LITERATURE REVIEW OF CORPORATE OFFICE BUILDIND

1. LITERATURE REVIEW
CORPORATE OFFICE
SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:
ANISH UPRETI (PURO75BAR005) AR. DURGA RAJ AVENG
ANSHU SHAH (PUR075BAR007) AR. PRADIP POKHAREL
BARSHA SHAH (PUR075BAR013)
JANARDAN DAS (PUR075BAR018)
KARUNA ADHIKARI (PUR075BAR022)

2. OFFICE
● IT IS GENERALLY A BUILDING, ROOM OR OTHER AREA WHERE AN ORGANIZATION’S EMPLOYEES PERFORM ADMINISTRATIVE
WORK IN ORDER TO SUPPORT AND REALIZE OBJECTS AND GOALS OF THE COMPANY.
CORPORATE OFFICE
● MAIN OFFICE ALSO CALLED THE HEADQUARTER OF THE CORPORATION.
● USUALLY HUB OF THE COMPANY WHERE TOP DECISION ARE MADE.
● WHERE THE EXECUTIVES OF THE COMPANY INCLUDING THE CEO, MAINTAIN THEIR OFFICES.
https://smallbusiness.chron.com/differences-between-corporate-office-registered-office-39740.html
https://smallbusiness.chron.com/differences-between-corporate-office-registered-office-39740.html

3. HISTORY OF CORPORATE OFFICE
● WITH THE BRITISH EMPIRE EXPANDING - INCREASES IN LEVEL OF TRADE.
● 1st OFFICE BUILDING WAS BUILT IN 1726 IN LONDON.
● IT SERVES TO HANDLE MASSES OF PAPER WORKS GENERATED BY ROYAL NAVY, BOARD MEETING ROOM.
● FRANK LLYOD WRIGHT IS CREDITED FOR DEVELOPING 1st COMMERCIALLY- VERIABLE TAYLORIST OFFICE
● FOR A MAIL ORDER SHOP COMPANY IN 1904.
HISTORY
● IN THE LATE 19TH CENTURY , CORPORATE HISTORIES WERE INITIALLY WRITTEN BY VICTORIAN ERA BUSINESSMAN.
● A NOTABLE EARLY US-CORPORATE HISTORY PUBLISHED IN 1902, WAS THAT OF STANDARD OIL.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporate_history#:~:text=A%20corporate%20history%20is%20a,done%20in%20audio%20or%20audiovisually.&text=Corporate%20hist
ories%20in%20the%20United,in%20the%20UK%20less%20so.

4. PURPOSES OF CORPORATE OFFICE
● TO PROVIDE A HOME FOR DEPARTMENTS THAT SUPPORT THE PRIMARY BUSINESS DEPARTMENT INDIRECTLY.
● BY PROVIDING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICES.
● IT SUPPORTS THE AT HIGHER LEVEL LIKE FINANCIAL REPORTING OR BY CREATING GOVERNMENT REPORTS
https://bizfluent.com/info-8214714-corporate-office.html

5. RELATION BETWEEN OFFICE AND SOCIETY
● A TYPICAL WORKERS SPENDS 40 HRS A WEEK IN AN OFFICE.
● SPENDS MORE TIME WITH THEIR WORK COLLEAGUES THAN FAMILY.
● THEIR RELATIONSHIP MUST BE HEALTHY AND SUPPORTIVE THAT MAKES WORK MORE PRODUCTIVE
AND MAKES LONG TERM BENIFICAL ON THE COMPANY.
● HOW TO ENCOURAGE SOCIAL INTERACTION
➢ TO ARRANGE WORKSTATIONS.
➢ OPEN PLAN OFFICE BECAME MORE POPULAR IN 1960s
➢ HIGH WALLS TENDS TO HAVE NEGATIVE INFLUENCE ON THE EMPLOYEE.
➢ THEY INCREASES ISOLATION SO BETTER AVOIDED
https://www.servicefutures.com/the-importance-of-social-relationships-at-work
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0013916507307459

