Founder of Optics in Physics. Ibn Al - Haytham, Abu - Optics

1. AYOUB FAHAD ALMOHGAMSI
Ibn al-Haytham (354-430) Hijri, (965-1030) AD

2. Ibn al-Haytham (354-430) Hijri,
(965-1030) AD
• He is the father of Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham, Ptolemy of the Arabs, the Arab
world who pioneered Newton's theory of light and interpreted the appearance of the rainbow, eclipses and
eclipses, born in Basra in AH 354, 965 AD.
• An Arab Muslim scholar who has made significant contributions to mathematics, optics, physics,
astronomy, engineering, ophthalmology, philosophy, visual perception and science in general, using his
scientific methods. He has many scientific works and discoveries confirmed by modern science.
• Ibn al-Haitham corrected some of the prevailing concepts at the time, based on the theories of Aristotle,
Ptolemy and Euclid. Ibn al-Haytham proved that light comes from objects to the eye, not the reverse, as
was believed at that time. Al Ain has a complete anatomy and explained the functions of its members. It
was the first to study the effects and psychological factors of vision. His comparative book also included a
fourth-order equation on the reflection of light on spherical mirrors, still known as the "Ibn al-Haytham
question".
• Ibn al-Haytham is considered the first founder of the science of archeology and one of
the pioneers of the scientific method. He is also one of the first experimental physicists
who dealt with the results of observations and experiments only in an attempt to explain
them mathematically without resorting to other experiments.

3. Ibn al-Haytham (354-430) Hijri,
(965-1030) AD
• Ibn al-Haytham said: "If I were in Egypt, I would have done a job that would benefit in every case from
increasing and decreasing." This came to the Fatimid Caliph al-Hakim, who ordered him to Egypt to
organize the Nile floods, and provided him with what he wanted to do. It was then necessary to build a dam
at the current site of the Aswan Dam, and after losing the site realized the futility of this project to the
weakness of the available resources at the time, and fear of anger Caliph, claimed madness, was held in
his home from 401 AH / 1011 until the death of the Governor in 411 / 1021 m. During this period, he wrote
his book The Months.
• Ibn al-Haytham was known for his country in Basra, and was known in the West as al-Hazeen, nicknamed
Tulmius Secundus and medieval physicist Tulmius Secundus. Reisner is the first to be called "Grief," after
he was known as "Hassan", the earliest name of the Arabic pronunciation. This work received a great
reputation during the Middle Ages. In 1834, the works of Ibn Haitham were discovered in engineering
subjects at the French National Library in Paris. Other manuscripts are found in the Bodlein Library in
Oxford and the Leiden Library.
• Ibn al-Haytham had great contributions in the field of optics, physics and scientific experiments. His
contributions to physics and optics in particular were appreciated and the basis for the beginning of a
new era in theoretical and practical optics research.

4. Ibn al-Haytham (354-430) Hijri,
(965-1030) AD
• His research in optics focused on the study of optical systems using mirrors, especially
on spherical mirrors, spherical and spherical glands. He also proved that the ratio
between the angle of fall and refraction angle is not equal.
• In the Islamic world, Ibn Rushd was influenced by Ibn al-Haytham's work in optics.
Kamal al-Din al-Farsi, who died in 1320, developed the works of Ibn al-Haytham in
optics, The Persian and Theodoric of Frayberg also interpreted the rainbow
phenomenon in the 14th century, based on the book of the views of Ibn al-Haitham. The
encyclopedic world Taqi al-Din al-Shami adopted the works of Ibn al-Haytham and al-
Farsi.
An inscription of the eye by Kamal al-Din al-Farsi in the
thirteenth century based on the ideas of Ibn al-Haytham. The
text at the top of the manuscript indicates the function of the
brain in interpreting the image on the retina.

5. Ibn al-Haytham (354-430) Hijri,
(965-1030) AD
• Ibn al-Haytham's most famous works are his seven-volume book on the corresponding optics, written
between 401 AH / 1011 AD / 411 AH / 1021 CE. The book was translated into Latin by an unknown cleric
at the end of the twelfth century or the beginning of the thirteenth century AD. This translation had a great
impact on Western science, [42] as published by the scientist Friedrich Reisner in 1572 under the title
"The Optical Treasure: The Seven Books of Arab Baldness, Volume I, The Rise of Clouds and Twilight" (in
Latin: Opticae thesaurus: Alhazeni Arabis libri Septem, nuncrimum editi; Eiusdem liber De Crepusculis et
nubium ascensionibus). The impact of this book on the works of Roger Bacon, cited in his name, and the
works of Johannes Kepler, has also contributed to the great evolution of the experimental approach.
The cover of the Latin version of Ibn al-
Haytham's corresponding book, which shows
how Archimedes burnt the Roman ships when
attacking Saracossa using concave mirrors.

