Textile finishing techniques

1. CHEMICAL FINISHES IN
TECHNICAL TEXTILE
PRESENTATION BY:
BOOBALAN.S

2. TECHNICAL TEXTILE
Technical textile is defined as textile materials and products
manufactured primary for their technical performance and functional
properties, rather than for their aesthetic and decorativecharacteristics..
TEXTILE FINISHING
Finishing is a term which usually refers to the treatments given on a
textile material to enhance quality, after coloration but before the textiles
are cut and sewn into garments, house hold textiles or otherproducts.

3. OBJECTIVES OF TEXTILE FINISHING
• To improve the attractiveness and service ability of the textile materials.
• To accentuate/inhibit some natural characteristics on the textile materials
such as softening, lusture, brightening etc.
• To change the surface characteristics of textile materials.
• To impart new characteristics/properties of textile materials such as flame
retardant, water repellent or water proof finishes.
• To increase life and durability of textile materials.
• To set the fabric, so that it can be maintained its shape and structure.
• To set the chemicals into the textile materials.
• To meet up specific end uses.

4. CLASSIFICATION OF TEXTILE FINISHING
• The most basic classification is:
Aesthetic finishes
Functional finishes
• Finishes also classified as follows:
Mechanical finishes
Chemical finishes/Wet finishes
• Finishes also can be classified by their degree of performance:
Permanent finishes
Durable finishes
Semi-durable finishes
Temporary finishes

5. CHEMICAL FINISHES / WET FINISHES:
• Chemical finishes are a class of textile finish, where selected chemicals
are used to enhance an already existing or introducing a totally new
property or properties to the textile material. Wet finishes consist ofthe
following:
Waterproof Finish
Water Repellent Finish
Flame Repellent Finish
Resin Finish
Anti-microbial Finish
Anti-Static Finish
Anti-moth Finish
Anti-rot & mildew Finish etc.

6. • Water proof finishes are those
finishes which will not allow
water to pass through regardless
of the time exposure
• Fabrics to be used as raincoats,
umbrellas, inflatable boats and
tarpaulins are treated with this
finish
• Chemical used for this finish are
as follows:
Vulcanized natural rubber
Oxidized oils of varnishes
Cellulose acetate
• Water repellant finish is different
from water proof finish. Water
repellant finishes are which resist
the penetration of water into the
fabric but permits the passage of
moisture or air.
• This type of finish is used on textile
materials which are to be used as
rainwear, umbrellas, tarpaulins, etc.
• Chemical used for this finish are as
follows:
Fluorocarbon
Silicones
Paraffins
WATER PROOF FINISH
WATER REPELLANT
FINISH

7. • A chemical application designedto
increase a fabric's resistance to
flame spread.
• This finish is manly used for
making firefighter uniforms. It is
also used for making flame-
retardant insulation fabric.
• Chemical used for this finish are
as follows:
Bromine
Phosphorus
Nitrogen
FLAME REPELLANT
FINISH
ANTI-MICROBAL
FINISH
• These finishes are used to
inhibit the growth of bacteria
and other odor causing germs,
prevent decay and damage
from perspiration, control the
spread of diseases, reduce the
risk of infection.
• These finishes are used for skin
contact clothing, shoe lining
and specially hospital items.
• Chemical used for this finish are
as follows:
Triclosan
Metallic Salts
Ethylene Oxide

8. • The process of applying resins on
textile material so that they cross
link inside the amorphous region,
block the free hydroxyl groups,
prevent the H-bond formation
and thus improve selective
properties of the fabric
• Resin finish greatly increases the
strength and durability of the
fabric while also increasing
resistance to effects of different
elements of the environment.
• Chemical used for this finish are
as follows:
Urea formaldehyde resin
Ketone resins
Vinyl resins
• Moth, silverfish etc. attack fiber
like cotton, wool worsted etc.
Mothproof finish is used to
protect such fabrics form attack
of moth.
• Chemical used for this finish are as
follows:
Chromium fluoride
Antimony fluoride
DDT
RESIN FINISH ANTI-MOTH FINISH

9. CONCLUSION
• Fabric finishes play a major role in the garment. These finishes are derived
from both natural as well as manmade sources. Finishes improve
appearance of fabric along with its performance and hence are divided on
the basis of aesthetic and functional properties. Finishes decrease crease,
improve flame retardation, provide softness and stiffness, decrease pilling,
raise fibers from fabric surface and also provide protection against
microbes, insects and bacteria. Overall finishes play an important role in
determining cost and improving quality of fabric.