2014 CrossRef Workshops: Boot Camp the Beginning

2014 CrossRef Workshops
11 November 2014
The Royal Society
London, UK
#crworkshops14

1: CrossRef Bootcamp:
The Beginning
Carol Anne Meyer
Business Development and Marketing
2014 CrossRef Workshops, 11 November 2014
#crworkshops14
@meyercarol

The Bootcamp Agenda
• The Beginning—Carol Anne Meyer
– Who we are and what we do
– What are DOIs and how they work
– How to assign CrossRef DOIs and make reference
links
• The Middle—Anna Tolwinska
– Current Tools for Small Publishers
• The End—Susan Collins
– Introduction to CrossCheck Plagiarism screening

Where we came from
• 2000 – CrossRef Founded
• A not-for-profit trade association of global
scholarly publishers

We have two offices:
Lynnfield, MA (US) and Oxford, (UK)

Improving scholarly communication
through community collaboration
6-Word Mission

Some numbers
Statistics, October 2014
Total number participating publishers 6,016
Number of journals covered 36,511

More numbers:
2,600 Members represent 5,400 publishers
2,616
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
CrossRef Membership
# Voting Members # Nonvoting Publishers
5,376

5
Members Come from
81 Countries

We generate more than
a billion annual “clicks” or resolutions
to our member publishers’ sites
0
275,000,000
550,000,000
825,000,000
1,100,000,000
2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

Who can participate?
• Any scholarly publisher of primary content
that abides by the member rules
• Sponsoring publishers
– Some publishers act on behalf of others
• Any other participating organization is an
Affiliate

48
What are the rules?
• Add outbound reference links
• Deposit all current journal articles
• Resolve CrossRef DOI conflicts
• Update metadata, especially URLs
• Do not publicize CrossRef DOIs until links are
live
• Make plans for long-term archiving
• Do not use DOI-looking things

Make plans for long-term
archiving
• CLOCKSS: http://clockss.org
• Portico: http://www.portico.org
• Koninklijke Bibliotheek
National Library of the Netherlands:
http://www.kb.nl/

Are members restricted to …
• Journal publishers?
• Commercial Publishers?
• Subscription Publishers?
• English-language publishers?
• Large publishers who can work in XML?

• Journal publishers?
– No, you can assign CrossRef DOIs to any permanent scholarly literature
• Books, book chapters, and reference entries
• Datasets
• Conference proceedings
• Dissertations
• Reports
• Standards
• Web content
• Figures, tables or other components of any of the above types
– Any primary publisher of scholarly content can join CrossRef

• Commercial publishers?
– No, CrossRef has no rules about business types
– > 75% of CrossRef members are not-for-profit

• Subscription publishers?
– No, CrossRef is neutral about publishers’ business
models
– CrossRef members use a variety of access models:
• subscription
• open access
• time-limited
• pay-per-view
• And more…
– But the DOI must link to at least the bibliographic
metadata
• And explain how to access the full content

• English-language publishers?
– No, CrossRef DOIs can be assigned to content in
any language
• CrossRef interfaces and support are only available in
English.
• Sponsoring organizations may be able to help with local
language support.
– Several Asian organizations assign DOIs for non-
English content
• ISTIC
• JaLC

• Large publishers who can work in XML?
– No, we have tools specially to help smaller
publishers
– And we are building more

Why do publishers join CrossRef?
• To get persistent identifiers for their content
• To improve discoverability and drive traffic to their content
• To enhance usability with outbound DOI reference links
• To participate in collaborative services:
– Multiple Resolution
– CrossRef Metadata Services
– CrossRef Cited-By Linking
– CrossCheck plagiarism screening
– CrossMark publication record
– FundRef funding data
– Text and Data Mining services

What does it cost?
• Annual membership fee
– Based on publishing turnover/revenue, ranging
• from $275 for revenue < $1 million
• to $50,000 for revenue > $500 million
• Deposit fee per DOI registered
– max $1 per item (i.e. current journal articles)
– min .06 per item (i.e. datasets, components)
• Other services may have additional charges
http://www.crossref.org/02publishers/20pub_fees.html

