacterial exotoxin.
Some bacteria cause disease by producing toxins that invade the
blood stream.
Toxins are weakened so they can’t cause illness.
Ex-Diptheria , Tetanus.

7. SUBUNIT VACCINE
Subunit vaccines contain fragments of the pathogen, such as
protein or polysaccharide whose combinations are carefully
selected to induce a strong and effective immune response.
Subunit vaccines consist of a small amount of virus particles,
which induce protective immunity in patients.

8. REFERENCE
Plummer, Emily M.; Manchester, Marianne
(2011). "Viral nanoparticles and virus‐like
particles: platforms for contemporary vaccine
design. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews.
Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology.