ENG 122-Week 2 Guidance

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WEEK TWO GUIDANCE|ENG 122
“Research is creating new knowledge.”
--Neil Armstrong

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WEEK TWO GUIDANCE|ENG 122
Welcome to Week Two!
Before reading this guidance, please make sure to click the
Week 2 link in the navigation panel on the left for an overview
of the reading and assignments you will need to complete this
week.
The guidelines and
expectations for your
assignments are also
outlined in your
Student Course Guide.
GETTING
STARTED

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Congratulations!
The first week passed by quickly,
but you accomplished a lot. You
developed a thesis statement, a
plan for your argument, and a
working annotated bibliography.
You are one step closer to
completing your research project!
This week, we will break the
argument down into topics, claims,
evidence, and rebuttals to
counterarguments.
GETTING
STARTED

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Questions to Ponder
As you review this week’s course materials, reflect on the following
questions. Thinking critically about the content will help prepare you
for our discussions and assist you with your assignments this week.
• Can you describe ethos, pathos,
and logos?
• What are claims and
counterarguments and how do
they work together in an
academic argument?
• What is academic honesty and
why does it matter?
GETTING
STARTED

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ELABORATION
Ethos, Pathos, and Logos
It was the Greek philosopher Aristotle who laid the foundation for the
study of rhetoric. He approached the topic of rhetoric in an analytic
manner, defining it as the “faculty of observing in any given case the
available means of persuasion” (Demirdogen, 2010).
Aristotle identified three types of appeals used in persuasive
discourse. These include:
• ethos, persuading by using your perceived credibility;
• pathos, persuading with an emotional appeal; and
• logos, persuading through logic or reasoning.
According to Aristotle, the three appeals must be used together in
every piece of persuasive discourse. An argument based on the
appeal to logic, or emotions alone will not be an effective one.

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Ethos, Pathos, or Logos?
ELABORATION
Can you identify
the type of appeal
depicted in this
example?

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Ethos, Pathos, or Logos?
ELABORATION
Can you identify
the type of appeal
depicted in this
example?

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Ethos, Pathos, or Logos?
ELABORATION
Can you identify
the type of appeal
depicted in this
example?

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Ethos, Pathos, and Logos
ELABORATION
Rhetorical strategies only work well when used appropriately.
With that said, it’s time to think critically about your personal
communication style and its effectiveness in an academic paper.
How will you use the
rhetorical tools of ethos,
pathos, and logos to
effectively persuade
your readers?

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Claims
ELABORATION
All claims require strong logic. Therefore, it is important to
review each of your claims and address any logical fallacies. Be
sure that you have read the Logic and Fallacy handout to
assist you. Remember that the claim in your topic sentence
should be fully developed in your body paragraph. How will you
support each of your claims and add credibility to your writing?
In order for your readers to identify the purpose and reasoning
behind each claim, each claim should be presented and
articulated clearly. Make sure that your claims and supporting
evidence are arranged together in a logical sequence that
enhances your reader’s understanding of your main argument.
Download and review the Research Paper Outline to get a
better sense of where to place your claims and evidence.

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Counterarguments
ELABORATION
Anticipating and understanding different sides of an argument
allows you to analyze and argue your own points more
effectively. When you have an understanding of the opposing
viewpoints and counterarguments, you can strengthen your own
argument by refuting the opposing arguments. This important
process shows your readers that you have thought critically
about your argument. It is not enough to simply insert a quote
that supports and/or contradicts your own perspective. You
must address the opposing viewpoints, and then refute them.
How will you introduce, address and refute your opponents’
potential arguments? Review the Research Paper Outline to
get a better sense of where to place your counterarguments and
rebuttals.

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Plagiarism
ELABORATION
Citation is an important part of academic honesty. The
presence and quality of citations should be a part of your
proofreading process. The AWC’s “Avoiding Plagiarism”
section has many documents, resources, and tools to assist you
in your writing and revising.
There is a zero-tolerance policy
on final draft papers in this class.
Any plagiarism detected in your
final paper will be reported to the
university and consequences
may follow.

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Plagiarism
ELABORATION
How can you prevent plagiarism?
First, utilize Turnitin when submitting
your rough draft and/or revisions. Next,
verify your in-text citations and review
your paraphrased information. Finally,
read your paper aloud. Plagiarized
text usually sounds different from the
rest of your paper. You may find a section that doesn’t match
the style and tone of your essay. Double-check that section and
make sure it was written in your own words and/or is cited
properly.

