By: Chandresh Suthar

1. GANDHINAGAR INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Industrial Engineering (2161907)
Active Learning Assignment
On
Recording Techniques in Method Study
Branch : Mechanical Engineering
Batch : 6 C-3
Prepared by: Guided By:
Suthar Chandresh (140120119229) Prof. Himanshu Barot

2. CONTENT
Introduction to Method Study
Recording techniques
Process Symbols
Different recording techniques
 Charts
 Diagrams
 Motion Study

3. METHOD STUDY
• It is systematic investigation of existing method of doing job and from that the
aim is to develop and install an easy and efficient procedure for doing the same
job.
RECORDING TECHNIQUES
• For method analysis, certain tools and techniques are used to record the
activities.There are many techniques used to record the activities.

4. Indicates the main steps in a process, method or procedure.
Usually the part, material or product concerned is modified or
changed during the operation.
2.Inspection Indicates an inspection for quality and / or check for quantity
1.Operation
3.Transport Indicates the movement of workers, materials or equipment from
place
to place
PROCESS CHART SYMBOLS

5. 4.Temporary Storage or Delay
Indicates a delay in the sequence of events : for example, work waiting
between consecutive operations, or any object laid aside temporarily
without record until required.
5.Permanent Storage
Indicates a controlled storage in which material is received into or
issued from a store under some form of authorization; or an item is
retained for reference purposes.
6.Combined Activities
Indicates a controlled storage in which material is
received into or issued from a store under some form of
authorization; or an item is retained for reference purposes.

6. RECORDING
TECHNIQUES
CHARTS
FLOW PROCESS
CHART
TWO HANDED
PROCESSCHART
MULTIPLE ACTIVITY
CHART
TRAVEL CHART
OPERATION PROCESS
CHART
MOTON STUDY
MICRO AND MACRO
STUDY
FILM ANALYSIS
SIMO CHART
THERBLING
DIAGRAMS
FLOW DIAGRAM
STRING DIAGRAM
CYCLE GRAPH AND
CHRONO CYCLE
GRAPH

7. OUTLINE PROCESS CHART
Definition:
An outline process chart is a process chart giving an overall picture by recording
in sequence only the main operations and inspections.
•While preparing the outline process chart we use Symbols of Operation and
Inspection
•A brief note of the nature of each operation is made beside the symbol
•In an outline process chart, only the principal operations and the inspections
carried out are recorded to ensure effectiveness

8. FLOW PROCESS CHARTS
Definition:
 Flow process charts are graphic representations of the sequences of operations,
transportation, inspections, delays and storages occurring during a process or a
procedure and include information considered for analysis such as, time required
and distance moved.
To develop an understanding how a process or work happening and clearly
documenting how a particular job is done, in addition of that mapping a process
in flow chart format helps us where the process can be improved.

9. TYPES OF FLOW PROCESS CHARTS
• Material or product type.
• Man type.
• Machine type or equipment.
Material or product type flow process chart:-
• Records what happens to the material or product i.e. the changes the material or product
undergoes in location or condition (includes operation and transportation).
Man type process flow process chart:-
• Records the activities of worker or operator i.e. what a worker or operator does. In this type
of chart usually storage term is not applicable.

10. CONTINUE ….
• Machine or equipment type flow process charts:- Records the manner in
which a machine or an equipment is used.

11. TWO HAND PROCESS CHART
• Two-Handed Flow Process Chart, is a motion study where the study is done to
analyse the motions used by the worker in performing an activity.
• In this chart the activities of a worker’s hands (or limbs) are recorded in their
relationship to one another.
• A Two-Handed Process Flow Chart individually shows the movement of each
hand in a manual process. It is typically used for repetitive operation when
analyzing a manual assembly process, to help make it easier to perform.

12. MULTIPLE ACTIVITY CHART
• Definition : A Multiple activity chart is a form of process chart recording the
related sequence of work of a number of operators and/or machines on common
time scale. In it, the activities of more than one item, worker, machine or
equipment are recorded on a common time scale to show their inter relation ship.
• Multiple Activity Charts are very useful tool for understanding the flow of work
in a cyclic process and as a consequence understanding which resource is
controlling the overall progress of the work.
The tool can be used to model different scenarios to determine the optimum mix of
resources for the work.

13. MULTIPLE ACTIVITY CHART
• A Chart in which the activities of more than one item are recorded on a common
time scale to show their inter-relationship. Man machine chart is the type of
multiple activity charts.
• TYPES:
 Man - Machine chart: One man handling one job or one machine.
 Man - Multi machine chart: One man handling a numbers of machines.
 Machine Multi - man chart: A group or gang doing collectively one job as in
riveting.
 Multi – Man - Machine chart: A number of persons working on a computer
system.

14. TRAVEL CHART
 String diagram is good to explain movements and critical examination
but
o it takes longer time to get constructed and
o many movement along complex paths may lead to a diagram
with maze of crisscrossing line.
 Therefore, when movements are very complex travel chart is quick and
more effectively manageable recording technique.

15. MICRO MOTION STUDY
• Micro motion study is the study of fundamental element or subdivision of an
operation by means of a motion picture camera and a timing device which
accurately indicates the time interval on motion picture film.
• Micro motion study provides a valuable technique for making minute analysis of
those operation that are short in cycle contain rapid movement and involve high
production over a long period of time. For example. Sewing of garment,
assembly of small parts.

16. USE OF FILMS IN MICRO MOTION STUDY
• Main advantages of films over visual methods are:
• Permit greater detailing than eye observation;
• Provide greater accuracy than pencil, paper and stop watch;
• More convenient;
• Provide a positive record;
• Help in the development of the work study person.

17. DIAGRAM
• Diagrams gives pictorial view of the layout of workplace on which locations of
different equipment, machines etc. are indicated.
• The movement of subject(man or machine) is then indicated on the diagram by a
line or a string.
• The diagram are valuable in highlighting the movement so the analyst can take
steps to simplify or reduce it so as to obtain saving in time.
• The most commonly used method study diagrams are:
• Flow diagram
• String diagram
• Travel chart
• Cycle graph and Chrono cycle graph

18. CYCLEGRAPH
• A record of path of movements, usually traced by a continuous source of a
light on a photograph.
• The path of movement of a hand, may be recorded on a photograph by
putting a ring carrying small light on worker’s hand.
• A path of light resembling a white wire is seen.
• Later it is used with a stereoscopic camera to show the path in three
dimensions .

19. CHRONO CYCLE GRAPH
• This is a development of the cycle graph by interrupting the flow of current so
as to obtain, in the resulting sequence of flashes, a record of the time and
direction of the motions under observation. The resulting image was a
chronocyclograph.
• The path of light appears as a series of pear-shaped dots, the movement being
in the direction in which the dots point.
• The spacing between the dots indicate the speed of movement and show
acceleration and deceleration.
• This is done by using a turning fork, which is vibrating at a known speed, and
connected with a “make and break” contact.

20. STRING DIAGRAM
• A scale plan or model on which a thread is used to trace and measure the
path of workers, material or equipment.
• A thread is used to measure distance.
• Necessary that the string diagram be drawn correctly to scale, whereas regular
flow diagram can be drawn only approximately to scale.
• Thus, string diagram and flow chart can give clearest possible picture of what
is actually being done.
• String diagram can be used to plot movements of material to know how far
the materials travel.
• Most commonly, the string diagram is used for plotting the movements of
workers.

21. FLOW DIAGRAM
• It’s a top view of the work area correctly indicating the positions of machining
and other locations affecting the movement of subject.
• Therefor it gives “on-the-spot observation” of the paths of movement of product
sometimes using symbols of process charts.