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1. Home Places of
Officials,
1644-1912
This map shows the home
places of individuals who served
in eight different official posts in
Jinan during the Qing Dynasty.
The absence of data points in
Shandong reflects the “rule of
avoidance.” The concentration
of points in Jiangnan reflects the
regions cultural and economic
prosperity during this era.
All images generated through Palladio

2. Home Places of
Officials,
1684-1850
This map shows the same data
but limits it to the period
between the consolidation of
Qing rule and the height of the
Taiping War.

3. Home Places of
Officials,
1851-1912
Again, this map shows the same
data but limited to the last
decades of the Qing Dynasty.
Because this map includes data
from a shorter time frame, the
number of data points is smaller.
Nevertheless, it is still possible to
observe the proportional
decline in officials from
Jiangnan serving in Shandong.

4. Education
Officials
1684-1850 1851-1912
These maps chart the home
places of individuals who served
as the Shandong Director of
Education and the director of the
Luoyuan Academy, the most
prominent educational institution
in Jinan. (Unlike the other posts
represented in these maps, this
latter position was not subject to
the rule of avoidance.) These
maps also show the late Qing
relative decline in numbers in
individuals from Shandong in posts
specifically related to education.