Part of community medicine which describes the communicable diseases

1. Dr. MahasinShaddad
AssistantprofessorBahriUniversity
MBBS,PDFM,MSc.Public&TropicalHealth
MDFamilyMedicine

2. Extended learning Outcome
By the end of this course you will be able to:
To defined communicable and non-
communicable disease
To differentiate between communicable and
non-communicable disease

3. Communicable Diseases
Diseases that are caused by infectious
agents and can be transmitted from an
infected person to other people,
animals, or other sources in the
environment.

4. Non-Communicable Diseases
Diseases that are not transferred from
an infected person to another via any
means and are mostly caused by factors
like improper lifestyle and eating habits.

5. Communicable Diseases

6. Communicable Diseases
• Called infectious diseases or transmissible
diseases.
•These diseases are transmitted when the
infectious agents are transmitted through
contact with contaminated surfaces, bodily
fluids, blood products, insect bites, or
through the air.

7. Communicable Diseases
•The spread of infectious diseases might
either be direct or indirect.
•In the direct transmission, the infectious
agent is transferred through close physical
contact, whereas in indirect transmission,
the agent is transferred through air, water,
or other vectors.

8. Communicable Diseases
•After these agents enter the body of a
healthy individual, the organism
undergoes a period of time called the
incubation period.
•Once this period is over, the symptoms
of the disease begin to appear.

9. Communicable Diseases
•In most cases, the immune system of
the body tends to destroy infectious
agents.
•However, the disease appears when the
organism escapes the immune system.

10. Communicable Diseases
Might be seasonal where certain diseases
occur at a certain time of the year.

11. Communicable Diseases
•The symptoms of communicable diseases
might differ with the nature of the
disease; however, the common symptoms
are fever, diarrhea, headache, muscle ache,
fatigue, etc.
•Most communicable diseases are acute
diseases where the disease and symptoms
appear over a short time.

12. Non-Communicable
Diseases

13. Non-Communicable Diseases
•Also called non-contagious or non-
infectious diseases.
•Infectious agents like bacteria and viruses
do not cause these diseases, and thus these
diseases do not spread from an infected
person to a healthy individual.

14. Non-Communicable Diseases
•Most non-communicable diseases are
caused due to an unhealthy diet and
lifestyle.
•However, other causes like mutations,
heredity and environmental changes might
also trigger some non-communicable
diseases.

15. Non-Communicable Diseases
•Non-communicable diseases, unlike
communicable diseases, are not seasonal
and might occur at any time of the year.
•Diseases like cancer and diabetes might
even be hereditary, which are inherited
from parents to the offspring's.

16. Non-Communicable Diseases
•These diseases are also more chronic as
the symptoms appear gradually and
thus are difficult to diagnose.
•Most of the non-communicable diseases
pose severe and long-lasting health
effects on the patients.

17. Non-Communicable Diseases
•Some chronic non-communicable diseases
might even have periods of temporary relapse
where the disease disappears for a short period
of time regularly only to reappear again.
•There are no specific treatments available for
most non-communicable diseases, and the
available medicines simply prevent the disease
from getting worse.

18. Non-Communicable Diseases
•Most non-communicable diseases are not
curable.
•Maintaining a proper and healthy eating
habit and lifestyle with regular check-ups
are essential preventive measures against
non-communicable diseases.

19. Discuss the between communicable and non-
communicable disease

20. Thanks
for your
active
listening