THE LIFE OF SAINT PAUL

1. PAULINE ETHICS

2. ETHICS
- “ethikos” –”showing moral
character”
- “ethos” - custom, habit, character
or disposition.

3. ETHICS
- The study of morality, correct living
- the branch of knowledge that deals
with moral principles.
- Moral principles governing our
actions
- Good or Bad/Right or Wrong

4. ETHICS OF HUMAN ACTS
• Human act - an act that proceeds from the
free will of a man.
• Human acts are actions done with intellect and
will.

5. ETHICS OF HUMAN ACTS
• Intellect is the highest faculty of the
human soul
• Will Is the wanting of doing something
with freedom to choose

6. ETHICS OF HUMAN ACTS
• It is an act that is deliberately performed by
one possessed of the use of reason.

7. ETHICS OF HUMAN ACTS
• Deliberately performed means that it is
done freely (free will) and knowingly (full
knowledge).
• Human Acts are either good or evil

8. INTELLECT, WILL, LIFE,
POWER
• Life Is the greatest gift of God given in Creation
• Power Is the will of doing something honorable
or POTENCY
• Because of our intellect, we have the capacity
to form our conscience and distinguish between
good and bad.

9. INTELLECT, WILL, LIFE,
POWER
• We are given the freedom to choose, the power to act
or not to act and so to perform deliberate acts of our
own
• Man is rational and therefore like God, he is created
with free will and is master over his acts (GS 17)
• But freedom to act does not mean we are completely
free to do whatever we want. We have to follow civil
and moral laws.
• WE ARE FREE TO DO WHAT WE WANT AS LONG AS
WE DO NOT AFFECT NEGATIVELY THE FREEDOM
OF OTHERS AROUND US

10. ELEMENTS OF A HUMAN
ACT
•The object (intellect)
•The intention (fairness, equality,
neutrality)
•The circumstances (gravity)

11. ELEMENTS OF A HUMAN
ACT
•The object (intellect)
•The matter of a human act or the
action itself.
•“What we do”
•It determines the morality of the
human act.

12. ELEMENTS OF A HUMAN
ACT
•The intention (fairness, equality,
neutrality)
•The motive for which a person
commits a good or evil act.

13. ELEMENTS OF A HUMAN
ACT
•The circumstances (gravity)
•Those favors that occur with the act
and that contribute to the morality
of the act.

14. HUMAN ACTS AND ACTS
OF MAN
• Acts of man are instinctive, such as
physiological in nature.

15. HUMAN ACTS AND ACTS
OF MAN
• These are actions done under the
circumstances of ignorance, passion, fear,
violence, and habits.

16. HUMAN ACTS AND ACTS
OF MAN
• Acts that are performed by men without
being master of them through his intellect
and will, therefore acts of man are
involuntary actions.

17. HUMAN ACTS AND ACTS
OF MAN
• Acts of man can become human acts when
one employs intellect and will in performing
the act.

18. HUMAN ACTS AND ACTS
OF MAN
• Human acts are different from
animal acts because man by
nature acts towards an end.

19. GENERAL RULES IN JUDGING
THE MORALITY OF AN ACT
• An act is morally good if the object of the act itself, the
intention, and the circumstances are good.
• If an act itself is intrinsically evil, the act is never morally
allowable regardless of intention and the circumstances.
• If the object of the act is itself morally good, its morality
will be judged by the purpose or the circumstance.
• Circumstances may create, mitigate or aggravate sin

20. GENERAL RULES IN JUDGING
THE MORALITY OF AN ACT
• If all three moral elements are good, the
act is good. If any one element is evil, the
act is evil.
• In order for an act to be morally good, all
the three elements must be all good.

21. ETHICS COVERS THE
FOLLOWING DILEMMAS:
•how to live a good life
•our rights and responsibilities
•the language of right and wrong
•moral decisions - what is good
and bad?

22. IMPERATIVES OF ETHICS
• Moral Imperative: strongly-felt principle
that compels that person to act.
• Categorical Imperative, a dictate of pure
reason in its practical aspect. (Kant)

23. IMPERATIVES OF ETHICS
• Not following the moral law is self-
defeating and contrary to reason.
• Moral Laws – are directives ordering man’s
activities towards the ultimate end.

24. IMPERATIVES OF ETHICS
Existence of God or Supreme Being

25. IMPERATIVES OF ETHICS
Human Freedom

26. IMPERATIVES OF ETHICS
Existence of an Afterlife

27. PAULINE ETHICS
Introduction
- Creation
- Israel
- Decalogue
- Jesus
- Church

28. THE LIFE OF
ST. PAUL

29. THE LIFE OF
ST. PAUL

30. THE LIFE OF
ST. PAUL

31. ST. PAUL
• 4 BC – 62-64 AD
• Tarsus, in Cilicia, modern-day Southern Turkey
• Saul, Hebrew name, “asked for”, “inquired of God”,
“prayed for” (Saul the first king of Israel)
• Student of Gamaliel
• Missionary (3 Journeys)
• Tent-maker
• Evangelist, Writer