6. OFFICE PLANNING GUIDELINES
5 GUIDELINES THAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED
1. MAP OUT AMENITIES AND SHARED SPACE
➢ AS PER NEED AND REQUIREMENTS OF
➔NO. OF RESTROOMS.
➔NO. OF CONFERENCE ROOM (1 OR 2).
➔LARGE OR SMALL KITCHEN ( BREAK ROOM).
➔WORKOUT ROOM OR RELAXATION ROOM.
2. TO GROW WORKFLOW IN THE FUTURE.
➢ USE OF MODULAR WALLS FOR THE ULTIMATE FLEXIBILITY IN OFFICE DESIGN.
➢ ADJUSTABLE AND ADAPTABLE WALLS AND PARTITIONS RATHER THAN STATIONARY WALLS.
3. CONSIDER HOW MUCH SPACE TO ALLOCATE PER EMPLOYEE
➢ 1st INCLINATION IS TO DIVIDE SQUARE FOOTAGE BY NUMBER OF EMPLOYEE.
➢ 2nd SHOULD BE LIKE RESTROOM, BREAKROOM, CONFERENCE ROOM, RECEPTION, EMERGENCY EXIT. ETC
➢ OTHER SPACES LIKE SPACES FOR FILING CABINETS, SPECIAL EQUIPMENTS, WHITEBOARDS.
➢ SPACE FOR LAPTOP, MONITOR, PHONE AND LITTLE ELSE.

7. 5 GUIDELINES THAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERED
4. IDENTIFY WHICH EMPLOYEE NEEDS A PRIVATE WORKSPACE.
➢ SOME EMPLOYEES NEEDS PRIVACY ( WALLS AND DOORS) TO EFFICTIVELY TO DO THEIR WORKS.
➢ EMPLOYEE WHO DEALS WITH SENSITIVE PERSONAL INFORMATION.
➔CUSTOMER FINANCES, LEGAL ISSUES AND MEDICAL RECORDS ETC
5. WHAT MAKES SENSE FROM A WORKFLOW PERSPECTIVE.
➢ SOME GROUPS OF EMPLOYEES COLLABORATE THEIR IDEAS WITH EACH OTHER TO SOLVE PROBLEMS.
➢ CERTAIN SPACE NEEDED FOR THOSE COLLABORATING SPACE.
https://www.officespacesoftware.com/blog/5-tips-for-designing-office-layout/

8. COMPONENTS OF CORPORATE OFFICES
1. RECEPTION AREA
2. WAITING ROOM
3. MEETING ROOM
4. SEMINAR HALL
5. OFFICE ROOM
6. INFORMATION ROOM
7. SECURITY ROOM/CONTROL ROOM/CCTV ROOM
8. GUEST ROOM
9. CAFE
10. RECREATIONAL AREA
11. MONEY TRANSITION AREA
12. LIFE INSURANCE SECTION
13. PLAY ZONE
14. OFFICE PLAZA.

9. OFFICE ENTRANCE
1. IMPORTANT CONSIDERATIONS FOR OFFICE ENTRANCE.
➢ MAKE EVERY INCH COUNT.
➔ SHRINKING BUDGET AND INCREASING RENT LED TO SMALLER OFFICES.
➔ SO EVERY INCH COUNT INCLUDING ENTRANCE.
2.FOSTER COLLABORATION
➢ IT IMPROVES WORKFLOW, PRODUCTIVITY AND COMMUNICATION.
3 CREATIVE, WELCOMING OFFICE ENTRANCE IDEAS
1.DITCH THE WALLS
➢TO GIVE CLEAR VIEW TO THE VISITORS
➢BY DITCHING AND TEARING DOWN RECEPTION DESK.
➢USE OF SMOKED GLASS WALLS PARTITION FOR MAINTAINING PRIVACY.
2. MAKE USE OF MULTI-PURPOSES
➢ INSTEAD OF LITTLE WAITING AREA MAKING IT AS GATHERING AREA OF EVERYONE.
➢ COLLABORATIVE WORK SPACE, RECEPTION FOR GUESTS, EVEN HEAD DOWN WORK AREA.
3. GIVE THEM REASON TO STAY A WHILE.
➢ VISITORS SHOULD FEEL AT HOME IN OFFICE.
➢ OFFICE ENTRANCE WITH AMENITIES LIKE COFFEE OR CAPPUCCINO BAR .
➢ GOURMENT SNACKS FOR VISITORS TO ENJOY DURING THEIR STAY.
➢ COMPLIMENTARY WIFI AND MOBILE CHARGING STATIONS.
➢ FLAT SCREEN TV TO SHOWCASE THE BRAND.
https://team-mates.com/open-the-door-to-these-creative-office-entrance-ideas/

10. OFFICE FACADE
➢OFFICE FACADE IS DESIGNED TO MAXIMIZE GLAZING FOR DAYLIGHT AND VIEWS.
➢TO AVOID HEAT LOSS IN WINTER AND HEAT GAIN IN SUMMER.
➢BUILDING ORIENTATION AND THE RATIO OF GLAZING TO SOLAR EXPOSURE AND THERMAL STUDIES TO AVOID OVERHEATING.

