Group Presentation for the topic, Power and Politics. Author is Stephin P Robbins and it is Fifteenth edition.

1. Core Concepts of Organizational
Behavior: Chapter 15 1

2.  Aqib Daood Awan
 Nasir Abbas
 Maryam Nazir
 Muhammad Farrukh
 Shuaib Sohail
2

3. Aqib Daood Awan
Core Concepts of Organizational
Behavior: Chapter 15 3

4. MBA 3.5 (2013-2017)
University Of Gujarat,
Sialkot Campus

5.  What is power? How is leadership different from
power?
 What are similarities and differences among the
five bases of power?
 What is role of dependence in power relationship?
 What are the nine most often identified power or
influence tactics and their contingencies?
 What is connection between sexual harassment and
abuse of power?
 What are the causes and consequences of political
behavior? What are some examples of impression
management techniques?
 What standards can you use to determine whether
a political action is ethical?
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6. Power is the ability to …
▫ Get someone to do something you want done.
▫ Make things happen in the way you want
“Power is the opportunity to build, to create, to
nudge history in a different direction."
Richard Nixon
Dependence: B’s relationship to A when A
possesses Something that B requires.
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 Leaders use power as a way to attain group goals, and power is a
means for facilitating their achievement
 How they differ:
◦ Goal compatibility
◦ Direction of influence
◦ Research emphasis
 Power does not require goal similarity, only dependence
 Leadership requires some match
between the goals of the leader
and those being led
 Leadership focuses on the
downward influence on
followers
 Groups as well as individuals
can use power to control other
individuals or groups

8. Power
over Others
Legitimate Power
Reward Power
Coercive Power
Expert Power
Referent Power

9. Muhammad Farrukh
Gholipour A. 2006. Organizational Behavior. University of Tehran.

10. Power
over Others
Legitimate Power
Reward Power
Coercive Power
Expert Power
Referent Power

11. 12-
11
 Personal sources of power are most effective
 Expert and referent power are positively
related to performance and commitment
 Reward and legitimate power are unrelated
 Coercive power is negatively related to
employee satisfaction and commitment

12.  Legitimacy
 Rational persuasion
 Inspirational appeals
 Consultation
 Exchange
 Personal appeals
 Ingratiation
 Pressure
 Coalitions
Core Concepts of Organizational
Behavior: Chapter 15 12

13. Maryam Nazir
13

14. • Harasser stereotypes the
victim as subservient and
powerless
• Harasser threatens job
security or safety
through coercive or
legitimate power
• Hostile work
environment harassment
continues when the
victim lacks power to
stop the behaviour

15.  Co-workers believe
that employees in
relationships abuse
their power to favour
each other.
 Higher risk of sexual
harassment when
relationship breaks
off.

16. Organizational
Politics
intentional
enhancement of
self-interest

17. “Organizational politics
involves those activities by
organizations to acquire,
develop, and use power
and other resources to
obtain one’s preferred
outcomes in a situation in
which there is uncertainty
or dissent about choices.”
(Pfeffer, 1981)

18.  Nasir Abbas
Core Concepts of Organizational
Behavior: Chapter 15 18

19. Political behaviour
Low High
Favourable outcomes
• Rewards
• Averted punishments

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20
 For most people with modest political skills
or who are unwilling to play the politics
game, outcomes are negative, including low
job satisfaction, increased anxiety and
stress, feeling of losing ground to
politickers, quitting and demotivation
 Moderated by individual’s understanding of
who makes decisions and why they were
selected
 When perceived as a threat, people respond
with defensive behaviors

21. 12-
21

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22
 The process by which individuals attempt to
control the impression others form of them
 Techniques include:
◦ Conformity
◦ Excuses
◦ Apologies
◦ Self-promotion

23.  Shuaib Sohail
Core Concepts of Organizational
Behavior: Chapter 15 23

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24
 The process by which individuals attempt to
control the impression others form of them
 Techniques include:
◦ Flattery
◦ Favors
◦ Enhancement
◦ Exemplification

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 Interview success – when used in interviews it
works; self-promotion and ingratiation work
well
 Performance Evaluations – ingratiation works
well but self-promotion does not

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26
 Questions to consider:
◦ What is the utility of engaging in the behavior?
◦ How does the utility of engaging in the political
behavior balance out any harm it will do to others?
◦ Does the political activity conform to standards of
equity and justice?

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 Accept the political nature of organizations
 Increase power by:
◦ Acquire the bases of power that are most useful
(expert, referent)
◦ Use the power tactics that are most effective
(consultation, inspirational appeal)
◦ Avoid tactics that tend to backfire (coercion)

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 Power is the ability to influence people and events.
 Managers need to use power effectively.
 Closely related to power is politics. Politics relates to the ways
people gain and use power in organizations.
 Political activities in an organization are inevitable and managers
should manage them carefully.
 Power and politics are present in all organizations and are
inevitable. However it depends on the stakeholders whether to
use it for their selfish benefits or for an organizational
development that can lead to everyone's benefits.

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Thank you