Literature search refresher and update - July 2019
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This document provides guidance on conducting a systematic literature review. It discusses using multiple search approaches, such as searching subject databases, doing citation searches, hand searching journals, and consulting experts. It also covers using the PRISMA format to document the search process, developing search terms, selecting relevant databases like PsycINFO and Medline, saving search strategies and references, setting up alerts, and getting help from the library for resources like PsycINFO.
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Literature search refresher and update - July 2019
- 1. Photo by Carl Raw on Unsplash
- 2. Systematic searching Requires the use of multiple approaches which may include: • Searching a range of subject databases • Citation searches • Hand searching of journals • Consulting experts in the field Booth, A., Papaioannou, D., & Sutton, A. (2012). Systematic approaches to a successful literature review. London: Sage. (Chap. 5, pp. 70-96). Photo by David Marcu on Unsplash
- 3. Setting it out • Using the PRISMA format • PRISMA is linear BUT… • Searching is not linear – iterative – ebbs and flows – web of links – messier process..? Photo by John Westrock on Unsplash
- 4. Thinking about search terms A review of mindfulness based interventions with health professionals (to consider the potential for fostering compassion in therapists) Photo by Elizaveta Korabelnikova on Unsplash
- 5. Search terms used (mindfulness OR MBSR OR MBCT) AND (therapists OR psychotherapists OR counsellors OR counselors OR nurses OR psychiatrists OR “clinical psychologists” OR “mental health staff” OR “mental health personnel” OR “social workers” OR…) Inga Boellinghaus, 2011
- 7. Which databases? • PsycINFO – clinical psychology/psychiatry • Medline – clinical medicine • Web of Science – theoretical underpinnings in social science fields • ASSIA - Applied Social Sciences Index & Abstracts • Other subject specific databases: BEI, CINAHL, Social Policy & Practice, etc. • Cochrane – to check if a subject review already exists Full text access often included Access via LibrarySearch Photo by NeONBRAND on Unsplash
- 9. Any questions about PsycINFO?
- 10. Is it ok to use Google Scholar? Yes… …but not as the key or only resource Think of it as a safety net “Repeatability with consistent results is impossible” (Bramer, 2016) Photo by Paweł Czerwiński on Unsplash
- 11. Saving items Saving search strategies • Most databases offer this option • You need to register with the database for this • Look for help under ‘Save searches’ or ‘Search histories’ options Saving the references • RefWorks – Internet-based; free for CCCU; and incorporates Write-N-Cite • Various other tools exist, e.g. EndNote, Zotero, Mendeley
- 12. Alerts • Search strategy alerts via PsycINFO & Web of Science • New journal issue alerts via Zetoc (or through the appropriate full text provider) • Others…?
Editor's Notes
- A quick update to highlight the key issues involved rather than looking at the mechanics
- It should be comprehensive, with explicit criteria and reasonably reproducible, but isn’t really intended to be quite as terrifying as this image may make it seem. And there are different levels of systematic search – you may be required to show you are searching systematically i.e. as widely as possible, rather than adopting the very precise methodology of for example, a NICE guidelines systematic review.
- This is a search done by a previous trainee…
- There are no right or wrong answers – the ways of defining nebulous terms like health professionals depends on you the researcher; you need to be clear about explaining how and why you have defined it as you have, both for your own benefit as well as for others
- Showing the nature of the iterative process – at this point focusing only on the terms and how they changed, ie how the term adolescent needed to be developed for search purposes and showing how that impacted on how she developed and described her own definition of the term
- So, as a round up of what databases to consider…
- Explanation about getting at the databases via Find Databases and link to subject guides pages to discover other ones to try if in a less familiar subject area
- Guide/s on Blackboard All sorts of ways of constructing a search, choice can depend on personal preference and time available! E.g. help seeking behaviour (using the PsycINFo term on both ways) version 1 adding adolescen* (756 results) as a subject term ; version 2 limiting by the age group (635 results). The 121 difference included some irrelevant items, where for instance the word adolesce* came up in the name of a Test & Measure used.
- Bramer, writing in 2016, in a paper looking at the variation in number of hits for complex searches, reported: Its size and coverage remain unclear, and things change over time – “A search engine such as GoogleScholar selects references matching text words, based on algorithms [5]. These algorithms change overtime, often unexpectedly. Also the syntax that can be used changes from time to time; for example, the tilde (~),searching for synonyms was recently discontinued