Networks Typologies In Details. All Types And Feature, Advantages, Disadvantages.

1. Computer Science.
NETWORK TOPOLOGY.
AWAIS BAKSHY

2. Network’s Topology.
 Networks.
 Network Topology.
 Simplest networks.
 Multiple Networks.
 Bus Topology.
 Ring Topology.
 Mesh Topology.
 Star Topology.
 Hub.
 Switch.
 Router.

3. What is a Network.
 A Networks Is a Collection Of Computers and
devices interconnected to facilitate
Communications among users and allows users
to share resources.
 Like.
1. Communications such as email, instant
messaging, chat rooms, etc.
2. Shared hardware such as printers and input
devices.
3. Shared data and information through the use of
shared storage devices.
4. Shared software, which is achieved by running
applications on remote computers.

4. What is Network Topology.
 A network topology is the arrangement of a
network, including its nodes and connecting
lines.
 There are two types of network topologies.
1. Physical Topology. Physical topology emphasizes
the physical layout of the connected devices and
nodes.
2. Logical or Signal topology. the logical topology
focuses on the pattern of data transfer between
network nodes.

5. What is Simplest Network.
 In simplest network the connection between
client and server. They share files in form of
packets and these packets we see in form of
percentage at the time of coping files of
downloading. If the connection is disconnected
then there is no more sharing. how client Knows
that the server is connected or not. Client sends
hand shake massage to server that you are
connect or not. If it connected then sharing
starts.

6. What is Multiple Network.
 In Multiple Network the connection between
clients and servers. How they know that file
share to which client or severer . In multiple
connection these devices have sensors and ip
address . Through these they known.
 If they disconnected there is no more sharing.

7. Bus Topology
 Bus topology is a network type in which every
computer and network device is connected to
single cable. When it has exactly two endpoints,
then it is called Linear Bus topology.
 Feature Of Bus Topology.
1. It transmit data only in one direction.
2. Every device is connected to a single cable.

8. Bus Topology
 Advantages of Bus topology.
1. It is cost effective.
2. Cable required is least compared to other network topology.
3. Used in small networks.
4. It is easy to understand.
5. Easy to expand joining two cables together.
 Disadvantage of bus topology.
1. Cables fails then whole network fails.
2. If network traffic is heavy or nodes are more the performance of the network decreases.
3. Cable has a limited length.
4. It is slower than the ring topology.
5. Leak privacy.

9. Ring Topology
 A ring topology is a network configuration in which
device connections create a circular data path. Each
networked device is connected to two others, like
points on a circle. Together, devices in a ring topology
are referred to as a ring network.
 Features of Ring Topology.
 A number of repeaters are used for Ring topology
with large number of nodes, because if someone
wants to send some data to the last node in the ring
topology with 100 nodes, then the data will have to
pass through 99 nodes to reach the 100th node.
Hence to prevent data loss repeaters are used in the
network.

10. Ring Topology
1. The transmission is unidirectional, but it can be made bidirectional by having 2 connections between each Network Node, it is called
Dual Ring Topology.
2. In Dual Ring Topology, two ring networks are formed, and data flow is in opposite direction in them. Also, if one ring fails, the second
ring can act as a backup, to keep the network up.
3. Data is transferred in a sequential manner that is bit by bit. Data transmitted, has to pass through each node of the network, till the
destination node.
 Advantage:
1. All data flows in one direction, reducing the chance of packet collisions.
2. A network server is not needed to control network connectivity between each workstation.
3. Transmitting network is not affected by high traffic or by adding more nodes, as only the nodes having tokens can transmit data.
4. Cheap to install and expand
 Disadvantage:
1. All data being transferred over the network must pass through each workstation on the network, which can make it slower.
2. The entire network will be impacted if one workstation shuts down.
3. Troubleshooting is difficult in ring topology.
4. Adding or deleting the computers disturbs the network activity.

11. Star Topology
 A star topology is designed with each node (file server,
workstations, and peripherals) connected directly to a
central network hub Data on a star network passes
through the hub, switch, or concentrator before
continuing to its destination. The hub, switch, or
concentrator manages and controls all functions of the
network. It also acts as a repeater for the data flow. This
configuration is common with twisted pair cable;
however, it can also be used with coaxial cable or fiber
optic cable. b, switch, or concentrator.
 Feature of Star Topology.
1. Every node has its own dedicated connection to the hub.
2. Hub acts as a repeater for data flow.
3. Can be used with twisted pair, Optical Fibre or coaxial
cable

12. Star Topology.
 Advantage.
1. Fast performance with few nodes and low network traffic.
2. Hub can be upgraded easily.
3. Easy to troubleshoot.
4. Easy to setup and modify.
5. Only that node is affected which has failed, rest of the nodes can work smoothly
6. Easy to install and wire.
7. No disruptions to the network when connecting or removing devices.
8. Easy to detect faults and to remove parts.
 Disadvantage.
1. Cost of installation is high.
2. Expensive to use.
3. If the hub fails then the whole network is stopped because all the nodes depend on the hub.
4. Performance is based on the hub that is it depends on its capacity.

13. Mesh Topology
 A mesh topology is a network topology in which all
the network nodes are individually connected to most
of the other nodes. There is not a concept of a central
switch, hub or computer which acts as a central point
of communication to pass on the messages.
 Types OF Mesh Topology.
 Partial Mesh Topology : In this topology some of the
systems are connected in the same fashion as mesh
topology but some devices are only connected to two
or three devices.
 Full Mesh Topology : Each and every nodes or devices
are connected to each other.

14. Mesh Topology.
 Features Of Mesh Topology.
1. Fully connected.
2. Robust.
3. Not flexible.
 Advantage:
1. Provides security and privacy.
2. Each connection can carry its own data load.
3. A fault is diagnosed easily.
4. Provides security and privacy.
 Disadvantage:
1. Installation and configuration are difficult if the connectivity gets more.
2. Cabling cost is more and the most in case of a fully connected mesh topology.