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Objetivos
Reconocer progresiones aritmética
Calcular el término general de una progresión aritmética
Hallar la suma de los términos de la progresión aritmética
Resolver problemas de la vida cotidiana mediante
progresiones aritméticas
Progresiones Aritméticas
𝑑
𝑎1
𝑛
𝑎𝑛
𝑆𝑛
Elementos
Progresiones Aritméticas
Término General o n-ésimo término Suma de n términos
El término general o n-ésimo término
de una progresión aritmética(P.A) es:
an = a1 + (n-1)d
an : primer término
a1 : primer término
n : número de términos
d : diferencia
La suma de los n primeros términos
de una progresión aritmética (P.A)
𝑺𝒏 =
𝒏
𝟐
(𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏)
𝑆𝑛 : suma de los n primeros términos
𝑛 ∶ numero de términos
𝑎1 : primer término
𝑎𝑛 : n-ésimo término o término general
Ejemplo:
La progresión aritmética es: 9, 18, 27, …
4𝟖 = 𝒅
4𝟖 = 𝒅
Calcular la suma de los 50 primeros múltiplos de 9
DATOS
𝑎1 = 9
n = 50
𝑑 = 9
𝑎𝑛 = ?
𝑆𝑛 = ?
Tenemos dos fórmulas:
an= a1+(n-1)d
𝑺𝒏 =
𝒏
𝟐
(𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏)
Encontramos an
an= a1+(n-1)d
a50 = 9 + (50-1)(9)
a50= 450
Encontramos Sn
𝑺𝒏 =
𝒏
𝟐
(𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏)
𝑺𝟓𝟎 =
𝟓𝟎
𝟐
(𝟗 + 𝟒𝟓𝟎)
𝑺𝟓𝟎 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟒𝟕𝟓
Respuesta
𝑺𝟓𝟎 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟒𝟕𝟓
Ejemplo:
La progresión aritmética es: 35, 42, … 168
4𝟖 = 𝒅
4𝟖 = 𝒅
Calcular la suma de los múltiplos de 7 comprendidos entre 32 y 172
DATOS
𝑎1 = 35
n = ?
𝑑 = 7
𝑎𝑛 = 168
𝑆𝑛 = ?
Tenemos dos fórmulas:
an= a1+(n-1)d
𝑺𝒏 =
𝒏
𝟐
(𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏)
De an= a1+(n-1)d
encontramos n
𝒏 =
𝒂𝒏 − 𝒂𝟏
𝒅
+ 𝟏
𝒏 =
𝟏𝟔𝟖 − 𝟑𝟓
𝟕
+ 𝟏
n = 20
Encontramos Sn
𝑺𝒏 =
𝒏
𝟐
(𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏)
𝑺𝒏 =
𝟐𝟎
𝟐
(𝟑𝟓 + 𝟏𝟔𝟖)
𝑺𝟓𝟎 = 𝟏𝟎 (𝟐𝟎𝟑)
𝑺𝟓𝟎 = 𝟐𝟎𝟑𝟎
Respuesta
𝑺𝟓𝟎 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟒𝟕𝟓
Ejemplo: Determine la cantidad de términos que deben sumarse de la
progresión aritmética: 1, 3, 5, 7, ….. para que el resultado sea 3969
DATOS
𝑎1 = 1
n = ?
𝑑 = 2
𝑎𝑛 = ?
𝑆𝑛 = 3969
Tenemos dos fórmulas:
an= a1+(n-1)d
𝑺𝒏 =
𝒏
𝟐
(𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏)
En
an= a1+(n-1)d
an= 1+(n-1)2
an= 1 + 2n -2
an= 2n - 1
Reemplazamos en Sn
𝑺𝒏 =
𝒏
𝟐
(𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏)
3969=
𝒏
𝟐
(𝟏 + 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏)
7938 = n( 2n)
𝒏2 =
𝟕𝟗𝟑𝟖
𝟐
𝒏2
=3969
n = ± 63
Respuesta
n= 𝟔𝟑
Tomamos el valor
positivo porque n
al ser el numero
de términos de
ser siempre un
entero positivo
Ejemplo:
DATOS
𝑎1 = −11
n = 11
𝑑 = ?
𝑎11 = ?