11. OFFICE PLAZA
FRONTAL OR CENTRAL OPEN SPACE OF A BUILDING LEFT FOR PARKING, PLANTATION, FOOTPATH,
ROAD, SECURITY,ENTRANCE AND SITTING AREA.
FRONTAL PLAZA
CENTRAL PLAZA

12. PARKING
1.SURFACE PARKING:
➔IT REQUIRES LARGE PAVED AREAS.
➔LOCATED ADJACENT TO THE OFFICE BUILDING.
➔MORE COSTLY AND NEED TO ADD MORE SECURITY.
➔USE OF OFFICE PLAZA.
2.UNDERGROUND PARKING.
➔IT HELPS TO FREE-UP LAND ABOVE GROUND.
➔LOCATE VEHICLE ENTRANCE RAMPS TO AN UNDERGROUND PARKING.
➔Typical parking structures have a floor-to-floor height of 10.5 to 11.5 feet.
https://www.wbdg.org/space-types/parking-surface

13. ATM COUNTERS
➢ ATM ARE SETUP IN HIGH FOOTFALL AREAS LIKE OFFICE COMPLEXES, BIG COMMERCIAL MARKET-PLACE.
➢ THEY DO IT FOR SAKE OF PUBLICITY TO MAKE THEIR BRANDS VISIBLE.
➢ ATM KIOSKS ARE BRIGHTLY LIT WITH ATTRACTIVE INTERIORS
➢ TO SERVICE THEIR CUSTOMERS.

14. CAFETERIA
SPACE ATRIBUTES
● FOOD PRODUCTION AREA
● SERVICE
● DINING
● RECEIVING AND STORAGE
● CIRCULATION SPACE
● SUPPORT AREA(TOILET, WASH BASINS

15. ● SHOULD BE CLAM AND PLEASING IN
APPEARANCE
● ACCESSIBILITY
- PATH OF TRAVEL
- SEATINGS
- TABLES NO HIGHER THAN 34" ABOVE
THE DOOR
- ACCESSIBLE WITH WHEELCHAIR

16. CORPORATE OFFICE AND STRUCTURE
● THERE ARE MANY WAYS OF ARRANGING SPACES IN AN OFFICE ACCORDING TO
FUNCTIONS MANAGERIAL AND CULTURAL OFFICES.
● IT IS GUIDES BY HOW PEOPLE WILL WORK WITHIN THE SAME ROOM.
● OPEN PLAN OFFICE HAVE MULTIPLE WORKER TOGETHER AND IMPROVES SHORT TERM
EFFICIENCY BUT LACKS SECURITY AND PRIVACY & VICE VERSA

17. ● THEY ARE BUILT IN LOCATION COMMERCIALLY VIABLE
● REQUIREMENT FOR CORPORATE OFFICE ARE
- LEGAL
-TECHNICAL(NETWORKING)
-SECURITY AND FLEXIBILITY OF LAYOUT
-PRODUCTIVE WORKPLACE AND ENVIRONMENT
● ALTHOUGH THE OFFICE HAVE VARIOUS
OCCUPANT IN VARIOUS FLOOR UNITS
THE FLOOR LAYOUT ARE GENERALLY SAME
● -IT WILL HAVE RECEPTION AREA, MEETING
ROOM, SINGULAR OR OPEN PLAN OFFICES,
AS WELL AS TOILETS
● BUILDING WILL ALSO HAVE KITCHEN, DINING
AREA AND A STAFF ROOM

18. FACTOR TO BE CONSIDERED
● THERE IS SERIES OF METRIC THAT CAN BE HELP FOR ANALYZING EFFICIENCY OF ANY
OFFICE SPACE
● THESE METRIC ARE NEEDED TO MEASURE THE POTENTIAL SPACE AND LAYOUT. GROSS
DENSITY RATIO
● TYPICALLY IT RANGES 175USF/PERSON FOR A DENSELY PLANNED AND UP TO
325USF/PERSON IN FREQUENT OFFICE CLIENT MEETING.
● ENCLOSED TO OPEN RATIO
- THIS IS THE NUMBER OF STAFFS IN PRIVATE OR ENCLOSED OFFICES COMPARED TO
THOSE SYSTEM FURNITURE OR OPEN CUBICAL
-GENERALLY ENCLOSE OFFICE TAKES UP MORE SPACE ON PER PERSON BASIS, SO THIS
RATIO CAN HAVE DIRECT IMPACT ON TOTAL SPACE REQUIRED