Is participation restricted to
publishers?
• No, other organizations can become Affiliate
members, e.g.
– Libraries
– Secondary publishers
– Publishing and library vendors
– Companies providing tools

What is an Affiliate?
An organization that uses CrossRef but does not
assign DOIs to primary content

Types of organizations that are
CrossRef Affiliates
• Libraries
• Secondary (A&I publishers)
• Publishing and library vendors
– Hosting platforms
– Link Resolvers
• Providers of tools
– Discovery
– Reference management
– Metrics

How do Affiliates participate?
• Query accounts
• As CrossRef Service Providers
– can deposit DOIs and metadata on behalf of members
– Can query the system on behalf of members or
affiliates
• With CrossRef Metadata Services
– Can locally host CrossRef metadata (including many
references)
– Can use CrossRef metadata for citation analysis
• As Sponsoring Entities

What is a Sponsor?
• An organization that assigns CrossRef DOIs and creates
outbound reference links for other publishers
– Sponsoring Publishers are members with their own
content and working on behalf of Sponsored Publishers
– Sponsoring Entities are affiliates working on behalf of
Represented Members
• Sponsors also pay CrossRef deposit fees on behalf of
their publishers
• Sponsors pay one annual fee based on the combined
publication revenue of all their publishers

Any questions so far?
carolm@crossref.org
@meyercarol

ALL ABOUT CROSSREF DOIS:
WHAT THEY ARE
HOW THEY WORK

What is a DOI ?
• Digital Object Identifier
• DOI is a trademark of the International DOI
Foundation (IDF)
• The IDF appoints Registration Agencies to deal
with different business/industry sectors
• CrossRef is the official Registration Agency
that works with scholarly publishers

It uniquely
identifies
content

It serves as a stable link to that
content’s digital location

The problem
References
Tuomilehto Jaakko. 2010. Type 2 Diabetes is a preventable
disease. Hamdan Medical Journal. 3:59-63.
www.hmj.org/journal.index.pho?e3344.2a.ie
Safizadeh H. Quality of life in patients with thalassemia
major and intermedia in Kerman-Iran. Mediterr J Hematol
Infect Dis 2012; 4:e2012058.
Ismail A, Campbell MJ, Ibrahim HM, Jones GL. Health
related quality of life in Malaysian children. Health Qual
Life Outcomes 2006; 4:39.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-4-39
No reference link – not
very helpful for online
readers

One solution
References
Infect Dis 2012; 4:e2012058.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-4-39
URL – useful for readers

The problem
References
Infect Dis 2012; 4:e2012058.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-4-39
… until the
article moves
somewhere
else …

The solution
References
Infect Dis 2012; 4:e2012058.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-4-39
A DOI link

http://dx.doi.org/ + DOI = persistent URL
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/72753
9

The DOI
• The prefix
– 10.1006/
• Allocated by CrossRef – it identifies the publisher
• The suffix
– /jmbi.1995.0238
• Allocated by the publisher – it identifies the article
• The total
– 10.1006/jmbi.1995.0238
• Unique combination = the article

What is behind CrossRef DOIs?
• Metadata
– Bibliographic details (Journal name, volume, year
of publication, etc.)
– Article URL
• The web page on which the article can be found

Even more numbers
Statistics, October 2014
Number of DOIs registered 70,306,259
Number of DOIs deposited 608,067
DOI resolutions (end-user-clicks) in
previous month
105,971,139

Why do I keep saying
“CrossRef DOI”
instead of just “DOI”?
Because it’s all about the
services, not just the DOIs!

Different DOI Registration Agencies
provide different services

What’s a Registration Agency?
International DOI Foundation (IDF): oversees
the central DOI system, promote DOI as a
standard, and provides an organizational
infrastructure that ensures persistence and
interoperability.
Corporation for National Research
Initiatives (CNRI): they (among other things)
are responsible for the Handle system, which is
the technology that causes DOIs to resolve.
Registration Agencies (RAs): Register DOIs
on behalf of other organizations. CrossRef is a
RA.

