in this we can learn what is Photometry?, what is spectrophotometry ? and application of spectrophotometry?, uses of photometry? etc..

1. BIO-CHEMISTRY
PHOTOMETRY AND SPECTOPHOTOMETRY.

2. TODAY WE GO THROUGH
What is the photometry?
Principle of photometry?
Uses of photometry?
What is spectrophotometry?
Principle of spectrophotometry?
Applications of spectrophotometry?
Difference between the photometry and spectrophotometry?

3. BEFORE GOING INTO THE TOPIC, LETS
LEARN FEW POINTS:
LIGHT: Light is electromagnetic radiation that shows
properties of both waves and particles. It exists in tiny energy
packets called photons.
FREQUENCY: It is the number of occurrences of a repeating
event per unit of time.
WAVE LENGTH: It is the distance between the two crest or
two troughs
WAVE: It is a kind of oscillation that travels through
space(peak) and matter(troughs).
SPEED OF LIGHT(C): 3×108ms.

4. PHOTOMETRY
Photometry is the technique that measures the
concentration of organic and inorganic compounds in a
solution by determining the absorbance of wavelengths of
light.
Photometry instruments have many laboratory and
practical applications.
It is the science of measurememt of light, in terms of its
perceived brightness to the human eye.

5. PRINCIPLE OF PHOTOMETRY
The basic principle of this technology involves
measurement of quantity of light absorbing analyte in a
solution.
This results in reflection of a light of lower intensity.
This can only applied to solution which follow the Beer
Lambert’s law.

6. WAVELENTHS
The wavelength of emitted light is specific for specific elements

7. USES OF PHOTOMETRY
Photometry is used in various industries like chemicals, soils,
agriculture, pharmaceuticals, in plants and water, and in
biological and microbiological laboratories.
It is used in determination of potassium, sodium, magnesium,
and calcium in biological fluids like serum, plasma, urine etc ,
is routinely carried out by photometer.
Analysis of industrial water natural water for determining
elements responsible for hard water is standard procedure in
many laboratories.

8. SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
It is a method to measure how much a chemical substance
absorb light y measuring the intensity of light as a beam of
light passes through sample solution.
These are widely used in various disciplines such as physics,
molecular biology, chemistry, and biochemistry.
The difference between the spectrometer and
spectrophotometer:
A spectrometer measures emission spectrum, as the light focused
on its entrance slit, dispersed and registered at different
wavelengths.
Spectrophotometer measures absorption spectrum of a sample
placed inside.

9. APPLICATIONS OF SPECTROPHOTOMETER
Qualitative analysis: used to identify classes of compound in
both pure state and in biological preparations.
Determination of double standard DNA: DNA absorbed at
260 nm. This absorbance increase with rise in temperature, as
double standard DNA become single standard.
Molecular weight determination: the molecular weight of
amines, sugars, and many aldehyde and ketone compounds can
be determined.

11. DIFFERENCE BTW PHOTOMETRY AND
SPECTROPHOTOMETRY
Photometry measures the total brightness as seen
by the human eye.
Spectrophotometry measures the intensity at each
wavelength on the whole range of electromagnetic
spectrum for which the measurement are
necessary.