19. ● CONFERENCE ROOM RATIO
-CONFERENCE HALL IS GENERALLY FOR BUSINESS PURPOSE
-THEY CAN BE WINDOWLESS DUE TO SECURITY REASON
-THE RATIO BETWEEN NUMBER OF STAFF SERVED BY CONFERENCE ROOM IS ANOTHER
METRIC FOR SPACE REQUIREMENT
-THE RATIO CAN BE CHANGED FROM CONFERENCE ROOM TO 10 EMPLOYEE IN OPEN
OFFICE TO ONE CONFERENCE PER 20 EMPLOYEE IN PRIVATE OFFICE
● CIRCULATION FACTOR
-CIRCULATION SPACE SHOULD BE ALLOCATED IN ACCORDANCE TO TOTAL SQUARE
FOOTAGE REQUIREMENT
-FOR EXAMPLE THE DIMENSION BETWEEN THE OUTER WALL OF THE BUILDING AND THE
INTERNAL CORE ROOM SHOULD ALLOWED FOR HALLWAYS TO GIVE ACCESS TO ONE OR
MORE ROOMS
-USUALLY IT IS ESTABLISHED IN 25-35% OF ROOM/CUBICLE IN AN OFFICE.

20. BASIC OFFICE FUNCTION
● MANAGEMENT
● FINANCE
● SALES
● GENERAL SERVICE
● TECHNICAL SERVICE
● PRODUCTION

22. SPACES
● PUBLIC SPACES
LOBBY - EASILY ACCESSIBLE TO PUBLIC.
-CONTAINS RECEPTION,LOAN OFFICE.
-LOCATED AT LOWER FLOOR OR SECOND
FLOOR.
-RECOMMENDED ESCALATOR.
OFFICERS PLATFORM
-OPEN SPACES FOR CONTRACT OFFICERS
-CUBICAL FOR COLLECTION OFFICERS.
- A CONFERENCE ROOM
ACCESS TO EMERGENCY EXIT.

23. ● OPERATION SPACES
BOOKKEEPING DEPARTMENT
-CLOSE IN PROXIMITY TO TELLERS.
PROOF DEPARTMENT
- NOT ACCESSIBLE TO PUBLIC
- SEPARATE FROM OTHER AREA BUT
CLOSE TO DATA PROCESSING AREA
DATA PROCESSING AREA
- FIRE PROOF VAULTS
- VAULT HOLDING CAPACITY OF
10- 20 PEOPLE
TRUST DEPARTMENT
- SERVICE TO THE PUBLIC

24. EXECUTIVE SUIT
-OFFICE FOR SENIOR EMPLOYEE.
- A CONFERENCE ROOM AND BOARD OF DIRECTOR MEETING ROOM.
LEGAL DEPARTMENT
-LIBRARY/ CONFERENCE ROOM INCLUDED.
DATA PROCESSING
-CORE OPERATION
- CHEQUING, PAYROLL, OPERATION.
MAIL ROOM
-CONTAINS ADDRESSOGRAPH, DUPLICATING MACHINE.
- LOCATED NEAR SERVICE YARD OR ELEVATOR
-CONJUNCTION WITH PRINTING/PURCHASING DEPARTMENT.

25. ATM
W/C

26. SPACE CHARACTERISTICS OF OFFICE
● CONVENIENCE TO PUBLIC
● FLOW OF WORK
● EQUIPMENT USES
● CENTRALIZED FUNCTION
● CONFIDENTAL AREAS (ISOLATIONS)
● CONFERENCE ROOM (USABILITY)
● SHIPPING DOCK ( MAIL ROOM)
● SERVICE FACILITIES
● ELEVATORS/ LIFTS

27. SPACE ALLOWANCE
OFFICE SPACE
TOP EXECUTIVE - 100-200 SQ FT
JR. EXECUTIVE - 100-200 SQ FT
SUPERVISOR - 80-100 SQ FT
FILE SPACE
STANDARD LETTER FILE - 6 SQ. FT.
STANDARD LEGAL FILE - 7 SQ. FT.
SIDE-OPENING LETTER FILE - 6.5 SQ. FT.
SIDE OPENING LEGAL FILE - 7.5 SQ. FT.