32. TRI-PART PERSON
a. JEW – from the tribe of Benjamin, and a
member of the Pharisee movement
b. ROMAN CITIZEN – raised in a Hellenistic
culture
c. A DISCIPLE – disciple of his Resurrected Rabbi,
Jesus

33. A PHARISEE OF PHARISEES
 Pharisee – member of Jewish sect, distinguished by strict
observance of the traditional and written law
- commonly held to have pretensions to superior
sanctity
- interpreters of the Mosaic Law and adhere to the
traditions of elders.
- SEPARATE/DETACH – considered themselves as
the most accurate interpreters of the Law
- Hypocrites (today)
- Paul as a Pharisee: GOOD student of Gamaliel

34. A ROMAN CITIZEN
- Pax Romana (peace from warfare)
- His parents’ Roman citizenship were given by their employer
- He grew in a Hellenized culture: Alexander the Great spread
the Greek culture
- Greek language is the common language
- This common language helped carry the Gospel
uninterrupted among both Jews and Gentiles in dozens of
diverse cultures.
- Paul wrote and spoke Greek
- Tarsus is “no mean city” (Acts 21:29)

36. A FERVENT FOLLOWER OF
HIS RABBI
- Converted on his way to Damascus
- Engage in missionary journeys
- Laid out his life for the sake of his faith

37. • Paul had been a persecutor of the early
Church. But in his way to Damascus, he
“met” Jesus and eventually, his life was
never the same again.

38. CONVERSION
• Etym. Greek metanoia (μετάνοια), "a transformative
change of heart; especially: a spiritual conversion.“
• The term suggests repudiation, change of mind,
repentance, and atonement; but "conversion" and
"reformation" may best approximate its connotation.
• Etym. Latin conversio, a turning, overturning, turning
around; turning point; change; refers to a moral change,
a turning or returning to God, in which sense it has
passed into our modern languages.

39. • The book of Acts presents Paul’s different
challenge during his mission to spread
the name of Jesus. His conversion played
an important role in hurdling his
hardships.

40. Saul
meets
Jesus
(Acts 9:1-9)

41. Saul on the Road to Damascus
As a boy Saul had left his home in Tarsus and come to
Jerusalem to study the Jewish religion. When he grew older, he
became a very strict Pharisee.
Saul believed in the Law of Moses. It seemed to him that
Jesus and his followers dishonored the Law. Because he loved the
Law of Moses so much, Saul hated those who did not honor every
tiny part of it. He especially hated those who believed in Jesus and
longed to find some way to get rid of them.
In Jerusalem Saul mistreated and put in prison many who
believed in Jesus. He had made life so miserable for the believers
that many had fled to other cities for safety.
News reached Jerusalem that the religion of Jesus was
growing and spreading through the whole country. The more the
Jewish leaders tried to stamp it out, the faster it grew. What should
they do?
Saul became more angry than ever. “I will stop this crazy
religion

45. 4TH JOURNEY

47. A

49. PAUL’S THEOLOGY
•Paul’s view of God’s plan of salvation
•Three periods of history
1) From Adam to Moses (absence of Law)
2) From Moses to the Messiah (Law was added)
3) The time of the Messiah (end is inaugurated, awaits
its glorious consummation, with the parousia, the
resurrection of the dead, the judgment, and the
glory of the justified believer)

50. Adam: the one who brought sin and death upon the human
race (Rom 5:12, 3:9)
Man: confronted by sin and death. Law only makes matters
worse by pointing out the sin and not providing remedy. Then
enters grace through the New Adam to save the situation. (Rom
5:19, 21)
Jesus Christ: The crucified Christ, the risen, glorious Christ
who is Lord is the center of Paul’s ‘gospel’. (1 Cor 1:17,23-24, 2
Cor 4:4-5; 12:3).
Jesus is the pre-existent “son of God” (Phil 2:6; 2 Cor 8:9 ), the
Christ (Messiah) and Lord (1 Thes 4:6; 1 Cor 2:16; 3:20; 10:26;
14:21; Rm 4:8; 9:28,29; 11:3,34; 12:19; 15:11 )

51. Christ died and rose to save humanity from sin and death
(1 Cor 15:3; Rm 4;25; 5:6; 8: 34; 10:9-10; 14:15; Gal 1:4; 2:20;
3:13; 1 Cor 15:12,17,20-21; 2 Cor 5:14,21; 13:4; 1 Thes 4:14;
5:10; Phil 2:9-10). His death was a sacrifice to God for us (1
Cor 5:7; 1 Cor 11;24-25; Eph 5:2). He sends the Spirit to
make us sons (Gal 4:6; Rm 8:14), giving us "justification"
(Rm 4:25 etc.), "salvation" (1 Cor 1:18,21; 15:2; 2 Cor 2:15
etc.), "reconciliation" (Rm 5:10-11; 2 Cor 5:19; Col 1:20-22;
Eph 2:11-19 ), "expiation" of sins (Rm 3:25; cf. Gal 1:4; 2:20),
"redemption" (1 Cor 1:30; Rm 3:24; 8:19-23; 1 Cor 6:20;
7:23); cf. Col 1:14; Eph 1:7), "freedom" from sin, death, self,
law (2 Cor 3:17; Rm 5-7), "sanctification" (1 Cor 1:30; 1 Thes
4:7), "transformation" (2 Cor 3:18; 4:6; Phil 3:21), being a
"new creation" (Gal 6:15; 2 Cor 5:17) and "glorification"
(8:30; 1 Thes 2;12; 1 Cor 2:7; Col 1:13; Eph 2:6).

