This document summarizes information about dandruff, including its signs, symptoms, causes, and treatment. Dandruff is a common scalp condition involving flaking of the skin and sometimes mild itchiness. It is caused by a number of genetic and environmental factors that involve microorganisms like Malassezia fungi and bacteria living on the scalp. Treatment options include natural remedies like tea tree oil and coconut oil as well as chemical treatments containing ingredients like salicylic acid, coal tar, zinc pyrithione, and ketoconazole in anti-dandruff shampoos and formulations.

1. PRESENTED BY:-
AYESHA SHAIKH

2. Presentation
Overview
THINGS WE'LL COVER
• what is dandruff
• Signs and symptoms
• Causes
• Microorganisms
• Seborrhoeic dermatitis
• Mechanism
• Treatment
• Epidemiology
• References

4. • Dandruff is a skin condition that
mainly affects the scalp.
• Symptoms include flaking and sometimes
mild itchiness.
• A more severe form of the condition,
which includes inflammation of the
skin, is known as seborrhoeic
dermatitis.
• The cause is unclear, but believed to
involve a number of genetic and
environmental factors.
• The condition may worsen in the winter
• It is not due to poor hygiene
• The underlying mechanism involves the

7. Microorganism
Propionibacterium and Staphylococcus
are more important to dandruff formation than
fungi
Older literature cites the fungus Malassezia furfur (previously known
as Pityrosporum ovale) as the cause of dandruff. While this species
does occur naturally on the skin surface of people both with and
without dandruff

8. • In seborrhoeic dermatitis, redness and itching frequently occur
around the folds of the nose and eyebrow areas, not just the scalp.
Dry, thick, well-defined lesions consisting of large, silvery scales
may be traced to the less common condition of scalp psoriasis.
Inflammation can be characterized by redness, heat, pain,
swelling and can cause sensitivity
• Inflammation and extension of scaling outside the scalp exclude
the diagnosis of dandruff from seborrhoeic dermatitis. However,
many reports suggest a clear link between the two clinical entities
- the mildest form of the clinical presentation of seborrhoeic
dermatitis as dandruff, where the inflammation is minimal and
remain subclinical
• Seasonal changes, stress, and immunosuppression seem
to affect seborrheic dermatitis.
SEBORRHOEIC DERMATITIS

9. Mechanism
Dandruff scale is a cluster of corneocytes, which have retained a large degree of cohesion with one another and
detach as such from the surface of the stratum corneum. A corneocyte is a protein complex that is made of tiny
threads of keratin in an organised matrix. The size and abundance of scales are heterogeneous from one site to
another and over time. Parakeratotic cells often make up part of dandruff. Their numbers are related to the severity
of the clinical manifestations, which may also be influenced by seborrhea

10. NATURAL
CHEMICAL
TREATMENT

11. tea tree oil has
been used to treat
ailments ranging
from acne to
psoriasis.
Tea Tree Oil
Natural
Coconut oil may help
improve skin hydration
and prevent dryness,
which can worsen
dandruff.
Coconut Oil
aloe vera is believed to
help treat skin conditions
like burns, psoriasis and
cold sores
Aloe Vera
Salicylic acid works by
helping get rid of scaly
skin and loosening flakes so
that they can be removed
Aspirin
Minimize Stress
Levels

12. CHEMICAL
ANTI-DANDRUFF
Salicylic Acid Coal Tar
Zinc Pyrithione Ketoconazol
e
ROASTED RED &
GOLD BEET SALAD
topped with pine nuts and frisée,
with warm vinaigrette dressing
MAIN INGRIDEINT
t

13. ANTI - DANDRUFF
Formulation
of ARCOLANE
composition
Ketoconazole IP 2% w/v
Zinc pyrithione (ZPTO) 1% w/v
shampoo base Q.S

14. For dandruff and
Seborrhoeic
dermatitis of
scalp. Wet hair
and scap and
apply
Direction for use
Massage for
one minute
and rinse with
warm water
Rinse with
warm water
and dry hair
Use twice a
week for four
weeks
followed by
once weekly
as
maintenance
theraphy

15. • Keep out of the eyes .
• If contact occur ,rinse throughly
with water .
• Discontinue if signs of irritation
or inflamation develop
CAUTION

16. Storage
Store at a temperature not
exceeding 25 C
Protect from light
Keep out of reach of
children

17. Marketed
preparation

18. REFRENCES
WIKIPEDIA
mediworld.life healtlinefy.co.in