28. SPACE FOR EQUIPMENT
- TABULATING EQUIPMENT
- DUPLICATING EQUIPMENT
- TELEPHONE SWITCHBOARD
SPACE FOR STORES
-VAULTS
-STOCKROOM
-TRANSFER FILE
- SHELVINGS
- JANITOR SUPPLIES
- COAT ROOMS

29. SPACE FOR ROOMS
SQ. FT.
RECEPTION ROOM 400
WAITING ROOM 200
INTERVIEWING ROOM 150
CONFERENCE ROOM 500
EXHIBIT ROOM 100
MEDICAL ROOM 100
LUNCH ROOM 200
EMPLOYEE ROOM
REST ROOM
MAIL ROOM

30. VAULTS
-MADE WITH STEEL REINFORCED CONCRETE
-RELIED ON IMMENSE THICKNESS FOR STRENGTH
-EMERGENCY VAULT VENTILATOR LOCATED
THROUGH A CONVENIENT WALL AREA
EXPOSED INSIDE THE BUILDING.
- 14X14 FT. SQ. VAULT ROOM COSTS ABOUT
$12,000 TO $14,300.

31. HORIZONTAL ESCAPE ROUTE
-MAXIMUM NUMBER OF STEPS= 15 STEPS

32. EMERGENCY EXIT
-1M WIDE PER 150 PEOPLE (MIN 0.8M WIDE) AISLE.
-FOR DEALING WITH AN OUTBREAK OF FIRE ON BUILDING IS TO USE THE POWERFUL UPWARD
DRAUGHT CREATED BY THE CHIMNEY EFFECT OF THE TOWER TO DRAW HEAT AND SMOKE
AWAY FROM THE PEOPLE.
-THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF LIFTS IN ONE ROW FOR A LIFT = 4
-A WALL OF 2H FIRE RATING SHALL SEPARATE INDIVIDUAL SHAFTS.
-COLLAPSIBLE GATES SHALL NOT BE PERMITTED FOR THE LIFTS AND SHALL HAVE SOLID
DOORS WITH FIRE RESISTANCE OF AT LEAST ONE HOUR.
-LIFTS SHAFTS SHALL HAVE A VENT AT THE TOP OF AREA NOT LESS THAN 0.2MTS.

33. ESCAPE ROUTE

34. HORIZONTAL ESCAPE ROUTE

35. ESCALATOR AND LIFT
LENTH OF ESCALATOR ARE NOT
FIXED AND DEPENDS UPON THE
ANGLE (30 DEGREE OR 35 DEGREE)
AND STOREY HEIGHT

36. WIDTH OF ESCALATOR ALONG
WITH NUMBER OF PERSON IT
CAN ACCOMMODATE
A.
B.
C.
FOR OFFICE

37. LIFT DIMENSION ALONG WITH WIGHTS IT CAN CARRY
3D AND SECTION

38. SMALL GOOD LIFTS
DIMENSION OF CAR,DOOR AND SHAFT ALONG WITH
WIGHTS IT CAN CARRY
3D VIEW

39. WORKING,SITTING AND CIRCULATING SPACE

40. HUMAN ANTHROPOMETRY
C.
B.
A.

41. ACCOUNT SPACE, CABINET ANTHROPOMETRY

42. WORKING SPACE AND CIRCULATION DIMENSION

43. PRIVATE OFFICE
● 100-300 SQ.FT.
● ASSIGNED FOR FUNCTIONAL
REASONS
● NATURE OF WORK
● ,VISITOR TRAFFIC,
● PRIVACY, HEIARCHY
TYPES OF OFFICE SPACE

44. SEMI-PRIVATE OFFICE
● 2 OR MORE INDIVIDUAL
● CAN BE ENCLOSED BY
CELING HEIGH, 3 QUARTER
HIGH , BANK TYPE PARTITION
● PRIVACY * COORDINATION

45. OPEN OFFICE
● OPEN SPACE OCCUPIED BY A
NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES,
SUPERVISOR,FURNISHINGS,EQUIP
MENTS AND CIRCULATION AREA
● FLEXIBILITY
● BETTER LIGHT AND VENTILATION
● BETTER WORK FLOW
● REDUCES SPACE REQUIREMENT
● SIMPLIFY SUPERVISION
● ELIMINATE PARTITION COST

46. OFFICE LAYOUT GUIDES
● PUBLIC CONVENIENCE
● WORKFLOW
● EQUIPMENT USED
● CONFIDENTAL AREAS
● CONFERENCE ROOMS
● SERVICE FACILITIES

47. CONFERENCE ROOM
● BUSINESS CONFERENCES AND
MEETINGS
● SHOULD BE BASED ON NEED
ESTABLISHED FROM PAST
RECORDS RATHER THAN ON
ANTICIPATED NEEDS
● LOCATION; CENTRALLY LOCATED
ELIMINATES DISTRACTION AND
NEED FOR WINDOW COVERING
● ADJOINING THE OFFICE OF THE
ONE WHO HOLDS FREQUENTLY
●

48. DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
● COST EFFICIENCY
● FUNCTIONAL/ OPERATIONAL
● FLEXIBILITY
● TECHNOLOGICAL CONNECTIVITY
● WORKERS SATISFACTION HEALTH AND COMFORT
● SAFETY/SECURITY
● URBAN PLANNING
● SUSTQINABLE

49. BUILDING SERVICES
1. ARTIFICIAL LIGHT
- NEUFERT
..
NAME OF
LAMP
FIGURE ROOM WITH REQUIRED
LIGHT
P
O
S
I
T
I
O
N
O
F
L
I
G
H
T
A
B

50. POSITION OF LIGHT WHILE
PRESENTATION
POSITION OF LIGHT GIVEN TO
SPOTLIGHT A PERSON
C
D

51. BUILDING SERVICE
BOTH FIGURES DEALS THE DESIGN
APPROACH TOWARD MAXIMUM USE OF
DAYLIGHT WITHIN A BUILDING AND ALSO
RESISTING HARMFUL UV RAYS
2. DAY LIGHT
B. SHELL AND MEMBRANE
A. OUTLOOK, LIGHT DISPERSION, GLARE PROTECTION

52. BUILDING SERVICE
3. WINDOW
D. FILE ROOM
WINDOW AREA WHICH TRANSMIT LIGHT
MUST BE AT LEAST 1/20 SURFACE AREA OF
FLOOR
B.
C. OFFICE ROOM
A.

53. BUILDING SERVICE
4. VENTILATION
THE MECHANICAL SYSTEM USED TO
CIRCULATE AND REPLACE AIR (FROM
CARBONDIOXIDE TO OXYGEN)

54. SYSTEM OF CENTRALIZED VENTILATION
USED IN A BUILDING
A CUSION OF WARM AIR AT CEILING (32
DEGREE) AND COOL AIR AT FLOOR AND
WALL (20 DEGREE) CAUSING AIR
MOVEMENT

55. BUILDING SERVICE
5. HVAC AN AIR CONDITIONING CONVECTOR UNIT (WITH SPECIAL AIR OUTLET JETS AND A HEAT
EXCHANGER) INSTALLED UNDER EVERY WINDOW IS SUPPLIED WITH CONDITIONED AIR AND
COOLED OR HEATED WATER
HVAC REQUIRE ONLY APPROX. ⅓ OF USUAL
AIR QUANTITIES AND USES EXTERNAL AIR FOR
VENTILATION

56. HVAC MECHANISM
..
SPACE REQUIREMENT

57. BUILDING SERVICE
6. WATER SUPPLY
AS PER IS 1192:1993
● INDUSTRIAL / COMMERCIAL 70LPCD
AS PER IS 1172 :1993
● OFFICE 45LPCD (FULL FACILITY)
AND 30LPCD (RESTRICTED)
LPCD = LITRE PER CAPITA PER DAY
DN = NOMINAL BORE

58. BUILDING SERVICE
7. RECREATIONAL SPACE
RECREATION = ANY ACTIVITY SUCH AS
PLAY, THAT AMUSES, DIVERTS OR
STIMULATES
A.
USE OF CANOPY CAN BE DONE FOR OUTSIDE
SITTING SPACE ALONG WITH COLLEAGUE FOR
FURTHERMORE DISCUSSION OF WORK IN LIGHTER
MOOD AND SURROUNDING
B.
GREEN SPACES STIMULATING THE WORK ENVIRONMENT

59. BUILDING SERVICE
7. RECREATIONAL SPACE
C.
SMALL OFFICE KITCHEN
DIMENSION
- TIME SAVER STANDARD

60. TERRACE GARDENING
BUILDING SERVICE
7. RECREATIONAL SPACE
D.
FEATURE
● SOUND INSULATION
● HEAT STORAGE
● AIR IMPROVEMENT
II
I I
I I I

61. BUILDING SERVICE
SERVICE CONNECTION
● MUST BE EASILY ACCESSIBLE OR REACHED
DIRECTLY FROM OUTSIDE
● FIRE RESISTANT WALL WITH VENTILATION
● DOOR SHOULD BE AT LEAST 650 - 1950 MM
● ROOM TEMPERATURE MUST NOT EXCEED 30
DEGREE
● WATER TEMPERATURE MUST NOT EXCEED
25 DEGREE
ROOM FEATURES:

62. ELECTRICAL SERVICES
LIGHT AND VENTILATION SYSTEM
- AS PER EQUIPMENTS 3 PHASE 230V SUPPLY
- FIRE LIGHTING : SINGLE PHASE 230V
- EXTRA LOW VOLTAGE FOR BUZZER CALL
POINT, CONTROL PANEL 48V DC SUPPLY
- HVAC : AS PER REQUIREMENT 3 PHASE 400V SUPPLY

