Physiology of Seed Germination

1. PHYSIOLOGY OF SEED
GERMINATION
Reporters: Carl Sean Margate
Jerson Olano
Crisjundiy Noval

2. PHYSIOLOGY OF SEED GERMINATION
SEED : seed is a ripe , fertilized
ovule
GERMINATION: It is a process by
which an organism grows from a seed
or spore. Seeds remain dormant until
conditions are favorable for
germination. All seeds need water,
oxygen and optimal temperature to
germinate.
Reference: Vol. 7:299-324 (Volume publication date June
1956)

3. Seed germination is defined
as the sum of events that
begin with hydration of the
seed and culminate in
emergence of the embryonic
axis (usually the radicle) from
the seed coat.
Seed Germination

4. • Cereal grains consist of three parts:
 The embryo – the embryo, which will grow into the new
seedling, has a specialized absorptive organ, the scutellum.
 The endosperm – The triploid endosperm is composed of
two tissues; starchy endosperm and aleurone layer.
 The fused testa-pericarp - In caryopsis fruits pericarp is
fused with the seed coat and found in wheat and rice.
Structure of a cereal grain

5. • Starchy endosperm – the nonliving starchy
endosperm consists of thin-walled cells filled with
starch grains and it is centrally located.
• Aleurone layer – Living cells of the aleurone layer,
which surrounds the endosperm, synthesize and
release hydrolytic enzymes into the endosperm
during germination.
Structure of a cereal grain

7. • Keep in mind that the ovule in the ovary is what
becomes the seed. The integument of the ovule
becomes the seed coat. Inside the integument of the
ovule was the embryo sac. The antipodals and
synergids senesce and disintegrate. The central cell
united with one sperm cell to make endosperm...a
nutritive tissue that accumulates starch, protein, and
fats to provide for the growth of the embryo. The egg
cell of the embryo sac united with the other sperm cell
to make a zygote. The zygote grows and becomes a
true embryo inside the integument.
Physiological processes of seed

9. THANK YOU EVERYONE!
GOD BLESS US ALL!