Social Work practice conducting PDNA in post disaster situation: Special reference to the volcanic eruption in bordering area of DR Congo-Rwanda, East Africa on Saturday 22nd May 2021. Presented before the students of Department of Social Work, Visva-Bharati (A Central University of National Importance ) on 11th July 2021 from RWANDA

1. Social Work practice
conducting PDNA in
post disaster
situation:
Special reference to the volcanic eruption in bordering
area of DR Congo-Rwanda, East Africa on Saturday
22nd May 2021.
Bibhuti Bhusan Gadanayak
Senior Technical Advisor, DRM & Emergency
UNDP – MINEMA, Kigali – Nyarugemge, Rwanda
Presented before the students of Department of Social Work, Visva-
Bharati (A Central University of National Importance ) on 11th July 2021
from RWANDA

2. Session
outline
SDG Meaning and purpose
Global commitments-SOCIAL WORK Education
Social work methods
Social work practice
What constitutes good socialwork practice ?
What is PDNA - objectives
Why to conduct a PDNA: Rationale
Key principles
Volcano eruption Goma DR Congo- Rwanda
PDNA Activation
Typical Sectors and Subsectors
Role of National Government in the assessment
Role of UN Agencies in the assessment
PDNA implementation process

3. SDG Meaning and purpose
17 Goals, 169 targets, 232 indicators
What we mean SDG:
The SDGs define the world we want. They apply
to all nations and mean, quite simply, to ensure that
no one is left behind. ... The 17 SDGs ARE the
2030 Agenda, the map of the world we seek
What is the main purpose of SDGs?
The SDGs, also known as the Global Goals, were
adopted by the UN in 2015 as a universal call to
action to end poverty, protect the planet, and
ensure that by 2030 all people enjoy peace and
prosperity.

4. Global commitments -
Social work education
SDG
SDG 4: It aims to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong
learning opportunities for all.” - Social Protection Systems in Sustained Social
Development - Social Worker in Social Protection Systems
At the IFSW General Meeting 2014 calling for an IFSW policy on “The Role of Social Work in Social Protection Floor” this policy paper comprises two parts: The first addresses the need for all
people to have access to competent social protection systems. The second part is directed at the role of social workers working with people engaged with these systems. Both parts advance that the
understanding of social work locates social welfare in a broader context of a social developmental model making social protection transformative, leading to positive economic outcomes, to more
sustainable, stabilised, resilient and harmonious societies.
SFDRR The SFDRR-2015-30 is emphasizing on, community participation
and preparedness, as a major strategy for DRR, for managing disasters.
It ensures that, effects of disasters are minimized and people are made, resilient for improved coping
capacities, to attain resettlement at the earliest.
PA Social work, climate change and global cooperation
This article discusses how social work might respond to this challenge. It outlines the social
implications, social work theorists’ reconceptualization of the environmental space as a
domain of practice and ways that the global social work community can act to address these
significant global challenges.

5. CW
CO
Swelfare.
A
SA
SWR
GW
1
Perlman, 1957
Social case work is process used by certain
human welfare agencies to help individuals cope
more effectively with their problems in social
functioning.
2
Hamilton 1949
Social Group work is a psychosocial process which is
concerned no less than with developing leadership ability
and co operation than with building on the interests of the
group for asocial purpose
3
Walter W. Pettitin
19252
Community organization is perhaps best defined as
assisting a group of people to recognize their
common needs and helping them to meet these
needs.”
4
Arther Kurse
The administrative process seeks to mobilize the total
resources of the agency to the end that its purpose are
translated into efficient and effective service.
5
Nanavati, MC 1965
Social action is a process of bringing about the desired
changes to deliberate group and community effort. Social action
does not end with the enactment and singing of social
legislation, but that the execution of policies was the real test of the
success or failure of social action
6
PV Young
Social research may be regarded as a method of studying, of
analysing and conceptualizing social life to extend, correct
or verify knowledge, whether that knowledge aids in the
construction of a theory or in the practice of an art.
Social
work
methods

6. Social work practice
1
helping people obtain tangible
services;
2
counseling and psychotherapy
with individuals, families, and
groups;
3
helping communities or groups
provide or improve social and
health services; and
4
participating in legislative
processes.
The practice of social work requires knowledge of human
development and behavior; of social, economic, and cultural
institutions; and of the interaction of all these factors.
Social work practice
consists of the
professional application
of social work values,
principles, and
techniques to one or
more of the following :
1,2,3,4

7. What constitutes good social work
practice ?
4 basic elements of social work that underpin professional social work practice.
1 Process
2 Knowledge
3 Values and ethics
4 Skills
Good
practice

8. What is PDNA - objectives
The Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) is an internationally
accepted methodology for determining the physical damages, economic
losses, and costs of meeting recovery needs after a natural disaster through
a government-led process.
Objectives of PDNA
1
PDNA is a mechanism for joint
assessment and recovery planning
after a disaster
2
The joint assessment analyses the damage,
economic loss, effects and impact of the
disaster and identifies recovery needs across
identified sectors
3
The assessment also highlights the
macro-economic and human
impacts of the disaster
4
The recovery needs identified helps to
mobilize resources and develop a
comprehensive recovery strategy

9. The PDNA is envisaged as a country owned and
led process, supported by international agencies
and other stakeholders
By bringing together key stakeholders engaged in
recovery, the PDNA aims to avoid duplication
and harmonize assessment efforts
The multi-stakeholder approach leads to the
development of a single PDNA report that can be
used as a tool for planning and programming
recovery, as well for resource mobilization
Why
conduct a
PDNA:
Rationale