63. SANITATION
● SHOULD BE LOCATED IN
CONVINENT AREA(NOT TOO FAR
FROM WORKSPACE)
● SEPARATE FACILITIES FOR MEN
AND WOMEN
● WELL VENTILATED AND LIT
● TOILET CUBICLES, URINALS,
BASINS,(SHOWER AND CHANGING
ROOM IF NECESSARY)

64. - NEUFERT

65. SECURITY ROOM
➢ TO PROTECT FROM VANDALISM, THEFT, AND
➢ PERSONAL ATTACK AND FROM CORPORATE SABOTAGE.
● TYPES OF SECURITY
➔ALARM SYSTEM
➔SECURITY GUARDS
➔CCTV CAMERAS
➔CLOSED CIRCUITS SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM
➔ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEM.
https://www.inc.com/encyclopedia/office-security.html

66. BUILDING MATERIAL AND TECHNOLOGY
● MATERIAL SHOULD BE SELECTED TO
MAINTAIN ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT WHILE
PROVIDING A HIGH TECH APPEARANCE
● STEEL AND GLASS ARE PREFERABLE DUE
TO ITS LIGHT WEIGHT, FINISHING AND LOW
ENERGY USED IN MANUFACTURE
TRANSPORTATION AND ASSEMBLING
● MATERIALS SHOULD BE SELECTED TO
MAXIMIZE THE LIFE AND TO MINIMIZE
ENERGY CONSUMED
● DEMOUNTABLE, LIGHTWEIGHT PARTITION
MATERIAL

67. CONSIDERATIONS FOR HANDICAPPED PEOPLE
● AT LEAST 4FT. WIDE ENTRANCE
● NO THRESHOLD IN DOORS
● AVOID REVOLVING DOORS
● RAMP SHOULD NOT EXCEED 1:12
SLOPE
● HAND RAILS MUST BE PROVIDED
IF RAMP SLOPE >5%
● 183/183 LANDING BEFORE AND
AFTER RAMPS

69. BY LAWS
● OCCUPANCY LAND : MAXM FAR- 9 SQ. M
● EGRESS :
-MAXIMUM DISTANCE TO EXISTS OR STAIRWAYS WITH SINGLE FLOOR-30M OR 40 M
FOR EXTERNAL CORRIDOR
-WIDTH OF DOORWAYS- 1M WIDTH, 500 MM/ OCCUPANT
- WIDTH OF CORRIDOR - 1.25M WIDTH
- STAIRCASE DESIGN
- MAXIMUM TREAD: 279MM
- MAXIMUM RISER : 175 MM
- MAXIMUM NO OF RISER: 15
- HEIGHT OF HANDRAIL FROM CENTRE : 900MM

70. ● MAXIMUM HEIGHT:
-3.2 M FOR HILLS & MOUNTAINS
-3.6 FOR TERAI
● LIGHT
-1/10TH OF THE ROOM FOR HILLY
-1/8TH FOR OTHER REGION
● VENTILATIONS
- 1/16TH OF ⅛ TH OF THE ROOM
- (0.6*1.5), (1.32*1.5), 2.5 OF FAR
● BASEMENT
- LOWER STORY BELOW THE AVERAGE GROUND LEVEL UPTO 1.2 M OR ANY FLOOR
ABOVE
- 1.2 M BELOW SHALL BE CONSIDERED AS SEMI-BASEMENT
- MINIMUM HEIGHT 2.4M
- SHOULD BE WATER TIGHT

71. CITIZEN INVESTMENT TRUST
● INCORPORATED IN 18th MARCH 1991(4th CHAITRA 2047 BS)
● A SATUTORY INSTITUTE UNDER ACT 2047
● SEMI GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATION
● ACTIVITIES IN CAPITAL MARKET EXPLORING NEW OPPORTUNITIES OF AN
ULTIMATE SAVING, INVESTMENT,MERCHANT BANKING AND MARKET
MAKING
MAJOR FUNCTIONS
1. SAVING MOBILIZATION
RETIREMENT SCHEMES
FUND SCHEME TO INVESTORS