6. Ibn al-Haytham (354-430) Hijri,
(965-1030) AD
.‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎظر‬ ‫ﻛﺗﺎب‬ •
.‫واﻟﺗرﻛﯾب‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﺣﻛﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﯾزان‬ •
.‫اﻟﻣﺟﺳطﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺻوﯾﺑﺎت‬ •
.‫اﻟﻣﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫ﻟﻠﻘطب‬ ‫اﻟدﻗﯾق‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾد‬ •
.‫اﻟﺷﻔق‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫رﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﻘﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﺗﺟﺎه‬ ‫ﺣﺳﺎب‬ ‫ﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻷﻓﻘﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣزوﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫ﺑطﻠﯾﻣوس‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺷﻛوك‬ •
.‫ﻗرﺳطون‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎرﯾط‬ ‫إﻛﻣﺎل‬ •
.‫اﻟﻛواﻛب‬ ‫رؤﯾﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟداﺋرة‬ ‫ﺗرﺑﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﻓﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﮭﻧدﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎﺋل‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻠﯾل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺗﺎب‬ •
.‫ﺑﺎﻟدواﺋر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣرﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣراﯾﺎ‬ •
.‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟم‬ ‫ﺗﻛوﯾن‬ •
‫اﻟﮑﺳوف‬ ‫ﺻورة‬ ‫ﻓﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﻧﺟوم‬ ‫ﺿوء‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﻘﻣر‬ ‫ﺿوء‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﺗﺑﺎﻧﺔ‬ ‫درب‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻹظﻼل‬ ‫ﻛﯾﻔﯾﺎت‬ •
.‫ﻗزح‬ ‫ﻗوس‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌرﺟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣرﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺷﻛوك‬ •
‫اﻟﻐﻠط‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻟرﺻد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺑﯾﮫ‬ •
.‫اﻟﻛواﻛب‬ ‫ارﺗﻔﺎﻋﺎت‬ •
.‫اﻟﻘﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﺗﺟﺎه‬ •
.‫اﻟﺳﺑﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻛواﻛب‬ ‫ﺣرﻛﺎت‬ ‫ﻧﻣﺎذج‬ •
.‫اﻟﻛون‬ ‫ﻧﻣوذج‬ •
.‫اﻟﻘﻣر‬ ‫ﺣرﻛﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﮭﻼﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺷﮑﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﯽ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗﻘﺻﺎة‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌرﺟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣرﻛﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﺿوء‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫رﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﻣﻛﺎن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫رﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﺣﯾواﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻧﻔوس‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣوﺳﯾﻘﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻠﺣون‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺛﯾر‬ •
.‫اﻟﻘﻣر‬ ‫ﻣﻧظر‬ ‫اﺧﺗﻼف‬ •
.‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫أﺻول‬ •
.‫اﻟﻣﺛﻠﺛﺎت‬ ‫أﻋﻣدة‬ •
.‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘطوع‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣرﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣراﯾﺎ‬ •
.‫إﻗﻠﯾدس‬ ‫أﺻول‬ ‫ﺷرح‬ •
.‫اﻟﻣﮑﺎﻓﯽ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺟم‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﯽ‬ ‫رﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ •
.‫اﻟﻌﻣود‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺛﻠث‬ ‫ﺧواص‬ •
.‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻣﻼت‬ ‫ﺣﺳﺎب‬ ‫ﻓﯽ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻐرﯾب‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌروف‬ ‫اﻟﻘول‬ •
.‫اﻟﮑرة‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﯽ‬ ‫ﻗول‬ •
.‫اﻟﺣﺳﺎب‬ ‫أﺻول‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬ •
His works (in Arabic) :-

7. Ibn al-Haytham (354-430) Hijri,
(965-1030) AD
• Ibn al-Haytham died in the city of Cairo in Egypt in 1038 AD at the age of 73 years.
• At the name of his name, he named one of the volcanic cavities on the moon, and on
February 7, 1999, he named one of the newly discovered asteroids, "59239 Alhazen". In
Pakistan, Ibn al-Haytham was honored for his name on the Ophthalmology Chair at the
University of Aga Khan. In Iraq, its image on the Iraqi dinar has been set at 10 dinars
since the 1980s and then 10,000 dinars in 2003.

8. References:
Ibn al-Haytham(Wikipedia).
‫الورد‬ ‫أمين‬ ‫لباقر‬ ،‫العرب‬ ‫العلماء‬ ‫معجم‬
‫فروخ‬ ‫لعمر‬ ،‫العرب‬ ‫عند‬ ‫العلوم‬ ‫تاريخ‬
Twitter: iAyoubFahad
Email: Ayoub.Fahad@gmail.com
Completed by:
Ayoub Fahad Almoghamsi

9. DONE