4. OTHER HISTORY
• Past History : no underlying disease
no drug allergy
no surgical history
***no traumatic history***
• No family history of bone disease
• No current medication
5. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
• Vital sign: Temp 35° BP 119/72 mmHg HR 102 bpm RR
18/min
• GA : A Thai girl, alert, good consciousness, on wheel chair
• Skin : No rash, no petechiae, no ecchymosis
• HEENT : Not pale conjunctivae, anicteric sclerae
• Respiratory : clear breath sound both lungs
• Abdomen : Soft, not tender
6. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
Extremities :
Lt hip joint - Tender at left hip joint on passive motion,
no erythematous, not warmth
Lt knee joint - Not tender, no swelling, no erythematous, full ROM
Range of motion Right Left
Hip internal rotation 35 5
Hip external rotation 45 10
Hip flexion 120 100
Hip extension 30 0
Knee flexion 140 140
Knee extension 0 0
7. PROBLEM LISTS
1. 10 years old girl with Acute left knee pain with intermittent fever
2. Refusing to bear weight
3. Tenderness and Limiting movement of the left hip joint
8. ACUTE KNEE PAIN
Acute knee pain can be referred pain from
primary pathology in the hip
Differential diagnosis
• Septic arthritis***
• Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)
• Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
15. PLAN OF MANAGEMENT OF SEPTIC HIP ARTHRITIS
1. Aspiration of the joint
2. Antimicrobial therapy
coverage for S. aureus and other gram-positive pathogens in
children
cefazolin, clindamycin, oxacillin, and vancomycin
3. Surgical drainage (arthrotomy)
to prevent AVN and osteomyelitis
16. DELBET CLASSIFICATION OF FEMORAL NECK FRACTURE
• Type 1 - transepiphyseal fractures
• Type 2 - transcervical fractures
• Type 3 - cervicotrochanteric fractures
• Type 4 - intertrochanteric fractures
18. MANAGEMENT
• Closed reduction and spica cast immobilization
Considered only for nondisplaced or minimally displaced
fractures up to age 4 years
• Internal fixation
Appropriate for older children or with displaced fractures
Closed reduction or open reduction is performed to
achieve adequate alignment
20. PLAN OF MANAGEMENT
• Aspiration joint at OPD for synovial fluid analysis
• Admit :
1. antibiotic : cefazolin 700 mg IV q 6 hr
2. On skin traction for immobilization
3. Work up lab CBC, ESR, CRP, Hemoculture x 2
4. Plan arthrotomy + ORIF with screw
22. COMMON HIP PATHOLOGY IN PEDIATRIC
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis (SCFE) Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease
Editor's Notes
ใ
knee examination is usually normal and the hip examination demonstrates a limited range of motion and/or pain. Patients with septic arthritis have significant pain on any movement of the hip. The clinician should urgently involve an orthopedic surgeon for joint drainage in patients with a septic hip.
Acute=น้อยกว่า 6 สัปดาห์