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OVERVIEW OF
ASSIGNMENTS
Our first formal discussion this week will be focused on the
structure of argument. After reading the textbook and reviewing
the “Presenting an Argument” and “Evidence in Argument”
videos, submit a well-written and proofread post to the forum.
Next, start reading the work of
others, responding whenever
appropriate. Your two “best”
responses to classmates will be
graded while all others will add to
the conversation and help you to learn more about argument and
scholarly discourse. Be sure to read the entire discussion and
address each point with critical thought.
Discussing Argument Structure

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OVERVIEW OF
ASSIGNMENTS
Our second formal discussion is a workshop on paraphrasing,
quoting, and overall academic honesty. In Week 2, you’ll share
one paragraph of your in-progress paper. This paragraph must
include a topic sentence, a properly-cited direct quote, and a
properly-cited paraphrased passage. Please paste the source
material after your own paragraph and label it as “Original Source
for Paraphrase.” You will end the post by explaining how your
topic sentence supports your thesis statement and how your
research supports your claim(s). This assignment is deep and rich
and offers a lot for discussion. You are expected to participate in
this discussion in support of your peers. Provide accurate
analysis and discuss the work of your classmates thoroughly and
respectfully.
Academic Honesty Workshop

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OVERVIEW OF
ASSIGNMENTS
You will need to complete the quiz by Monday, Day 7. Before you
attempt the quiz, be sure you have read all the course materials,
viewed the media, and completed the activities/tutorials. You may
attempt the quiz up to three times.
The quiz will assess your knowledge
of argument, bias versus position,
online research, and other topics
covered in this week’s required
readings.
Week Two Quiz

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OVERVIEW OF
ASSIGNMENTS
You have completed a lot of work in these first two weeks.
It’s time to organize your materials again. Look at your
thesis statement, topic sentences, resources, and argument
style. What is the best way to organize your paper? You
should begin with a very basic formula:
I. Introduction (including thesis statement)
II. Body Paragraphs (built around each topic sentence)
III. Conclusion (final argument that reiterates the thesis
statement)
Therefore, a foundation for your paper outline could look
like this: Research Paper Outline.
Research and Pre-Writing:
Research Paper Outline

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Check out these resources!
Click on the links below to be directed to the website. The
links can also be accessed through the References page.
ADDITIONAL
RESOURCES
 Ethos, Pathos, Logos: This video provides a simple
demonstration of Aristotle’s three types of persuasive
appeal used in effective arguments.
 You Quote It, You Note It Plagiarism Tutorial: This
interactive tutorial provides practice in paraphrasing
and quoting as well as valuable information about
plagiarism.
 Checklist for Argumentative Essays: Use this checklist
to assist you with developing a sound argument for your
persuasive essay.

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ADDITIONAL
RESOURCES
ACTIVITY DUE DATE FORMAT
Building an Argument Day 3 Discussion
Respond to a minimum of two
classmates’ postings
Day 7
Paraphrasing, Quoting, and
Academic Honesty Workshop
Day 3 Discussion
Respond to a minimum of two
classmates’ postings
Day 7
Week Two Quiz Day 7 Quiz
Final Research Paper Outline Day 7 Assignment
Week Two Assignment Schedule

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REFERENCES &
FINAL THOUGHTS
Be sure to follow the guidelines and expectations for your Week 2
assignments as outlined in the Student Course Guide and in the
Week 2 section in the left navigation panel of the course.
Remember, you have three tutoring services available: Paper Review,
Live Chat, and Tutor E-mail. Click on the Writing Center (AWC) tab in
the left-navigation menu to learn more about these tutoring options and
how to get help with your writing.
If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me. You
can post a question in the “Ask Your Instructor” discussion forum or
send me an e-mail. I’m looking forward to our discussions this week!
Special thanks to Aimée Garten and Caroline Morrell
of Ashford University for their
support and contributions to this guidance.

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References
REFERENCES &
FINAL THOUGHTS
Armstrong, N. (n.d.). Neil Armstrong quotes. Retrieved from http://www.brainyquote.com/
quotes/quotes/n/neilarmstr363175.html
Demırdöğen, Ü. D. (2010). The roots of research in (political) persuasion: Ethos, pathos, logos
and the yale studies of persuasive communications. International Journal Of Social
Inquiry, 3(1), 189-201.
Earl, D. (2004, November 23). Checklist for argumentative essays. Retrieved from
http://ww2.coastal.edu/dearl/papers/checklist.html
Kated. (2015, April 21). Ethos pathos logos storyboard. Retrieved from
http://www.storyboardthat.com/userboards/kated/ethos-pathos-logos2
Montejano010. (2011, March 29). Ethos, logos, pathos [Video file]. Retrieved from
https://youtu.be/x4tTugqBkJU
Vaughn Memorial Library. (2008). You quote it, you note it. Retrieved from
http://library.acadiau.ca/tutorials/plagiarism/
Zemliansky, Pavel. (2008, April 10). Chapter 1: Research writing and argument. Saylor Foundation,
http://saylor.org/courses/engl002, under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-
ShareAlike 3.0 License.