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• NANO MATERIALS:
• Nanomaterials refer to materials that have been make at the nanoscale,
typically with dimensions ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers (nm). At this
scale, materials shows unique physical, chemical, and biological properties.
These properties grow due to the increased surface area-to-volume ratio,
quantum effects, and size-dependent phenomena.
• COPPER OXIDE:
• Copper(II) oxide or cupric oxide is an inorganic compound with the formula CuO. A
black solid, it is one of the two stable oxides of copper, the other being Cu2O
or copper(I) oxide (cuprous oxide).
INTRODUCTION:
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SYNTHESIS:
• In general, the term synthesis related to the creation of something. It is the process of combining two or
more components to produce a substance.
• METHOD OF SYNTHESIS:
1. TOP-DOWN METHOD:
Ball Milling Method
Cutting Method
Grinding Method
2. BOTTOM-UP METHOD:
• Sol- gel Method
• Sono Chemical Precipitation Method
• Thermal Decomposition Method
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X-RAY DIFFRACTION (XRD):
17
XRD finds the geometry or shape of a
molecule using X-rays. It is a
nondestructive technique that provides
detailed information about the
crystallographic structure, chemical
composition, and physical properties
of a material
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SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE (SEM):
The scanning electron microscope (SEM)
uses a focused beam of high-energy
electrons to generate a variety of signals at
the surface of solid specimens. Scanning
electron microscope (SEM) is one of the
most widely used instrumental methods for
the examination and analysis of micro- and
nanoparticle imaging characterization of
solid objects. One of the reasons that SEM
is preferred for particle size analysis is due
to its resolution of 10 nm, that is, 100 Å.
CuO nanomaterials at 10μm
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ENERGY DISPERSIVE SPECTROMETER(EDS):
Energy-dispersive X-ray
spectroscopy (also known
as EDS, EDX, or EDXA)
is a powerful technique
that enables the user to
analyze the elemental
composition of a desired
sample.
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FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED
SPECTROSCOPY (FTIR):
It is a technique used to obtain
an infrared spectrum of
absorption or emission of a
solid, liquid, or gas. The most
common use is in
the identification of unknown
materials and confirmation of
production materials(incoming
or outgoing).
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ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS:
• Copper Oxide Nanomaterials Have Various Engineering Applications-
• Catalysts In Chemical Reactions.
• Gas Sensors For Detecting Harmful Gases.
• Antibacterial Agents In Biomedical Applications.
• Solar Cells For Converting Solar Energy Into Electrical Energy.
• Lubricants In The Automotive Industry.
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REFERENCE:
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Shimpale, Prashant V. Anbhule. Bioderived Mesoporous Carbon@Tungsten Oxide Nanocomposite as a Drug Carrier
Vehicle of Doxorubicin for Potent Cancer Therapy. Langmuir 2023, 39 (33) , 11910-11924
• Jahanzeb Khan, Saiqa Bibi, Irsa Naseem, Shakeel Ahmed, Muhammad Hafeez, Khalil Ahmed, Faizah Altaf, Davoud
Dastan, Asad Syed, Majid S. Jabir, Mustafa K. A. Mohammed, Lin Tao. Ternary Metal (Cu–Ni–Zn) Oxide
Nanocomposite via an Environmentally Friendly Route. ACS Omega 2023, 8 (23) , 21032-21041.
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• Yongkang Zhen, Ling Ge, Qiaoqing Chen, Jun Xu, Zhenyu Duan, Juan J. Loor, Mengzhi Wang. Latent Benefits and
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