Community organizing

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the co
process

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Process
■ A series of actions
directed toward a
particular aim
■ A series of natural
occurrences that
produce change or
development

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■ A series of value-added
task that are linked
together to turn inputs in
a product or service
output.
■ Coordinated activities
that involve people,
procedures and
technology.

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Initial
steps

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Knowing the people and
their problems
If the community is
new, start from scratch
Do a lot of walking;
get into the streets
and meet the people

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The streets are textbooks for
organizers and the people are
teachers
Know the forces outside
the community that
affect the people- city
government, housing
codes, election laws,
and so forth.

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◆Learn about systems- the
government; politics, economics
and pass this on the people
Take a good look at your community
◆Go to the people
★Visit their homes, fields and
gathering places

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Understand their
joys and concerns
◆Before any attempts for
community projects or activity,
carefully think about what it will
require and how likely it is to
work
★Consider the following: felt needs, real
needs, willingness and resources

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Entry to
the
community

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■ Formal- an agreement entered
into by the organizers
and the community
■ Less formal- an existing agency
or program may use the CO
approach
■ Informal way- where there is neither
an inviting group or institution
3 ways of entry

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THE ORGANIZER
FAMILIARIZES HIMSELF
AND ESTABLISHES
ACCEPTABILITY
AMONG THE PEOPLE

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Immersion/
Integration with the
people

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■ Going to the people
■ Visiting their homes,
fields and gathering
places
■ Understanding their
joys and concerns

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GROUNDWORKING:
organizer engages as many
persons as possible in
individual conversation by
which means information
flows between him and the
people and vice-versa

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Community
Study

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■ The community
study must be
regarded both as
a phase of a long
process and as a
process in itself.

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As a phase- it comes at the
beginning and is an
essential requisite for any
action.
As a process- it should be
a continuing activity with
definite periods which in
turn have minimum and
maximum expectations.

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■ Social Investigation
◆It is a systematic
process of gathering,
analyzing and utilizing
the pertinent data about
the community for CO

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3 SI Phases
■Pre- SI
■SI Proper
■Deepening of SI

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during the pre-entry stage of
CO,
the worker conducts
a preliminary SI
designed to provide
him/her and the agency
he/she represents, an
initial basic information
about the prospective
community
* These information are
contained in a
community profile

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is a
systematized
documentation
featuring a
wholistic view of
the community
Community
Profile

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2
interrelated
parts of CP

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(1) description of the community
using various approaches in
understanding the community
(Ecological, Structural,
Normative, Social Compass
approaches, etc)
-the WHAT? of the social
situation

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(2) Analysis of the
Community Situation
- the WHY? of the social
reality of the community

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the analysis can be from varying point of
view:
** point of view of the people in
the community
** point of view of the
community worker
** point of view of the outsider---
provides the gap of the
consciousness between
the people and the
community worker

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Entry points- situations which can serve
as starting point to rally or propel the
people to work together cooperatively
and collaboratively towards an end.
■ The worker further validates and
expands his/her knowledge of the
people and their situation.
■ The Validated and Expanded
Community Profile serves as an aid
in organizing.
◆ This allows him/ her to identify entry
points for organization, and the
individual aggregates/group of
people to be involved

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- The CO Proper
* pakikisangkot
■ Signals the growing and
continuous genuine people
participation in decision-making
and community problem-solving.

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The community profile then
becomes operational in the sense
that the experiences in data
gathering and analysis evolved from
the people’s desire to understand
more deeply themselves and their
own situation and therefore, inspire
them to unite, and transform or
shape their reality to their common
vision of the future.

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Different forms of community study
■ Gathering
secondary data/
records review
■ Interviewing or “mga
patanong-tanong”
■ Ocular inspections
and observations
checklists
■ Focus group
discussions
■ Questionnaires
■ Participant
observation

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PRELIMINARY STUDY
- physical characteristics of the area
- Size, location, terrain, crowding,
river/ creeks, climatic condition
and the like
- demographic characteristics
- Age, sex compositions,
occupational grouping
Stages of Community Study

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◆Economic
◆Political
◆Social structures and
relations and their
various interrelationship
and analysis of their
health related problems
IN –DEPTH COMMUNITY
STUDY

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Spotting of
Potential
Indigenous
Leaders

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■ Comes from the poor sector of the
community and is directly engaged in
economic production
■Must possess integrity and credibility
■Is receptive to change
Must be able to communicate
effectively
■Must be interested in the
upliftment of the community

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Core
Group
Formation

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■ This group, if properly educated and
empowered, can ensure the continuity of
the projects and the organization.
It is the laying down of the
foundation of a strong organization.
■This is brought about by bringing
together several indigenous leaders
to exchange known edge and
insights towards a deeper
understanding of the dynamics of the
community.

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Setting
up of an
organization

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■ The purok members elect their
own purok leaders. This will
facilitate wider participation and
collective action on community
problems.
■After a core group has been
formed, other members of the
community maybe enjoined to set
up a sectoral of purok organization.

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Action
Planning

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■ These include activities like
◆ Assessment and Reflection
sessions
◆ Community education and
training
■Action Plans- refer to those
activities agreed upon to
achieve the goals of
organization.

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■ These should include activities
addressing the critical or felt needs
of the community, tapping big local
and external resources in the
process of looking for solutions
■ The different sectors, public and
private, should be involved and
their different roles clarified.
■ A joint plan of action should be
involved

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7 steps of planning
1. Diagnose the problem
◆What are the problems?
◆What are the needs?
2. Set the objectives
* What do we want to achieve
(objective) in a particular period?
This week, this month, this year?

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3. Strategize
What are the possible
ways of achieving this
objective? Brainstorm for
proposals.
4. Assess the advantages/
disadvantages of each proposals
What are the advantages and
disadvantages of each proposals?

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7. Set Monitoring /Evaluation Strategies
At what point do we need to
evaluate? Who should be involved in
the evaluation?
5. Prioritize action plan
Which proposal (plan) do we accept?
This may include several suggestions
6. Tasking
Who will do what, when, where,
and how?

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Continuing
Capability
Building and
Organizational
Strengthening

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■ Have periodic progress reports
on on-going projects to keep the
spark of enthusiasm
■Conduct regular social activities
■Do inter-visitations among
puroks
■Hold contests

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■ Hold health fairs/ exhibits
during town fiestas
■Give recognition for those
who have done well
Group
Mobilization

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Evaluating
gains,
strengths, and
weaknesses of
organization

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■ This would include an
assessment of all the
activities (processes)
undertaken, the strengths
and weaknesses in the
mobilization, the gains
achieved, and the lessons
learned from all these.

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Project
Development
and
Management

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■This focuses on
developing
programs and
projects in
response to
basic needs

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Monitoring
and
Evaluation

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Participatory
implementation
requires regular
monitoring and
evaluation