It discuss on model lesson plan I & II Topic: SUBJECT - : SCIENCE- BOTANY, UNIT - RESPIRATIN IN PLANTS TOPIC - TRANSPIRATION, CLASS - VIII & IX - Circulatory system - HUMAN BODY ORGAN SYSTEM

1. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
MODEL LESSON PLAN - I
NAME OF THE STUDENT TEACHER :
SUBJECT : SCIENCE- BOTANY
UNIT : RESPIRATIN IN PLANTS
TOPIC : TRANSPIRATION
CLASS : VIII
DURATION : 45 MINUTES
DATE :

2. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
CONTENT ANALYSIS:
1. Plant absorbs a large quantity of water from the soil by the root hairs.
2. They use only a fraction of this absorbed water.
3. A large amount of water is lost by plants in the form of vapours.
4. The loss of water through the aerial parts of the plant such as leaves and green shoot is known as transpiration.
5. There are three different types of transpiration. They are stomatal transpiration, cuticular transpiration and lenticular
transpiration.
6. Stomata are tiny pores in the epidermis of leaves and other aerial parts of the plant like stem.
7. They are surrounded by two kidney shaped cells called guard cells.
8. Each guard cell has an elastic outer thin wall and a thick inner wall. When the guard cells are turgid (full of water), the
outer walls are stretched and the stomata remains open. This happens during day time.
9. At night, the guard cells become flaccid by losing water to the surrounding cells.
10. The inner wall comes closer. This reduces the stomatal opening.
11. The transpiration of water through stomata is called stomatal transpiration.
12. A large quantity of water is lost through the stomata during transpiration.
13. Cuticle is the waxy layer lying over the epidermis of the leaf. Only a small amount of transpiration occurs through the
cuticle. This is known as cuticular transpiration.
14. Lenticels are minute pores found on the barks of woody plants.
15. A small amount of transpiration occurs through lenticels also. This transpiration is known as lenticular transpiration.
16. Experiment is done to show that transpiration takes place through the leaves by Bell Jar Experiment.

3. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
17. In this experiment, take two identical potted plants with broad leaves. Cover the surface of the pot with rubber sheet so that
the soil is not exposed.
18. In one plant, remove all the leaves and apply Vaseline to the cut ends of the leaves. Cover both the jar. Observe what
happens?
19. The factors that affect transpiration are light, temperature, wind, quantity of water in the soil, number of stomata and
surface area of the leaf.
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
Knowledge: The pupil acquires the knowledge of transpiration in plants.
Understanding: The pupil understands the different types of transpiration in plants that takes places through different parts of the
plants body.
Application: The pupil applies the knowledge of transpiration through three different types of transpiration namely cuticular
transpiration, lenticular transpiration and stomatal transpiration
Skill: The pupil understands and develops the skill by an experimental method called as ‘Bell Jar Experiment’`
SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES
The pupil:
a) Know the meaning of transpiration
b) Recalls the process of absorption of water by root hairs from soil.
c) Understands the loss of water in plants takes place by the process called transpiration.

4. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
d) Learns, the transpiration takes place through the aerial parts of the plants such as leaves and green shoot.
e) Identifies the different types transpiration
f) Classifies the types of transpiration
g) Differentiates the three different types of transpiration through examples
h) Explains the reason of transpiration types
i) Develops the general concept behind this transpiration process.
j) Understands how the water is absorbed and how the transpiration takes place
k) Defines the transpiration in own words & Learns the transpiration process by doing bell jar experiment
TEACHING LEARNING MATERIALS
1. Flow chart – chart
2. Working model of stomata & lungs
3. Static model of the cross section of the leaf showing stomata
4. OHP sheet
5. Placard
REFERENCES:
1. VI to IX – Tamil Nadu Text book Society
2. Focus – Class 7 & 8- Term I & II - Jessi Publications
3. www.science.in

5. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
SPECIFICATION CONTENT LEARNING EXPERIENCE EVALUATION
MOTIVATION
INTRODUCTION
Understands
Defines
Recalls
Identifies
Transpiration
Plants absorb a large quantity of water from the soil by
the root hairs. They use only a fraction of this absorbed
water. A large amount of water is lost by plants in the
form of water vapors.
(The teacher motivates the
students by asking following
question):
 How do green plants
prepare food?
 Name the materials
required for the
photosynthesis?
 What is absorption?
 Name the process by
which absorption takes
place in plants.
Recognizes the meaning
transpiration
Defines the transpiration
What is
absorption?
What is
transpiration?

6. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Observes
Understands
Draws
Observes
Understands
The loss of water through the aerial parts of the plant
such as leaves and green shoot is known as transpiration.
Types of transpiration
1. Stomatal transpiration
2. Cuticular transpiration
3. Lenticular transpiration
Observes the plants and recalls
the xylem, Phloem, evaporation
& transpiration
List the types of respiration
The loss of water
through -----------
--- and ------------
- is known as
Transpiration
What are the
three different
types of
transpiration?
What is stomatal
transpiration?
What are guard
cells?

7. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Learns
Differentiates Stomatal transpiration
Stomata are tiny pores in the epidermis of leaves and
other aerial parts of the plant like stem. They are
surrounded by two kidney shaped cells called guard cells.
Each guard cell has an elastic outer wall. When the guard
cells are turgid (full of water). The outer walls are
stretched and the stomata remain open. This happens
during day time. At night, the guard cells become flaccid
by losing water to the surrounding cells.
Understands the functions of
guard cells by observing the
chart
Observes the stomatal
transpiration chart
Comprehends the guard cell
movement in the morning and
evening.
Draw the
structure of open
stomatal pore
and label the
parts.
Draw the
structure of
closing of
stomatal pore.
The transpiration
of water through
stomata is called
---------------

8. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Explains
Observes
Learns
Understands
Differentiates
The inner walls come closer. This reduces the stomatal
opening. The transpiration of water through stomata is
called stomatal transpiration. A large quantity of water is
lost through stomata is called stomatal transpiration. A
large quantity of water is lost through the stomata during
transpiration.
Recognizes the difference
between types of transpiration
Understands the movement of
inner wall
Stmata are
minute pores
confined to ------
--------- of green
shoot & leaves.
Inner wall come
closer reduces
the ----------------
---------

9. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Observes
Explains
Understands
Observes
Cuticular transpiration
Cuticle is a waxy layer lying over the epidermis of the
leaf. Learns the functions of cuticle
Comprehends the percentage of
transpiration in plants
Observes the types of
transpiration from chart and
ways of water is transpired.
What is cuticle?
What is cuticular
transpiration?
In cuticular
transpiration -----
----------- amount
of transpiration
occurs

10. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Observes
Demonstrates
Explains
Identifies
Only a small amount of transpiration occurs through the
cuticle. This is known as cuticular transpiration.
Lenticular transpiration
Lenticels are minute pores found on the barks of woody
plants.
A small amount of transpiration occurs through lenticels
also. This is known as lenticular transpiration.
Pronounces the lenticular
transpiration and percentage of
transmission
Discriminate between cuticle
and lenticel transpiration
What are
lenticels?
What is
lenticular
transpiration?
Lenticels are
present in --------
---- & -----------

11. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Lists
Understands
Observes
EXPERIMENT TO SHOW THAT
TRANSPIRATION TAKES PLACE
TRHROUGH THE LEAVES
(BELL JAR EXPERIMENT)
Take two identical potted plants with broad leaves. Cover
the surface of the pot with rubber sheet. So that the soil is
not exposed. In one plant, remove all the leaves and
apply Vaseline to the cut ends of the leaves. Cover both
Observes the experiment
Discerns the steps
Write down the
materials
required for bell
jar experiment
What is the aim
of conducting the
bell jar
experiment
Write the
inference of the
experiment.
Elucidate the bell
jar experiment.

12. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Explains
the potted plants separately with two dry bell jars. Leave
this set up for few hours. Observe what happens?
Droplets of water are seen on the inner surface of the bell
jar which covered the plants with leaves, whereas no
water droplet is seen in the other bell jar. The presence of
water droplets proves that transpiration takes place only
through leaves.
Understands the procedures of
the experiment
Records the inference
What is the role
of Vaseline in
this experiment

13. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
understands
Explains
FACTORS AFFECTING TRANSPIRATION
Light, temperature, win, quantity of water in the soil,
number of stomata and surface area of the leaf are the
factors that affect transpiration.
Observes the pictures of
transpiration in garden
Lists the factors affecting the
transpiration
What are the
factors that affect
transpiration?
MIND MAP:
Draw mind map for transpiration – types of transpiration

14. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
EXPERIMENTATION AND FIELD INVESTIGATION:
Children are able to observe the plants and they are motivated to conduct the simple experiment ‘transpiration’ in
the school garden plants.
INFORMATION SKILLS AND PROJECT WORKS:
1. collect types of plant transpiration pictures and classify the recording table
2. record the different time (Morning / afternoon / evening) transpiration in different plant
3. prepare a report based on the findings
MODEL MAKING
1. Draw the diagram of different types of transpiration
2. Prepare a working model of open stomata & closed stomata with low-cost material
3. Draw a neat diagram of bell jar experiment

15. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
REVIEW:
Transpiration - types of transpiration – stomatal, cuticular & lenticular transpiration – bell jar experiment – factors affecting
transpiration
ASSIGNMENT:
Find out the reason, why the number of stomata is considered to be as one of the factors that affects transpiration.

16. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
MODEL LESSON PLAN - II
NAME OF THE STUDENT TEACHER :
SUBJECT : SCIENCE- ZOOLOGY
UNIT : HUMAN BODY ORGAN SYSTEM
TOPIC : CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
CLASS : IX
DURATION : 45 MINUTES
DATE :

17. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
CONTENT ANALYSIS
1. Circulatory system- A special system which includes heart, blood vessels and blood.
2. This system makes the blood to circulate around the body, because of the contraction and expansion of the heart.
3. Blood vascular system is divided into open blood vascular system and closed blood vascular system.
4. Open blood vascular system: In this, the blood is pumped by the heart into the blood vessels that open into blood
spaces/cavities. There is no capillary system- Eg: arthropods; Cavities- haemocoel. The pressure of the blood is very low -
Eg: cockroach
5. In closed blood vascular system, the blood circulates through the blood vessels and it creates blood pressure inside the blood
vessels. Eg: human
6. Heart- hollow, muscular, conical in shape; covered with doubled walled membrane- pericardium. The space between the
pericardial membrane- pericardial spaces, filled with- pericardial fluid. Pericardial fluid protects the heart from shock. Heart
is placed inside the thoracic chamber, in between the lungs in the mediastinum.
7. Human heart has 4 chambers: 2 upper thin- artria and 2 lower thick- ventricles. Right and left side of the heart is separated by
longitudinal wall- inter atrioventricular septum.
8. Valves in heart are divided into three. They are – Tricuspid valve (located between right atrium and right ventricle)
Bicuspid/mitral valve(located between left atrium and left ventricle) Semi lunar valve (present near the mouth of pulmonary
artery and aorta)
9. Arteries carry blood away from the heart, except pulmonary artery.
10. Veins carry deoxygenated blood except pulmonary vein.
11. Capillaries are fine, small tubes separating in all cells. They perform all functions of blood vascular system- vital tube of blood
vascular system.

18. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Difference Arteries Veins
Carry blood From heart to the organs From organs to heart
Type of blood Oxygenated blood except PA Deoxygenated blood except PV
Wall and elastic Thick and elastic Thin and less elastic
Founds Deep inside the muscles Superficially
Valves Absent Present
PA- Pulmonary Artery
PV- Pulmonary Vein
GENERAL INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES:
1. Knowledge: the pupil acquires the knowledge about the circulatory system.
2. Understanding: the pupil understands the organ involved in the circulatory system.
3. Skill: the pupil develops the skill of drawing the circulatory system.
4. Application: The pupil applies by analyzing the circulatory system.
SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONAL OBJECTIVES:
1. Knowledge: The pupil
a) Recalls the importance of heart
b) Recognizes the sound of the heart beat
2. Understanding: The pupil
a) Understands the types of valves present in the heart
b) Understands the difference between artery and vein

19. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
3. Application: The pupil
a) Analyses the function of heart
b) Apply the knowledge of checking the heart beat in the wrist
4. Interests: The pupil
a) Enjoys the observation of the chart and the function of heart through a model
b) Surfs internet and collects extra information of heart
TEACHING AIDS:
1. Heart of sheep specimen
2. Working model of circulatory system
3. Circulatory system poster
4. Flash cards
5. Chart showing the diagram of human circulatory system
SPECIFICATION CONTENT LEARNING EXPERIENCE EVALUATION
Motivation (Teacher motivates the
students by asking the
following questions):
 How do you identify
that a person is living?
 Which sound is heard
when you check the

20. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Introduction
Listens
Defines
Explains
Circulatory system
Circulatory system is a special system which contains
heart, blood vessels and blood. This system makes the
blood to circulate around the body because of the
contraction and expansion of heart.
It is also called as blood vascular system. Blood vascular
system is classified into open blood vascular system
and closed blood vascular system.
In open type, the blood is pumped by the heart into the
blood vessels that opens into blood spaces (cavities).
pulse of a person?
 Which organ in our
body is related to our
fist of our hand size?
 Which organ pumps
blood and circulates
all through the body?
 Which system is
concerned with
circulation?
(The teacher introduces the
topic as circulatory system)
Define Circulatory system
What are the two types of
blood vascular system are
seen?
What is
circulatory
system?
Circulatory
system is also
called as ----------
----

21. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Differentiate
between
There is no capillary system, eg: most arthropods. These
cavities are called haemocoel. The pressure of the blood
here is very low, eg: Cockroach, whereas in closed type,
the blood is circulating through the blood vessels and it
creates blood pressure inside the blood vessels. Eg:
Human.
Heart is a hallow, muscular organ and conical shape. The
heart is covered with double-walled membrane called
pericardium. The space between the pericardial
membranes is called pericardial space, which is filled
with pericardial fluid. This fluid protects the heart from
shock. The heart is placed inside the thoracic chamber in
What is open blood vascular
system?
What is closed blood vascular
system
Illustrates the structure of the
heart by displaying a chart
and showing a model.
What is the shape of the
heart?
Open blood
vessels are seen
in ------
Closed blood
vessels are seen
in -------
Heart is a ---, -----
---- organ.

22. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Illustrates with
diagram
Views
Draws, label &
between the two lungs in the mediastinum.
Human heart consists of 4 chambers. Two upper thin
chamber – artria and two lower thick chambers –
ventricles. The right side of the heart is separated from
the left side by a longitudinal wall named inter artrio
ventricular septum
Internal structures of heart:
What is pericardium?
Where is heart placed?
Distinguishes the chambers of
heart with the flash cards
Pupil observes the structure of
the heart from specimen
What is inter- artrio
ventricular septum?
The heart is
placed inside the -
--------------
Which protects
the heart from
shock?
Human heart
consists of --------
chambers.
Draw heart entire
diagram

23. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
observes
Demonstrates
Give reason
Understands
Valves on heart:
Tricuspid valve: Located between the right atrium and
right ventricle
Bicuspid valve (Mitral valve):
Lies in between left atrium and left ventricle.
Semi lunar valves: Present near the mouth of pulmonary
artery and aorta.
The blood vessels carrying blood away from the heart are
arteries. They carry oxygenated blood except pulmonary
artery. Veins carry deoxygenated blood except
pulmonary veins. Capillaries are fine, small tubes found
What is artria?
What are ventricles?
Where bicuspid valve is
located?
Where semi lunar valve is
seen?
What are the valves are seen
in heart?
Draw neat
diagram of
Human heart L.S.
and mark the
parts.
Tricuspid valve is
located between -
--------
Draw blood
circulation
process
What are
capillaries?

24. Dr. C. Beulah Jayarani
Realizes the
significance
spreading in the midst of the cells. They perform all the
functions of blood vascular system. It is considered as
vital tube of the blood vascular system.
Explain the differentiate
between arteries and veins
Veins carry -------
-- except -------
Differences Arteries Veins
Carry blood From heart to the organs From organs to heart
Type of blood Oxygenated blood except PA Deoxygenated blood except PV
Wall and elastic Thick and elastic Thin and less elastic
Found Deep inside the muscles Superficially
Valves Absent Present
Review:
Circulatory system – blood vascular system – open and closed system – shape of the heart – structure of heart – valves –
blood vessels- arteries – veins capillaries
Assignment:
1. Buy a sheep heart from butchers’ shop, cut it into longitudinal equal half and observe the chambers.
2. Prepare a working model of circulatory system