Flashcards on vision - Biological Basis of Behaviour

1. Theabilitytodetectthepresence
ofdimlylitobjects
SENSITIVITY

2. Theabilitytoseethedetailsof
objects
ACUITY

3. Theprocessofadjustingthe
configurationofthelensestobring
imagesintofocusontheretinais
calledaccommodation.
ACCOMODATION

4. Thedifferenceinimagesbetween
thetwoeyes,whichisgreaterfor
objectsthatarecloseandsmaller
fordistantobjects
BINOCULAR
DISPARITY

5. Receptors,horizontalcells,
bipolarcells,amacrinecells,and
retinalganglioncells.
TYPESOFRETINAL
NEURONS

6. Thepointatwhichtheopticnerve
leavestheeyeandnoreceptor
cellsarelocatedthere.
BLINDSPOT

7. Thefoveaisanindentation,about
0.33centimetersindiameter,at
thecentreoftheretina;itisthe
areaoftheretinathatis
specializedforhigh-acuityvision
(forseeingfinedetails).
FOVEA

8. Bandoftissueintheoccipitallobe
thatsurroundstheprimaryvisual
cortex
PRESTRIATE
CORTEX

9. Blindspotinvision
SCOTOMA

10. Theprocedureusedtomap
scotomas
PERIMETRYTEST

11. Havingascotomathatcovershalf
ofthevisualfield
HEMIANOPSIC

12. Aconditioninwhichapersoncan
respondtoavisualstimulus
withoutconsciouslyexperiencing
it
BLINDSIGHT

13. Inabilitytorecognizefaces
PROSOPAGNOSIA

14. Anareaofhumancortex,located
attheboundarybetweenthe
occipitalandtemporallobes,that
isselectivelyactivatedbyhuman
faces
FUSIFORMFACE
AREA

15. Anareaofcortex,locatednearthe
junctionofthetemporal,parietal,
andoccipitallobes,whose
functionappearstobethe
perceptionofmotion
MTAREA

16. Thesimultaneousanalysisofa
signalindifferentwaysbythe
multipleparallelpathwaysofa
neuralnetwork.
PARALLEL
PROCESSING

17. Themathematicalprocedurefor
breakingdowncomplexwaves
intotheircomponentsinewaves
FOURIERANALYSIS

18. Thesmallbonesofthemiddleear:
themalleus(thehammer),the
incus(theanvil),andthestapes
(thestirrup).
OSSICLES

19. Membraneattheentrancetothe
cochleathroughwhichthe
ossiclestransmitvibrations
OVALWINDOW

20. Thecochleaisalong,coiledtube
withaninternalmembrane
runningalmosttoitstip.
COCHLEA

21. Centerpartofthecochlea,
containinghaircells,canals,and
membranes
ORGANOFCORTI

22. Membranesupportingtheorgan
ofCortiandhaircellsinthe
cochlea
BASILAR
MEMBRANE

23. Amembranelocatedabovethe
basilarmembrane;servesasa
shelfagainstwhichtheciliaofthe
auditoryhaircellsmove
TECTORIAL
MEMBRANE

24. Thenervethatcarriesimpulses
fromtheinnereartothebrain,
resultingintheperceptionof
sound
AUDITORYNERVE

25. Semicircularcanalorganization
oftheauditorysystem
TONOTOPIC

26. Threefluid-filledcanalsinthe
innerearresponsibleforour
senseofbalance
SEMICIRCULAR
CANALS

27. Association
AREASOFCORTEX
THATRECEIVEINPUT
FROMMORETHANONE
SENSORYSYSTEMARE
CALLED______CORTEX.

28. Sensesexternalstimulithatare
appliedtotheskin
EXTEROCEPTIVE
SYSTEM

29. Monitorsinformationaboutthe
positionofthebodythatcomes
fromreceptorsinthemuscles,joints,
andorgansofbalance
PROPRIOCEPTIVE
SYSTEM

30. Providesgeneralinformation
aboutconditionswithinthebody
INTEROCEPTIVE
SYSTEM

31. Thesimplestcutaneousreceptors
arethefreenerveendings(neuron
endingswithnospecialized
structuresonthem),whichare
particularlysensitiveto
temperaturechangeandpain.
FREENERVE
ENDINGS

32. Thelargestanddeepestcutaneous
receptorsaretheonionlike
Paciniancorpuscles;becausethey
adaptrapidly,theyrespondto
suddendisplacementsoftheskin
butnottoconstantpressure.
PACINIAN
CORPUSCLES

33. Theidentificationofobjectsby
touchiscalledstereognosis.
STEREOGNOSIS

34. Theareaofthebodythatis
innervatedbytheleftandright
dorsalrootsofagivensegment
ofthespinalcordiscalleda
dermatome.
DERMATOME

35. Tendstocarriesinformation
abouttouchandproprioception
DORSAL-COLUMN
MEDIAL-LEMINISCUS
SYSTEM

36. Theanterolateralsystemtendsto
carryinformationaboutpainand
temperature.
ANTEROLATERAL
SYSTEM

37. Organizedaccordingtoamapof
thebodysurface
SOMATOTOPIC

38. Upside-downcaricatures
representcontralateralsensory
inputfrombodyregions
SOMATOSENSORY
HOMUNCULUS

39. Failuretoidentifyanobject
throughtouch
ASTERIOGNOSIA

40. Failuretorecognizepartsofone's
ownbody
ASOMATOGNOSIA

41. Thefailureofneuropsychological
patientstorecognizetheirown
symptoms.
ANOSOGNOSIA

42. Thetendencynottorespondto
stimulithatarecontralateraltoa
right-hemisphereinjury
CONTRALATERAL
NEGLECT

43. Thefeelingthatanextraneous
object,usuallyarubberhand,is
actuallypartofone'sownbody
RUBBERHAND
ILLUSION

44. Neuronsthatrespondto
activationoftwodifferentsensory
systems
BIMODALNEURONS

45. Neuropathicpainissevere
chronicpainintheabsenceofa
recognizablepainstimulus
NEUROPATHICPAIN

46. Ourabilitytoprocessthe
environmentalstimuliofsmell
andtaste.
CHEMICALSENSES

47. Theolfactoryreceptorcellsare
locatedintheupperpartofthe
nose,embeddedinalayerof
mucus-coveredtissuecalledthe
olfactorymucosa.
OLFACTORY
MUCOSA

48. Anareaofmedialtemporalcortex
thatisadjacenttotheamygdala
andthatreceivesdirectolfactory
input
PIRIFORMCORTEX

49. Inabilitytosmell
ANOSMIA

50. Inabilitytotaste
AGUESIA