72. ● PARKING
-INDOOR PARKING
FOR EACH BIKE NOT LESS THAN 1.25 SQ M , HEIGHT NOT LESS THAN 2.2 M
-COMMON PARKING
NOT LESS THAN 2.5 M*4.5 M FOR EACH CAR
● SAFETY REQUIREMENT
- STAIRCASE OF THE BASEMENT NO LESS THAN 2H
- EXIT SHOULD BE MORE THAN 30 M
-RAMPS CAN BE CONSIDERED AS MEANS OF ACCESS
● SANITARY FACILITIES
- SHOULD HAVE AT LEAST ONE WATER CLOSET FOR THE DIFFERENTLY ABLED PEOPLE.
900MM WIDTH
1600MM DEEP
SHALL HAVE COMMODE
SHALL HAVE DOOR WITH MINIMUM CLEAR OPENING OF 800M

73. ● RAMP
-MINIMUM GRADIENT (1:8) 7 DEGREE FOR DIFFERENT
IN HEIGHT NOT MORE THAN 450 MM
-1:8 / 5-DEGREE FOR DIFFERENT IN HEIGHT
NOT MORE THAN 450 MM
-SHOULD HAVE NON SLIPPERY SURFACE
● OPENINGS
-NORMAL 800MM
-MAIN OPENING 900MM
-

74. 2.INVSTMENT/FINANCING
INVEST IN COOPERATE SHARES
PROVIDE TERM LOANS AND BRIDGE FINANCE
PROVIDE CREDIT FOR PURSHASING SHARES
3. CAPITAL MARKET SERVICE
TEUSTEE SERVICES
COOPERATE FINANCE SERVICE

75. ABOUT
- NO. OF PARTICIPANTS : 48365 PARTICIPATION
ORGANIZATION
- INDIVIDUAL : 675420
-FUND : NRP 1.10 TRILLION
-THE ONLY INSTITUTE WITH LARGEST NUMBER OF
PARTICIPANTS
AS A TRUSTEE ORGANIZATION OF NEPAL
-FROM ED OF CIT

76. OBJECTIVE
● TO PROVIDE EFFECTIVE SERVICE TO THE PUBLIC
● TO STRENGTH THE FINANCIAL POSITION OF CIT
● MOBILIZING THE FUND FOR ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF COUNTRY THROUGH
INVESTMENT

77. SERVICES OF CIT
● RETIREMENT FUND
● GRATUITY AND PENSION
● CIVIL SERVICE INSURANCE
● TEACHERS INSURANCE
● INVESTORS ACCOUNT
● NEPAL ARMY INSURANCE
● CITIZEN UNIT SCHEME
● NEPAL POLICE INSURANCE
● NID INSURANCE
● ARMED POLICE INSURANCE
● CSIDC INSURANCE
● NARC INSURANCE
● CAPITAL MARKET SERVICE

78. EMPLOYEES
● ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
● ADMINISTRATIVE COORDINATOR
● SECRETARY
● RECEPTIONIST
● ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGER
● ADMINISTRATIVE DIRECTOR
● ADMINISTRATIVE SPECIALIST
● EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT
● PROGRAMME COORDINATOR
● CLIENT RELATION MANAGER
● MAIL CLERK
● OFFICE MANAGER
● BILL COLLECTOR
● RISK MANAGER
● PROGRAMME MANAGER
● FILE CLERK
● PROGRAMME ADMINISTRATOR
● ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICER
● STAFF ASSISTANT
● ACCOUNTANT
● AUDITOR
● BUDGT ANALYST
● BOOK KEEPER
● CONTROLLER
● PAYROLL MANAGER
● FINANCIAL PLANNER
● ACCOUNTING DIRECTOR
● INVESTMENT BANKING ANALYST
● JUNIOR TAX ANALYST
● CREDIT ANALYST
Source.ma www.npgov.com

79. CONCLUSION
● THROUGH THE STUDY OF MATERIAL AND TECHNOLOGY AVAILABLE AND A THROUGH
RESEARCH THE FUNCTION TO BE INSTALLED IN AN OFFICE WAS DETERMINED
● THE MAJOR SUBJECT BEING
-CONCEPT OF CORPORATE OFFICE PLANNING
-CONCEPT OF OPEN PLAN
-DESIGN ASPECT
- PROBABLE STRUCTURAL SCHEME
-BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
-ENERGY EFFICIENCY

80. REFERENCES
https://smallbusiness.chron.com/differences-between-corporate-office-registered-office-39740.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Oil#/media/File:Standard_Oil.jpg
WBDG- WHOLE BUILDING DESIGN GUIDE
https://www.livemint.com/Money/VrAho23Ko0yiVRDEYDzNaP/The-science-behind-banks-ATM-location-strategy.html
https://team-mates.com/open-the-door-to-these-creative-office-entrance-ideas/
https://www.houstoninstallation.com/blog/5-office-space-planning-guidelines
https://www.servicefutures.com/the-importance-of-social-relationships-at-work