10. Commonplatform
for coordinated
action
Enhance country
resilienceto crisis
People-centred
inclusiveapproach
to thecivil society
Government led
process
Strengthen
national
institutions
Harmonize
methodologies,
toolkitsandcapacity
buildingapproach
Key principles

11. Volcano eruption Goma
DR Congo- Rwanda
Saturday 22 May 2021 around 18.30 UTC, first news of an
eruption of the Volcano Nyiragongo occured at the north
city of Goma in North Kivu province.
No. of people affected: 2 million
No. of home less: 100,000
Refugee across border Rwanda: More than 5000
Road disconnected:01
Human lives lost: 05
No. of children separated from their families: 150
No. of children are feared to be missing:170
No. of people displaced in Sake; 25 km NW of Goma: 25,000

13. In country communication between EU, WB,
UN of a possible request for a PDNA,
reported immediately to HQ.
Official request from the Government and
joint decision to activate a PDNA including
the designation of the national lead ministry.
Deployment of a Planning Mission and
formulation of the ToRs for the PDNA.
Definition of the support that Government
and partners will provide to the process.
PDNA
Activatio
n

14. Typical Sectors and
Subsectors
PRODUCTIVE SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE
CROSS-CUTTING
GENDER GOVERNANCE ENVIRONMENT DISASTERRISK REDUCTION EMPLOYMENTAND LIVELIHOODS
Note: The diagram above illustrates the typical sectors that are assessed in the PDNA, this can vary from country to country.

15. Role of
National
Government
in the
assessment
Leadership and
Coordination
 Designation of a Ministry to lead and
anchor the PDNA process.
 Brings together all national ministries and
departments and international actors
under a joint process
Data Collection &
access to
information
 Pre-Disaster data National data bases, line
ministries data bases
 Post disaster data: Facilitates data
collection from the affected areas
Provideslogistics
support
 Space for PDNA secretariat
 Facilities for workshops and consultations
Reviews and
endorses the
PDNA report
 Reviews all sector reports for accuracy
 Approves the report at the highest office
 Allocates resources, presents report for
international assistance

16. Role of UN
Agencies in
the
assessment
Social sectors  Housing, land and settlements (UN-
Habitat)
 Education (UNICEF)
 Health (WHO)
 Culture (UNESCO)
Productive
sectors
 Agriculture, fisheries and livestock (FAO)
 Employment and livelihoods (ILO)
Infrastructure
sectors
 Water and sanitation (UNICEF)
 Community infrastructure (UNDP)
Cross-cutting  DRR (UNDP)
 Governance (UNDP)
 Gender (UN Women)
 Environment (UNEP)

17. PDNA
implementati
on process

18. Factors that
contribute
to the success of a
PDNA
• Government Leadership: National ownership and leadership is an
essential pre-requisite for the use and application of the PDNA.
• National expertise : Works better when people with skills and
knowledge of the country and region undertake the PDNA. Its
should be Institutionalized as a part of the national DRR strategy.
• Linked with Recovery: The PDNA must lead to recovery planning
and programming. It should be done with a on focus on reducing
risks and “building back better
• Right balance : PDNA must have the right balance between social
and economic and infrastructure needs
• Time bound :The PDNA should be planned and completed within a
stipulated timeframe.
• Collaborative Effort : The PDNA is a collaboration between
ministries and national and international partners. A strong
collaboration leads to better results.

19. Selected references
1. https://think.taylorandfrancis.com/special_issues/sustainable-development-goals-social-work-education/
2. https://www.ifsw.org/social-work-and-the-united-nations-sustainable-development-goals-sdgs/
3. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1753-1411.2007.00005.x
4. BB Gadanayak, J K Routray (2010), A Path to disaster resilient communities, Lambert Academic Publishing, Germany
5. Chapter 5: Social Work Practice Settings: https://ferrisintroductiontosocialwork.pressbooks.com/chapter/chapter-5-social-work-practice-settings/
6. The 4 Ps, 4 Rs, and 4 Ms: https://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/4915/5033223/item_11_14.pdf
7. Social Work and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): https://www.ifsw.org/social-work-and-the-united-nations-sustainable-
development-goals-sdgs/ Community Participation and Preparedness for Integrating Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) in Managing Disasters A Study of Srinagar
Floods (2014), Indiahttps://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/328027247.pdf
8. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0020872814556824
9. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/002087280104400208
10.https://www.ifsw.org/social-work-and-the-united-nations-sustainable-development-goals-sdgs/ Social Work Methods By Renuka
Kumarhttp://ddceutkal.ac.in/Syllabus/MSW/Paper-5.pdf
11.UNISDR (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction). Sendai framework for disaster risk reduction 2015–2030. UNISDR, 2015.
12.Prime Ministers Ten Point Agenda on Disaster Risk Reduction, AMCDRR 2016
13.UN SDG Global Report, 2020
14.The World Bank. India development update, July 2020. Washington, DC: The World Bank, 2020
15.Outcome of the World Humanitarian Summit Report of the Secretary-General, UNGA, 2016
16.Capacity Development, A UNDP Premier
17.Lifeline, The resilient Infrastructure Opportunity, World Bank
18.Climate Resilient Infrastructure, Policy Prospective, OECD Policy Paper 14
19.A Panda and N Ramos, Options for addressing Infrastructure Resilience, Working paper, UNDRR
20.United Nations Global Assessment Report.

20. Questions?
?