Discuss about caste/ ethnicity based social stratification in Nepal. How society is differentiated in class and power. types of social stratification.

1. Caste/Ethnicity based
Stratification
Anuj Rana
BCA

2. Contents
• What is Stratification?
• What is caste?
• Caste based social stratification of Nepalese society
• Class based Stratification
• Ethnicity based stratification
• Karl Max view
• Conclusion

3. What is Stratification?
• Stratification is the system of status differences which has developed in a
society.
• It is the process of developing and changing this system of status differences.
• Change in different factors like physical, economic etc. automatically creates
social hierarchy.

4. What is Caste?
• Caste is predetermined social status based on hereditary qualities.
• It is blood purity and inborn social hierarchy supported by genetic character.
• It is a collection of families, bearing common names, claiming a common
descent.

5. Caste based Social stratification of Nepalese
Society
Jung Bahadur Rana in 1845 made some caste based social stratification in order to
control and maintain the social order.They are
• Isogamy - Restriction in marriage with other caste
• Hypergamy – Brahmins from hypergamous marriage get a lower and different
caste ranking.
• Commensality – copulation with lower caste and acceptance of rice would result in
caste lowering and boycotts.
• Occupational restriction- must follow prescribed occupations

6. Caste based stratification hierarchy diagram
Brahmin
Kshatriya
Vaishya
Shudra

7. Class based Stratification.
• The ranking of entire groups of people based on their wealth, power, or
prestige in society.
• Income : Salaries and wages
• Wealth: Assets, stocks, inherited wealth
• Power: ability to control people with or without their consent.
• Prestige: respect, honor, or recognition people receive from society

8. Class based stratification hierarchy
UpperClass
Middle Class
Lower Class

9. Ethnicity based stratification
• Ethnic group are cultural minorities.
• Ethnicity is usually an inherited status based on the society in which one
lives.
• The fact or state of belonging to a social group that has a common national
or cultural tradition.

10. Ethnic group chart (2011)
4398053
3226093
1887753 1737470 1539607 1321933 1258554 1054412
619543 522641
0
500000
1000000
1500000
2000000
2500000
3000000
3500000
4000000
4500000
5000000
Chettri Brahma Magar Tharu Tamang Newar Kami yadav Rai Gurung
ChartTitle

11. Caste/Ethnicity based Stratification
• According to Lundberg “ A stratified society is one marked by inequality, by
differences among people that are evaluated by them as being lower and
higher”.
• Social differentiation occurs in biological as well as cultural traits.
• Talcott Parsons an American sociologist has projected some causal factors(
possession, quality and performance) create social differentiation.

12. Karl MarxView
• Society is classified into two board section
• Bourgeoisie – (landlords, industrialists, masters, owners, elites & ruling class
people) are controlling the means of production & occupying higher social
status.
• Proletariat – (serfs, labors, workers) are working class people who do sell
these labors and earn their subsistence having less status.(no land,
property)

13. Conclusion
• It is universal social phenomena.
• It is dynamic in nature as the mode of production is changeable.
• Social hierarchy is the major cause of social conflict.
• Prestige, power and property can create the social hierarchy.
• It is consequential since each individual has his own intelligence,
qualification and performance.

14. References
• Society andTechnology :Vishnu Acharya
• https://study.com/academy/lesson/social-stratification-definition-theories-
examples.html
• Images: Shutterstock.com
• http://www.madhesiyouth.com/data/federal-states-in-nepal/ethnic-groups-
in-nepal/

15. Thank you