Registration Agencies
• Ariti
• CrossRef
• China National Knowledge
Infrastructure (CNKI)
• DataCite
• Entertainment Identifier Registry
(EIDR)
• The Institute of Scientific and
Technical Information of China
(ISTIC)
• Japan Link Center (JaLC)
• Multilingual European DOI
Registration Agency (mEDRA)
• Publications Office of the European
Union (OP)

DOI:
10.7707/BF00279146
Become a
member of
CrossRef,
obtain a
prefix
Publisher
10.7707
Assign every
article (or e-book
chapter) a unique
suffix to create the
DOI
DOI:
10.7707/BF00279143
DOI:
10.7707/BF00279145
DOI:
10.1007/BF00279147

For every article,
submit the
metadata, the DOI,
and the URL to
CrossRef
DOI:
10.1007/BF00279147

Then the DOI will
be used to cite
your article and
produce a link
DOI:
10.1007/BF00279147

But the link
interrogates the
DOI index and re-
directs the reader
to your page
A reader sees a
seamless link
DOI:
10.1007/BF00279147

So … if your article
moves to another
site
The DOI
automatically
redirects
DOI:
10.1007/BF00279147

How does the DOI know where to
redirect?
• You need to resubmit metadata
– Updating the URL
– To be discussed later …
– Do NOT change the DOI !!

REGISTERING YOUR ARTICLE DOIS
“DEPOSITING”

Use CrossRef Help
http://help.crossref.org/#home

Depositing CrossRef DOIs and
metadata
• The basic process for depositing consists of
these steps:
1. Create XML using the CrossRef deposit schema
(non-technical users may use the Web Deposit form)
2. Verify your XML
3. Upload your XML and submit your deposit
• This adds the DOIs and metadata to the
CrossRef system
http://help.crossref.org/#deposit_basics

Deposit DOIs and metadata
Basic citation metadata:
– author(s)
– journal title
– article title
– volume
– issue
– publication date
– book title
– Chapter title
Optional metadata, e.g.:
– references
– FundRef funder
information
– ORCIDs
– CrossMark publication
record metadata
– kabstracts

Prefix:
 Assigned to members
 Format is 10.XXXX (or
10.XXXXX)
 Identifies who initially created
the DOI
 Prefix does not identify the
current owner of the DOI
Suffix:
 Unique within a prefix – a DOI can
only be assigned to one item
 Consistent
 Logical
 Easily documented
 Readily implemented
 case insensitive
http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jmbi.1995.0238
http://dx.doi.org/
DOI directory
10.1006/
DOI prefix
jmbi.1995.0238
DOI suffix

Keep suffixes simple and short
10.5664/sleep.1000
10.3183/NPPRJ-1986-01-03-p004-013
10.3103/S0005105507050032
10.4260/BJFT20094508
10.1632/074069503X85526
Allowed characters:
"a-z", "A-Z", "0-9" and "-._;()/”

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
…
<timestamp>200706181120</timestamp>
…
<journal>
<journal_metadata>
<full_title>American Journal of Meetings</full_title>
<abbrev_title>Am J Meet</abbrev_title>
<issn media_type='print'>4445-6767</issn>
</journal_metadata>
<journal_issue>
<publication_date media_type='print'>
<month>5</month>
<day>5</day>
<year>2001</year>
</publication_date>
<journal_volume>
<volume>33</volume>
</journal_volume>
<issue>1</issue>
</journal_issue>

<journal_article publication_type='full_text'>
<titles> <title>Lets have a meeting</title></titles>
<contributors>
<person_name sequence='first' contributor_role='author'>
<given_name>Bob</given_name>
<surname>Surname</surname>
</person_name>
<publication_date media_type='print'>
<month>5</month> <day>9</day> <year>2001</year>
</publication_date>
<pages>
<first_page>100</first_page><last_page>200</last_page>
</pages>
<doi_data>
<doi>10.50505/test_200704082300</doi>
<resource>http://www.crossref.org/sampleurl</resource>
</doi_data>
…

xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxdoi
submission
Submissio
n report
CrossRef
System

