2. A skin condition that occurs when hair follicles
plug with oil and dead skin cells.
3.
4. TYPES
• Three main types are there
– Acne vulgaris
– Acne rosacea
– Acne conglobata
5. Acne vulgaris
• Acne vulgaris is a common chronic skin
disease involving blockage and/or
inflammation of pilosebaceous units (hair
follicles and their accompanying sebaceous
gland).
6. • It is most common type among all skin
disorder, it is more common in adolescents
and young to middle age.
7. RISK FACTORS
• Change in hormone during puberty and
menstruation
• Family history of acne
• Psychological factors like stress
• Infection by anaerobic bacteria
• High glucose foods
8. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Etiology or risk factors
Sebaceous gland will be get stimulated
Secrete sebum which flows out on to skin surface
Occlusion of pilosabaceous duct got plugged
Comedones formation
9. CLINICAL FEATURES
• Lesions will be present on face, neck, back and
chest
• Presence of comedones
• Erythamatous pustules, cyst and pigmentation
10. Acne Rosacea
• It is a chronic, inflammatory skin erruption
occur more often in middle and older adults.
• It is characterized by erythema, macules and
pustules.
• More commonly occurs in face, specially in
nose
• Patient may have burning and itching.
11.
12. RISK FACTORS
• Food items such as tea, caffines and alcohol
• Exposure to sun light
• Exposure to extreme cold
• Emotional stress
13. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
• Erythema will be present over the cheek and
nose.
• Fascial flushing
• Redness
• Burning sensation
• Red bumps
• Small cyst
14. Acne Conglobata
• It is very uncommon type and seen in
adulthood.
• It is characterized by interconnecting abscess
and irregular scars
15.
16. CLINICAL FEATURES
• There will be the presence of macules,
pustules or nodules.
• Cysts and scars will be formed in back,
buttocks and chest.
• Purulent discharge will be present with fowl
smell
17. DIAGNOSIS
• Diagnosis is based on the location and
appearance of the lesion.
• Culture studies should be performed to find
out any growth of bacteria or viruses.
18. MANAGEMENT
• Diet therapy
high glucose diet and triggering foods
should be avoided.
• Drug therapy
– Anti acne medicines
• This drugs are used to reduce the secretions of
sebaceous gland
• Eg: tretinoin
isotretinoin
19. – Antibiotics
• The common drugs used for the treatment of acne
disorder
Eg: erythromycin
tetracyclin
clindamycin
20. • Chemical peel.
This procedure uses repeated
applications of a chemical solution, such as
salicylic acid.
• Extraction of whiteheads and blackheads.
The dermatologist uses special tools
to gently remove whiteheads and blackheads
(comedos) that haven't cleared up with topical
medications.
22. Lifestyle and home remedies
• Wash problem areas with a gentle cleanser.
Twice a day, use your hands to wash
your face with a mild soap and warm water. If
you tend to develop acne around your hairline,
shampoo your hair every day.
23. • Avoid irritants.
You may want to avoid oily or greasy
cosmetics, sunscreens, hairstyling products or
acne concealers.
Use products labeled water-based or
noncomedogenic, which means they are less
likely to cause acne.
24. • Watch what touches your skin.
Keep your hair clean and off
your face. Also avoid resting your hands or
objects, such as telephone receivers, on your
face.
25. • Don't pick or squeeze blemishes.
Doing so can cause infection or
scarring.
26. Prevention
• Wash acne-prone areas only twice a day.
` Washing removes excess oil and
dead skin cells. But too much washing can
irritate the skin. Wash affected areas with a
gentle cleanser and use oil-free, water-based
skin care products.
27. • Use nonoily makeup.
Choose oil-free cosmetics that won't
clog pores (noncomedogenics).
• Remove makeup before going to bed.
Going to sleep with cosmetics on
your skin can clog your pores. Also, it's a good
idea to throw out old makeup and regularly
clean your cosmetic brushes and applicators
with soapy water.
28. • Shower after strenuous activities.
Oil and sweat on your skin can
lead to breakouts.
• Avoid touching or picking at the problem
areas.
Doing so can trigger more acne.
