This document outlines Module 6 of the PADM 7360 course on planning and implementing electronic government. It discusses key concepts around international and comparative e-government, including different models and stages of e-government development in developed versus developing countries. Students are assigned readings on the use of social media in e-government and comparative approaches between countries. Discussion questions focus on comparing e-government approaches and the potential benefits of social media.

1. PADM 7360 PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTING
ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT
Module 6 – International and Comparative E-Government
Week 7 - September 29-October 5, 2020
Week 8 – October 6-12, 2020
April Heyward
DPA Discussion Leader
3rd Year DPA Student

2. MODULE 6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 Module 6 content was primarily developed by April Heyward’s quantitative study
titled “Measuring the Effectiveness of E-Government Delivery Models” and is
approved by Valdosta State University IRB – Protocol Number - 03979-2020.

3. CONTRIBUTION TO COURSE OUTCOMES
 Expected Outcome 1 – Describe and explain the Stages of Electronic Government.
 Expected Outcome 2 – Explain the significance of e-democracy and the digital
divide, and other current issues in E-Government.
 Expected Outcome 3 – List and describe legislation effecting the Internet and
statutes that affect the implementation of E-Government.
 Expected Outcome 4 - Describe at Least Five Ways the Internet Can Help a
Government or Nonprofit Organization’s Responsiveness to Its Constituents.

4. MODULE 6 ASSIGNED READINGS
 Gintova, M. (2019). Use of Social Media in Canadian Public Administration:
Opportunities and Barriers. Canadian Public Administration, 62(1), 7-26.
 Nawafleh, S., Obiedat, R., Harfoushi, O. (2012). E-Government Between Developed
and Developing Countries. International Journal of Advanced Corporate Learning,
5(1), 8-13.
 Seifert, J., Chung, J. (2009). Using E-Government to Reinforce Government-Citizen
Relationships: Comparing Government Reform in the United States and China.
Social Science Computer Review, 27(1), 3-23.
 Seo, J., Mehedi, H. (2015). Where Are E-Governments in South Asian Countries? A
Comparative Approach. South Asian Studies, 30(2), 7-24.
 Discussion Response due Monday, October 12, 2020

5. E-GOVERNMENT
 E-Government is employed through technological tools to extend public service
delivery.
 Employing E-Government serves as a nod to the Social Contract Theory by John
Locke as the government operates on behalf of citizens.
 Developed countries and developing countries plan and implement E-Government.
 Developing countries include Least Developed Countries (LDCs), Landlocked
Developing Countries (LLDCs), and Small Island Developing States (SIDS).
 All levels of government (e.g., national, subnational, Federal, State, Local) employ
E-Government.
 There is a need to compare E-Government in developed countries and developing
countries.

6. E-GOVERNMENT DELIVERY AND BENEFICIARIES
 Government to Citizens
 Government to Business
 Government to Government
 Government to Employees

7. E-GOVERNMENT BENEFITS
 Disseminate government information
 Cost efficiency
 Increase effectiveness
 Increase government transparency
 Extended access to the government
 Extended public service delivery
 Increase public trust

8. E-GOVERNMENT BENEFITS
 Increase collaboration between government and its stakeholders
 Two-way communication between government and its stakeholders
 Increase citizen participation
 Facilitates policy development and implementation

9. E-GOVERNMENT CHALLENGES
 Infrastructure (e.g., human, financial, technological, material)
 Political (e.g., public support, competing agendas, laws, regulations)
 Social (e.g., citizen literacy levels, internet access)
 Cultural

10. E-GOVERNMENT MODELS AND STAGES
 There are a plethora of E-Government models and stages.
 Diverse models and stages contributes to the difficulty in comparing E-Government
models in developed countries and developing countries.
 Developed countries and developing countries can be in more than one stage of E-
Government simultaneously.
 Governments should employ an E-Government readiness check to aid in designing
and implementing E-Government.
 Developing countries should study developed countries’ strategies for application of
E-Government.

11. E-GOVERNMENT MODELS AND STAGES
 Comparative E-Government requires measurable variables which would apply to
diverse E-Government models.
 Measurable variables can identify specific differences in E-Government models.
 Differences in measurable outcomes can be ascribed to a country’s stage(s) in E-
Government.

12. DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
 Describe and compare E-Government in developed countries and developing
countries presented by Nawafleh et al (2012).
 Describe the phases of E-Government and the comparative approach by Seo and
Mehedi (2015). You can also refer to Seifert and Chung (2009) as an additional
reference for the comparative approach.
 Describe how social media can benefit E-Government delivery presented by
Gintova (2019).

13. REFERENCES
 Gintova, M. (2019). Use of Social Media in Canadian Public Administration:
Opportunities and Barriers. Canadian Public Administration, 62(1), 7-26.
 Heyward, A. (2018). Locke, Hobbes, and Social Contract Theory [Unpublished
manuscript]. Department of Political Science, Valdosta State University.
 Heyward, A. (2019). Measuring the Effectiveness of E-Government Delivery Models
[Unpublished manuscript]. Department of Political Science, Valdosta State
University.
 Heyward, A. (2020). Measuring Developed vs Developing Countries E-Government
Delivery Models [Unpublished manuscript]. Department of Political Science, Valdosta
State University.

14. REFERENCES
 Nawafleh, S., Obiedat, R., Harfoushi, O. (2012). E-Government Between Developed
and Developing Countries. International Journal of Advanced Corporate Learning,
5(1), 8-13.
 Seifert, J., Chung, J. (2009). Using E-Government to Reinforce Government-Citizen
Relationships: Comparing Government Reform in the United States and China. Social
Science Computer Review, 27(1), 3-23.
 Seo, J., Mehedi, H. (2015). Where Are E-Governments in South Asian Countries? A
Comparative Approach. South Asian Studies, 30(2), 7-24.