Submission report
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<doi_batch_diagnostic status="completed" sp="cr6.crossref.org">
<submission_id>426240380</submission_id>
<batch_id>12009_DOIs_unreg_2007-09-21</batch_id> <record_diagnostic status="Success">
<doi>10.1385/AO:38:1:8</doi>
<msg>Success</msg>
</record_diagnostic>
<record_diagnostic status="Failure" msg_id="22">
<doi>all doi's of the current journal element</doi>
<msg>ISSN "15304086" has already been assigned to a different title/publisher/genre</msg>
<record_diagnostic status="Warning">
<doi>10.3386/w11255</doi>
<msg>Added with conflict</msg>
<conflict_id>354709</conflict_id>
<dois_in_conflict>
<doi>10.1596/1813-9450-3622</doi>
</dois_in_conflict>
<batch_data>
<record_count>3</record_count>
<success_count>1</success_count>
<warning_count>1</warning_count>
<failure_count>1</failure_count>
</batch_data>
</doi_batch_diagnostic>
More info: Interpreting submission logs
<batch_data>
<record_count>3</record_count>
<success_count>1</success_count>
<warning_count>1</warning_count>
<failure_count>1</failure_count>
</batch_data>

Thanks!
Where
is my
DOI?
Researcher
Publisher who did not review
their submission log
CMS subscriber
Member querying for
outbound links
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
xxxxxxxxxxxxxdoi
submission
Submissio
n report
CrossRef
System

A note for small publishers …
• Don’t worry if you are uncomfortable with
XML
• Web deposit form makes deposit easy

Deposit interfaces
The vast majority of
transactions are made via a
machine interface
Public interface:
Web deposit form:
http://www.crossref.org/webDeposit/
System interface:
http://doi.crossref.org
HTTP
More info: Deposit Basics

Include CrossRef DOIs on response pages
(required), TOCs, abstracts, PDFs, citation
downloads, metadata feeds, social network links
Display CrossRef DOIs as a URLs
Do not publicize DOIs until links are live
Publishing and displaying DOIs

Response page must display
(at least)
bibliographic
information
about the
item
the DOI
a way to access full text

LINKING YOUR REFERENCES
“QUERYING”

A really important point!
• Members MUST add outbound CrossRef DOI
links to their references!

Ghosh, M.K., M.L. Harter. 2003. A viral mechanism for remodeling chromatin
structure in G0 cells. Mol. Cell. 12:255–260, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1097-
2765(03)00225-9
structure in G0 cells. Mol. Cell. 12:255–260, http://doi.org/bm6
structure in G0 cells. Mol. Cell. 12:255–260 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1097-
2765(03)00225-9
structure in G0 cells. Mol. Cell. 12:255–260
structure in G0 cells. Mol. Cell. 12:255–260, CrossRef.
structure in G0 cells. Mol. Cell. 12:255–260, Article.
CrossRef DOI Display Guidelines
http://www.crossref.org/02publishers/doi_display_guidelines.html

How to add CrossRef DOI links
• To references
– Ask the authors in author guidelines
• Add at copyediting stage
– Use a search engine for individual articles (slow)
– Query CrossRef with XML (efficient, requires skill)
– Use CrossRef lookup tools (simple)
– Use third-party tools
• Inera xStyles
• Aries Editorial Manager
• Hire a CrossRef Service Provider

Missing DOIs
• If no DOI is given in the results:
– Check that the reference is accurate and complete
(this is the most common reason)
– Not all article/publications have a CrossRef DOI
• The publisher may not assign DOIs
• A particular DOI may not have been registered with
CrossRef yet
• Not all DOIs are CrossRef DOIs; a search with CrossRef
tools may not find these
– You can create a stored query for this result

Interactive interfaces:
SimpleText Query
CrossRef Metadata Search
http://doi.crossref.org
Guest Query
Machine interfaces:
HTTP POST or GET
OpenURL
OAI-PMH (for CMS
subscribers)
More info: How Querying Works
Query Interfaces

How to query: the simplest ways
• CrossRef Metadata Search (simple Google-like
interface)
– Will return multiple hits
• Simple Text Query (formatted, untagged
references)
– Good for full reference lists
• Guest Query Form (fill-in form)
– Useful for occasional queries, or where your
information is incomplete
(Tell your authors about these tools!)
http://help.crossref.org/#user-query-interfaces