𝑆11 = 44
Tenemos dos fórmulas:
an= a1+(n-1)d
𝑺𝒏 =
𝒏
𝟐
(𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏)
En
an= a1+(n-1)d
a11= -11+(11-1)d
a11= -11 + 10d
Reemplazamos en Sn
𝑺𝟏𝟏 =
𝒏
𝟐
(𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝟏𝟏)
44=
𝟏𝟏
𝟐
(−𝟏𝟏 − 𝟏𝟏 + 𝟏𝟎𝒅)
88 = 11( -22+10d)
8= −𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝒅
30 = 10 d ……. d= 3
Reemplazamos en la
Ecuación anterior:
a11= -11 + 10d
a11= -11 + 10(3) = 19
Respuesta
a11= 19

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Aaprogresiones -aritmeticas_(2)

  • 1. Objetivos Reconocer progresiones aritmética Calcular el término general de una progresión aritmética Hallar la suma de los términos de la progresión aritmética Resolver problemas de la vida cotidiana mediante progresiones aritméticas
  • 3. Progresiones Aritméticas Término General o n-ésimo término Suma de n términos El término general o n-ésimo término de una progresión aritmética(P.A) es: an = a1 + (n-1)d an : primer término a1 : primer término n : número de términos d : diferencia La suma de los n primeros términos de una progresión aritmética (P.A) 𝑺𝒏 = 𝒏 𝟐 (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏) 𝑆𝑛 : suma de los n primeros términos 𝑛 ∶ numero de términos 𝑎1 : primer término 𝑎𝑛 : n-ésimo término o término general
  • 4. Ejemplo: La progresión aritmética es: 9, 18, 27, … 4𝟖 = 𝒅 4𝟖 = 𝒅 Calcular la suma de los 50 primeros múltiplos de 9 DATOS 𝑎1 = 9 n = 50 𝑑 = 9 𝑎𝑛 = ? 𝑆𝑛 = ? Tenemos dos fórmulas: an= a1+(n-1)d 𝑺𝒏 = 𝒏 𝟐 (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏) Encontramos an an= a1+(n-1)d a50 = 9 + (50-1)(9) a50= 450 Encontramos Sn 𝑺𝒏 = 𝒏 𝟐 (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏) 𝑺𝟓𝟎 = 𝟓𝟎 𝟐 (𝟗 + 𝟒𝟓𝟎) 𝑺𝟓𝟎 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟒𝟕𝟓 Respuesta 𝑺𝟓𝟎 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟒𝟕𝟓
  • 5. Ejemplo: La progresión aritmética es: 35, 42, … 168 4𝟖 = 𝒅 4𝟖 = 𝒅 Calcular la suma de los múltiplos de 7 comprendidos entre 32 y 172 DATOS 𝑎1 = 35 n = ? 𝑑 = 7 𝑎𝑛 = 168 𝑆𝑛 = ? Tenemos dos fórmulas: an= a1+(n-1)d 𝑺𝒏 = 𝒏 𝟐 (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏) De an= a1+(n-1)d encontramos n 𝒏 = 𝒂𝒏 − 𝒂𝟏 𝒅 + 𝟏 𝒏 = 𝟏𝟔𝟖 − 𝟑𝟓 𝟕 + 𝟏 n = 20 Encontramos Sn 𝑺𝒏 = 𝒏 𝟐 (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏) 𝑺𝒏 = 𝟐𝟎 𝟐 (𝟑𝟓 + 𝟏𝟔𝟖) 𝑺𝟓𝟎 = 𝟏𝟎 (𝟐𝟎𝟑) 𝑺𝟓𝟎 = 𝟐𝟎𝟑𝟎 Respuesta 𝑺𝟓𝟎 = 𝟏𝟏 𝟒𝟕𝟓
  • 6. Ejemplo: Determine la cantidad de términos que deben sumarse de la progresión aritmética: 1, 3, 5, 7, ….. para que el resultado sea 3969 DATOS 𝑎1 = 1 n = ? 𝑑 = 2 𝑎𝑛 = ? 𝑆𝑛 = 3969 Tenemos dos fórmulas: an= a1+(n-1)d 𝑺𝒏 = 𝒏 𝟐 (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏) En an= a1+(n-1)d an= 1+(n-1)2 an= 1 + 2n -2 an= 2n - 1 Reemplazamos en Sn 𝑺𝒏 = 𝒏 𝟐 (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏) 3969= 𝒏 𝟐 (𝟏 + 𝟐𝒏 − 𝟏) 7938 = n( 2n) 𝒏2 = 𝟕𝟗𝟑𝟖 𝟐 𝒏2 =3969 n = ± 63 Respuesta n= 𝟔𝟑 Tomamos el valor positivo porque n al ser el numero de términos de ser siempre un entero positivo
  • 7. Ejemplo: DATOS 𝑎1 = −11 n = 11 𝑑 = ? 𝑎11 = ? 𝑆11 = 44 Tenemos dos fórmulas: an= a1+(n-1)d 𝑺𝒏 = 𝒏 𝟐 (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝒏) En an= a1+(n-1)d a11= -11+(11-1)d a11= -11 + 10d Reemplazamos en Sn 𝑺𝟏𝟏 = 𝒏 𝟐 (𝒂𝟏 + 𝒂𝟏𝟏) 44= 𝟏𝟏 𝟐 (−𝟏𝟏 − 𝟏𝟏 + 𝟏𝟎𝒅) 88 = 11( -22+10d) 8= −𝟐𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝒅 30 = 10 d ……. d= 3 Reemplazamos en la Ecuación anterior: a11= -11 + 10d a11= -11 + 10(3) = 19 Respuesta a11= 19