Agricultural science layer analysis by Carlos Gonsalves

1. 1
Title page
Name of candidate: Carlos Gonsalves
Candidate Number:009470330
School: Saint Stanislaus College
School Code: 00947
Topic: Layer Production
Teacher’s Name: Sir Bon-ni Adonis
Date Submitted: 4/17/2015
Country: Guyana

2. 2
AKNOWLEDGEMENT
The researcher would like to thanks god for the needed patience, strength and knowledge to
complete this project. The researcher would also like to thank his family and friends for the
support that they provided him in completing this project.

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CONTENT PAGE
1………………………………………………………………… Title Page
2…………………………………………………………………. Acknowledgement
3…………………………………………………………………..Content Page
4…………………………………………………………………..Introduction
5…………………………………………………………………..Description of Activities
6…………………………………………………………………..Sketch of Pen
7……………………………………………………………….....Materials and Equipment
8…………………………………………………………………Schedule of Operations
10………………………………………………………………Complete Budget
11………………………………………………………………...Complete Budget
12…………………………………………………………………Mortality
13…………………………………………………………………Analysis
14…………………………………………………………………Conclusion

4. 4
INTRODUCTION
The researcher conducted a project named Layer Production over a period of 45 weeks at Edens
Farm on the East bank of Demerara..

5. 5
DESCRIPTION OF ACTIVITIES
Preparation The newly prepared chicken pen was
littered with fresh sawdust on the ground
And Feeders and waterers were installed in it.
Debeaking The beaks of the birds were cut so they could not peck each
. other.
Feeding The birds were fed twice daily
Water refills The water of the chickens was refilled twice daily
Sawdust Changing The sawdust was replaced with fresh, dry one when the sawdust
that was on the floor got wet.
Egg collection A number of eggs were collected every day.

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SKETCH OF PEN

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MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT
1. Feed
2. Sawdust
3. Bulb
4. Vitamins
5. Water
6. Waterer
7. Feeder
8. Egg trays

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SCHEDULE OF OPERATIONS
Date Activity Comments
12/09/13 Clearing of Pen The pen was swept and brushed
out with a broom so as to remove
dust, cob web, etc
13/09/13 Installation of waterers and
feeders
A total of five feeders and five
waterers were placed into the pen
14/09/13 Lighting and spreading of
shaving
Bulbs were hung from the ceiling
to ensure enough warmth for the
birds. Wood shavings were spread
on the ground as well.
15/09/13 Arrival or birds .The birds were purchased from
dipco company and a total of one
hundred birds arrived. On arrival;
they were inspected carefully
15/09/13 Feeding and watering The chicks were fed on arrival.
They were started off with starter
feed and fresh clean water.
Vitamins were also added to their
daily supply of ration.
15/09/13 Mortalities On this date two chicks died
16/09/13 De-beaking The chicks were de- beaked so as
to prevent them from injuring
each other by picking. In other
words, to prevent cannibalism
20/09/13 Feeding and watering Starter Ration was continued to be
fed to chicks with clean water and
the vitamins were added to their
daily ration.
12/12/13 Mortality One chick died of unknown
causes.
27/12/13 Mortalities Two chicks died
18/01/14 Feeding and watering Feed ration increases due to
development of chicks
31/01/14 Egg collection The first set of eggs was
collected. A number of two eggs
were collected.
1/02/14 Cleaning of eggs Using a clean cloth, all dirt,
feathers etc were removed.
15/02/14 Grading of eggs The eggs were graded according
to their size
16/02/14 Changing of litter This was done using a spade. The
dirty litter was cleared and fresh
shaving was spread on the ground

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05/03/14 Feeding and watering The birds were fed at least twice
daily so as to provide adequate
nutrition.
15/04/14 Changing of litter Some areas of wet littler was
replaced with fresh, dry litter
20/05/14 Egg collection Eggs were collected from the
layers as the chickens laid them.
13/06/14 Grading of Eggs The eggs were graded according
to size .

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COMPLETE BUDGET
Projected Income
Item Unit Total
Eggs (500 trays) $1000 $500,000
Projected Expenditure
Number Item Quantity Unit cost Total
1 Chicks 100 $400 $40,000
2 Feeders 5 $2,500 $12,500
3 Waterers 5 $2,500 $12.500
4 Pullet starter 2 (bags) $5,500 $11,000
5 Pullet grower 20 (bags) $5,300 $106,000
6 Egg ration 25( bags) $5000 $125,000
7 Transportation 5 $1000 $5,000
8 Bulbs 5 $180 $900
Wood shaving 20 (bags) $200 $4000
$316,900
Projected surplus
P.S= P.I – P. E
= $500,000 - $316,900
=$ 183,100

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Actual Income
Item Unit Total
Eggs (264 Trays) $1000 $316,800
Actual Expenditure
Number Item Quantity Unit cost Total
1 Chicks 100 $380 $38,000
2 Feeders 5 $2,500 $12,500
3 Waterers 5 $2,500 $12,500
4 Pullet starter 2 (bags) $6000 $12,000
5 Pullet grower 20 (bags) $5500 $110,000
6 Egg ration 35( bags) $5,200 $182,000
7 Transportation 4 $1000 $4,000
8 Bulbs 5 $180 $900
9 Wood shaving 20 (bags) $200 $4000
$375,900
Actual shortfall
Actual Shortfall = Actual Income – Actual Expenditure
= $316,800 - $375,900
=$ -5,140

12. 12
MORTALITY
Date Amount
15th September 2
12th December 1
27th December 2

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ANALYSIS
Comparison of Projected and Actual Income
The Researcher estimated that he would receive 500 trays of eggs and that he would see each
tray for $1,000 therefore upon all trays sold he would receive a sum of $500,000. In actuality the
researcher received 264 trays of eggs from this project and upon selling all trays for $1,000 made
$316,800. He experienced a shortfall from his projected income because not enough eggs were
collected to reach the target sum of $500,000. This was so because egg collection had to be cut
short to accommodate completion of SBA records. The researcher saw a shortfall of $83,200.
Comparison of Projected and Actual Expenditure
The researcher estimated that all materials and equipment needed including transportation would
sum up to a cost of $ 316,900. In actuality all materials and equipment including transportation
fee added up to a total sum of $ 375,900. The increased cost for the materials in actuality was
due to inflation of the actual prices. The researcher experienced a different of $49,000 from the
projected to actual expenditure.
Comparison of Projected Surplus and Actual Shortfall
The researcher upon all calculations, estimated a surplus of $183,100. However upon actually
selling all eggs collected the researcher witnessed a massive difference to that of his projected
surplus. The researcher saw a shortfall of $- 59,100. The difference between the projected
surplus and actual shortfall was a massive $124,000. This was so as the researcher only managed
to collect 264 trays of eggs in the given timeframe and not the estimated 500 trays as egg
collection had to be stopped to accommodate completion of SBA records
General comments
This project was a great experience.
This project was considered to be successful despite the shortfall as a vast amount of knowledge
was gained on the care and raising of layer birds for the purpose of egg collection and sale.
Recommendation
The researcher would like to recommend that others pursue this project as it is a great
experience. The researcher would also like to recommend that persons who are doing this project
set realistic goals and projections so as they would not experience a shortfall.

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CONCLUSION
On concluding this project the researcher spent 48 weeks to collect 264 trays of eggs which
awarded him a total sum of $316,800 which was a shortfall of $59,100 from what he spent and a
shortfall of $ 147,000 to his estimated surplus.