How to query: the advanced way
• You can query using the XML query schema
– http://help.crossref.org/#xml-queries
• You can use our CrossRef Application Programming
interfaces (APIs)
– OpenURL
http://help.crossref.org/#using_the_open_url_resolver
– Content Negotiation http://www.crosscite.org/cn/
– CrossRef Metadata Search API
http://search.labs.crossref.org/help/api
– REST https://github.com/CrossRef/rest-api-
doc/blob/master/rest_api.md

A important point!
• Anybody can query for CrossRef DOI links
• Anybody can put CrossRef DOI links in their
references
• CrossRef DOI links are not just for references
anymore. Use them in
– Metadata feeds (to PubMed, WorldCat, etc.)
– Tables of contents
– Internal platform links
– Anywhere you want a persistent link!

Resolve all conflicts
Conflicts occur when two (or more) DOIs share
the same metadata,
suggesting two DOIs are assigned to a single
item.

Why are conflicts bad?
 Only one DOI should be assigned per item
 Queries will return multiple DOIs, causing
confusion
 Some queries (OpenURL) may not return a DOI
if multiple results are present
 Conflicts between two DOIs often result in one of
the DOIs being neglected

Conflict report (in Members Area)
More info: Conflict Report

What if something changes?
• Change/corrrection to the metadata
– E.g. author’s name entered wrongly
• Change to the URL
– E.g. your journal moves to another website
There is no charge for updating CrossRef DOIs
Update them early and often!

How to update your metadata
• Re-submit the metadata
– Anything with the same DOI will replace the
existing record = updating the details
– Resubmit your entire deposit

You can send URL-only changes email using simple syntax:
H:email=pfeeney@crossref.org;fromPrefix=10.5555;toPrefix=10.5555
10.5555/doi1 http://www.yoururl.com/journal/art1
Update URLs

Maintaining Journal Titles
• Publisher determines title and ISSN combinations
• Valid ISSN required for all journal titles
• Title/ISSN combination in deposit must match
Title/ISSN combination at CrossRef.
• If a title changes, it needs a new ISSN
• Deposit journals under original title.
Title list: http://www.crossref.org/titleList/
Title transfer policies:
http://help.crossref.org/#ID5855

Use CrossRef Support
http://help.crossref.org/#updating_dois_and_metadata

Where to find help
 Help documentation:
http://help.crossref.org
 CrossRef support:
 Email: support@crossref.org
 Web: http://support.crossref.org
 Webinars:
http://www.crossref.org/01company/webinars.html

Staying up to date
• Announcements forum
http://support.crossref.org/forums/147622-announcements
– Subscribe via RSS or email
• CrossRef Quarterly newsletter
http://www.crossref.org/10quarterly/quarterly.html
• CrossRef Labs
http://labs.crossref.org
• CrossRef and CrossTech blogs
http://www.crossref.org/crweblog/
http://www.crossref.org/CrossTech/

Paying bills
• Annual membership fee
billed annually, sent in December
• Deposit fees
billed quarterly*
• Payment options
– Wire
– Check
– PayPal
– Credit Cards

Keep in touch!
Send contact changes to info@crossref.org
• Billing Contact
• Business Contact
• Technical Contact
• Voting Contact
• Other Contacts

Meeting CrossRef
• Annual meeting (Here! Now!)
– Presentations streamed and available on website
http://www.crossref.org/annualmeeting/index.html
• Other meetings and conferences
– Slides available at Slideshare
http://www.slideshare.net/CrossRef
– And on YouTube
https://www.youtube.com/user/CrossRefNews
• The CrossRef Experience
– Travelling workshops

Any questions?
carolm@crossref.org
@meyercarol
Technical support: support@crossref.org
Membership support: info@crossref.org
Billing support: billing@crossref.org

2014 CrossRef Workshops: Boot Camp the Beginning

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (10)

Similar to 2014 CrossRef Workshops: Boot Camp the Beginning

Similar to 2014 CrossRef Workshops: Boot Camp the Beginning (20)

More from Crossref

More from Crossref (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

2014 CrossRef Workshops: Boot Camp the Beginning