52. Man responds to Christ’s saving action by faith and love.
In baptism, where one "puts on Christ" (Gal 3:27) and is
"sanctified and made upright" (1 Cor 6;11), "buried with
Christ" to sin and raised to a new life (Rm 6:4-5 etc.) and
incorporated into the body of Christ (1 Cor 12:13 etc.),
which is the Church (Col 1:17; Eph 1:22-23).
The union of Christians with the head and other
members of Christ's body is nourished and strengthened
by the celebration of the Lord's Supper, where Christ's
own body and blood are really present (1 Cor 11:27) and
his sacrificial death is proclaimed "until he comes" (1 Cor
11;26).

53. CHRIST IS THE IMAGE OF GOD (2
COR 4:4). HUMAN BEINGS ARE
DESTINED TO BE THE IMAGE OF
THE HEAVENLY MAN (1 COR 15:49;
CF. RM 8:29).

54. PAUL’S ETHICS
…faith working itself out through love.
Gal 5:6

55. FAITH AND LOVE
•Faith begins with a “hearing of the word” about Christ and
his salvific role (Rom 10:17). This results in an assent of the
mind, which acknowledges “Jesus is Lord” in one’s existence
(Rom 10:9). It ends with “obedience of faith” (Rom 1:5, 16:26),
submission or commitment of the whole person to God in
Christ.
•Not merely an intellectual assent but a vital, personal
commitment, engaging the whole person to Christ in all his
or her relations with God, other human beings and the world.

56. "IT IS NO LONGER I WHO LIVE,
BUT CHRIST WHO LIVES IN ME;
AND EVEN NOW THE PHYSICAL
LIFE I AM LIVING I LIVE THROUGH
FAITH IN THE SON OF GOD WHO
LOVED ME AND GAVE HIMSELF
FOR ME" (GAL 2:20).

57. FAITH IS A GIFT FROM GOD
•"It is by Christ's favour that you have been saved through faith; and
this does not come from you; it is the gift of God." (Eph 2:8)
•Man is free to accept or reject God’s gracious call.
•Faith is the acceptance or the response on the part of the human
being who realizes that the initiative rests with God.
•The one who does not respond is regarded by Paul as disobedient and
committed to "the god of this age" (2 Cor 4:4), hence culpable and
"perishing".
•The full sense of faith is manifested in conduct through deeds of love.

58. LOVE
•Christian faith is not only a freedom from the law, from sin,
and from the self but also a freedom to serve others in
love or charity (Gal 5:13).
•Love is openness, an outgoing concern and respect of one
person for another/others in concrete acts that result in
the diminution of the lover’s “self” (Phlm 9-12; Gal 5:13;
Rm 12:9-13).
•Love/Charity is the way of Christian life that is
extraordinary (1 Cor 12:31)

59. 1 COR 13: PAUL’S PRAISE OF LOVE IN
CHRISTIAN LIFE
•Its indispensability, its characteristics,
its superiority.

60. •Love is also for Paul the summation of the law (Rm 13:8-
10; Gal 5:14).
•More than a mere assent to monotheism (cf. Jas 2:14-26).
•The root of such love is the Spirit (Gal 5:22) and ultimately
the love of the Father; for the "love of God" is poured out
into our hearts (Rm 5:5; 8:28) and thus it is just as much a
grace of God as faith itself.
•Paul’s Ethics

61. PAULINIAN CORE
VALUES
• Christ-Centeredness. Christ is the center of Paulinian life;
he/she follows and imitates Christ, doing everything in
reference to Him.
• Commission. The Paulinian has a mission - a life purpose to
spread the Good News; like Christ, he/she actively works "to
save" this world, to make it better place to live in.
• Community. The Paulinian is a responsible family member
and citizen, concerned with building communities, promotion
of people, justice, and peace, and the protection of the
environment.

62. PAULINIAN CORE
VALUES
• Charism. The Paulinian develops his/her gifts/talents to be put in the
service of the community, he/she strives to grow and improve daily,
always seeking the better and finer things, and the final good.
• Charity. Urged on by the love of Christ, the Paulinian is warm,
hospitable, and "all to all", especially to the underprivileged.
• Thus, Paulinian Education is committed to the formation of self-directed
Catholic Filipino men and women who find fulfillment in intelligent
fellowship and responsible leadership in meeting their responsibilities to
God, country, and fellowmen.